A5033195056- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Health, Nursing, Elderly Care
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Youth, Drugs, and Violence
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Public Health in Brazil
- Engineering and Materials Science Studies
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
Universidade de Brasília
2015-2024
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
2012-2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2020-2024
Universidade Federal Fluminense
2015-2024
University of Glasgow
2024
Universidade Federal de Rondônia
2023
Federal Government of Brazil
2021-2022
Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine
2009-2021
Integra (United States)
2020
Fundação Saúde
2020
Although leprosy is recognised as a disease of poverty, there little evidence on the specific socioeconomic factors associated with risk. To inform targeted strategies for elimination, we investigated markers risk in Brazil.
Abstract There is considerable interest in the waning of effectiveness coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and vaccine (VE) booster doses. Using linked national Brazilian databases, we undertook a test-negative design study involving almost 14 million people (~16 tests) to estimate VE CoronaVac over time BNT162b2 vaccination against RT–PCR-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection COVID-19 outcomes (hospitalization or death). Compared with unvaccinated...
Globally, millions of lives are impacted every year by infectious diseases outbreaks. Comprehensive and innovative surveillance strategies aiming at early alert timely containment emerging reemerging pathogens a pressing priority. Shortcomings delays in current pathogen practices further disturbed informing responses, interventions, mitigation recent pandemics, including H1N1 influenza SARS-CoV-2. We present the design principles architecture for an early-alert system that leverages vast...
Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is treated with parenteral drugs for decades decreasing rate cures. Miltefosine an oral medication anti-leishmania activity and may increase the cure rates improve compliance. Methodology/Principal Findings This study a randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate efficacy safety of miltefosine versus pentavalent antimony (Sbv) in treatment patients CL caused by Leishmania braziliensis Bahia, Brazil. A total 90 were enrolled...
New approaches and tools were needed to support the strategic planning, implementation management of a Program launched by Brazilian Government fund research, development capacity building on neglected tropical diseases with strong focus North, Northeast Center-West regions country where these are prevalent.Based demographic, epidemiological burden disease data, seven selected Ministry Health as targets initiative. Publications researchers retrieved from international databases, analyzed...
Miltefosine has been used in the treatment of several new world cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) species with variable efficacy. Our study is first evidence on its clinical efficacy Leishmania ( Viannia ) guyanensis . In this phase II/III randomized trial, 90 CL patients were randomly allocated (2:1) to oral miltefosine (2.5 mg/kg/day/28 days) N = 60) or parenteral antimony (15–20 mg/Sb/kg/day/20 30) according age groups: 2–12 y/o and 13–65 y/o. Patients human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)...
Background Social determinants can affect the transmission of leprosy and its progression to disease. Not much is known about effectiveness welfare primary health care policies on reduction occurrence. The aim this study evaluate impact Brazilian cash transfer (Bolsa Família Program-BFP) (Family Health Program-FHP) programs new case detection rate leprosy. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted with a mixed ecological design, combination an multiple-group time-trend design in period...
Leprosy is a chronic human disease caused by the yet-uncultured pathogen Mycobacterium leprae. Although readily curable with multidrug therapy (MDT), over 200,000 new cases are still reported annually. Here, we obtain M. leprae genome sequences from DNA extracted directly patients' skin biopsies using customized protocol. Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of 154 genomes 25 countries provides insight into evolution antimicrobial resistance, uncovering lineages phylogeographic trends, most...
During the period of 1990-2000, Rio de Janeiro was characterized by a limited supply public and universal primary care services. In 2008, family health team coverage corresponded to 3.5% population, lowest among capital cities. At end 2013, reached more than 40% residents with teams comprised doctors, nurses, practical community agents, surveillance in addition oral teams. This article describes analyzes main components Reform Primary Health Care (RCAPS) implemented since 2009, focusing on...
Aging influences COVID-19 severity and response to vaccination, but previous vaccine effectiveness (VE) analyzes lack the power evaluate its role in subgroups within elderly age group. Here we analyzed impact of on viral vector inactivated virus vaccines' effectiveness, main platforms used low- middle-income countries.
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Little is known about vaccine effectiveness over time among adolescents, especially against the SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. This study assessed associations between since two-dose vaccination with BNT162b2 and occurrence of symptomatic infection severe COVID-19 adolescents in Brazil Scotland. <h3>Methods</h3> We did test-negative, case-control studies aged 12–17 years COVID-19-related symptoms linked records RT-PCR antigen tests to national...
Although severe COVID-19 in children is rare, they may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome, long-COVID and downstream effects of COVID-19, including social isolation disruption education. Data on the effectiveness CoronaVac vaccine scarce during Omicron period. In Brazil, between 6 to 11 years are eligible receive vaccine. We conducted a test-negative design estimate using 197,958 tests from January 21, 2022, April 15, dominant period Brazil among aged years. The estimated for...
To date, no information has been published on the effectiveness of inactivated whole-virus COVID-19 vaccines plus heterologous booster against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes (hospitalization or death) during dominance SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant period. We evaluated vaccine (VE) CoronaVac BNT162b2 period in Brazil (January to April 2022). Using a test-negative design, we analysed data for 2,471,576 individuals tested variant's dominant using nationally linked database from Brazil....
Background The elimination strategy reduced known leprosy prevalence but the detection rate remains high in many countries, including Brazil. Brazilian imposes a limit to reduction of short term. knowledge time behaviour and spatial distribution statistics will contribute decision making for control. Method numbers newly diagnosed cases by region year from 1980 2004, prevalent 1990 2007 were fitted as parabolic function negative binomial regression models. To detect areas with increased...
Diana Lockwood and colleagues reflect on the global leprosy elimination programme challenge wisdom of WHO’s strategies
To evaluate the impact of Brazilian cash transfer programme (Bolsa Família Programme, BFP) on tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Brazil from 2004 to 2012.We studied surveillance data using a combination an ecological multiple-group and time-trend design covering 2458 municipalities. The main independent variable was BFP coverage outcome TB rate. All study variables were obtained national databases. We used fixed-effects negative binomial models for panel adjusted selected covariates representing...
Background Leprosy control is based on early diagnosis and multidrug therapy. For treatment purposes, leprosy patients can be classified as paucibacillary (PB) or multibacillary (MB), according to the number of skin lesions. Studies regarding a uniform regimen (U-MDT) for all have been encouraged by WHO, rendering disease classification unnecessary. Methodology findings An independent, randomized, controlled clinical trial conducted from 2007 2015 in Brazil, compared main outcomes (frequency...