A5045377263- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Genital Health and Disease
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
Makerere University
2017-2025
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2007-2023
Trinity College Dublin
2017
Infectious Diseases Institute
2017
Medical Research Council
2014
ObjectivesThere is a high demand for SARS-CoV-2 testing to identify COVID-19 cases. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) the recommended diagnostic test but number of constraints prevent its widespread implementation, including cost. The aim this study was evaluate low cost and easy use rapid antigen diagnosing at point care.MethodsNasopharyngeal swabs from suspected cases low-risk volunteers were tested with STANDARD Q Ag Test results compared qRT-PCR results.ResultsIn total, 262 samples...
Diagnosing childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a challenge. This led the Uganda National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program (NTLP) to develop clinical treatment decision algorithm (TDA) for children. However, there limited data on its accuracy, how it compares new World Health Organization (WHO) TB TDAs study aimed evaluate compare accuracy of 2017 NTLP diagnostic with 2022 WHO among We analyzed four years from children <15 old in Kampala, Uganda. Children were classified as per...
In a randomized comparison of nevirapine or abacavir with zidovudine plus lamivudine, routine viral load monitoring was not performed, yet 27% individuals failure at week 48 experienced resuppression by 96 without switching. This supports World Health Organization recommendations that suspected should trigger adherence counseling and repeat measurement before treatment switch is considered.
In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended that pregnant women in malaria-endemic countries complete at least three (optimal) doses of intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) to prevent malaria and related adverse events during pregnancy. Uganda adopted this recommendation, but uptake remains low East-Central information explain scanty. This analysis determined correlates optimal IPTp-SP Uganda.This was a secondary 2016 Demographic Survey data on...
Uniformed service personnel have an increased risk of poor viral load suppression (VLS). This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes interventions improve VLS in 28 military health facilities Uganda.This operational research conducted between October 2018 and September 2019, among people living with HIV (PLHIV) managed by Uganda. Patients a (VL) >1000 copies/ml received three sessions intensive adherence counselling (IAC), 1 month apart, after which repeat VL done. The main outcome...
Objective: To measure nevirapine elimination in African adults undertaking a structured treatment interruption (STI) the DART trial. Design: Cohort (16 women, 5 men; median weight 61 kg) within randomized trial of management strategies. Methods: Plasma was measured by validated high performance liquid chromatography at 0,1,2,3 and 4 weeks after stopping drug subset patients an STI. All continued lamivudine plus zidovudine/stavudine for further 7 days. Results: Two with no or low plasma...
Boosted protease inhibitor (bPI) monotherapy (bPImono) potentially has substantial cost, safety and operational benefits. It never been evaluated as second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa.After 24 weeks of lopinavir/ritonavir-containing therapy, DART participants were randomized to remain on combination (CT), or change bPImono maintenance (SARA trial; ISRCTN53817258). Joint primary end points CD4(+) T-cell changes later serious adverse events (SAEs); retrospectively assayed viral...
ABSTRACT. Among a prospective cohort of children and adults admitted to national COVID-19 treatment unit in Uganda from March December 2020, we characterized the epidemiology risk factors for severe illness. Across two epidemic phases differentiated by varying levels community transmission, proportion patients with WHO-defined ranged 5% (7/146; 95% CI: 2–10) 33% (41/124; 25–42); 21% (26/124; 14–29%) during peak phase received oxygen therapy. Severe was associated older age, male sex, longer...
Little is known about the pathobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in sub-Saharan Africa, where severe COVID-19 fatality rates are among highest world and immunological landscape unique. In a prospective cohort study 306 adults encompassing entire clinical spectrum Uganda, we profile peripheral blood proteome transcriptome to characterize immunopathology across multiple phases pandemic. Beyond prognostic importance myeloid cell-driven immune activation lymphopenia, show that multifaceted...
Objectives The aim of the study was to describe facilitators, barriers and level uptake COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers in primary facilities an urban setting Uganda. Materials methods We conducted a cross-sectional HCWs private public health Entebbe municipality between July 2021 August 2021. Data collected using structured questionnaire that shared, via online link, consented participants. Uptake analysed as proportions, logistic regression used analyse facilitators vaccines....
We investigated the prevalence, incidence and predictors of new peripheral neuropathy episodes in previously untreated, symptomatic HIV-infected Ugandan/Zimbabwean adults initiating zidovudine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART).An open-label, multicentre, randomized trial.Peripheral was self-reported at 12-weekly clinic visits. Cox regression models (excluding participants reporting preexisting ART initiation), considered sex; pre-ART WHO stage, age CD4(+) cell count; count versus no...
IntroductionSerological testing is needed to better understand the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been developed detect specific antibodies, IgM and IgG, The performance 25 these RDTs was evaluated.MethodsA serological reference panel 50 positive 100 negative plasma specimens from SARS-CoV-2 PCR antibody patients pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2-negative collected in 2016. Test evaluated against this...
We investigated phenotypic and genotypic resistance after 2 years of first-line therapy with two HIV treatment regimens in the absence virological monitoring. NORA [Nevirapine OR Abacavir study, a sub-study Development AntiRetroviral Therapy Africa (DART) trial] randomized 600 symptomatic HIV-infected Ugandan adults (CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3) to receive zidovudine/lamivudine plus abacavir (cABC arm) or nevirapine (cNVP arm). All tests were performed retrospectively, including on week 96...
Abstract Background Vaccines play a crucial role in eradicating and containing disease outbreaks. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind vaccine refusal associated factors is essential for improving acceptance rates. Our objective was to examine determinants of COVID-19 non-uptake explore among healthcare workers Uganda. Methods Between July August 2021, we conducted cross-sectional study primary facilities Entebbe Municipality, Participants were recruited using convenience sampling,...
Vaccines play a crucial role in eradicating and containing disease outbreaks. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind vaccine refusal associated factors is essential for improving acceptance rates. Our objective was to examine determinants of COVID-19 non-uptake explore among healthcare workers (HCWs) Uganda.
Diagnosing childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a challenge, and this led the Uganda National Tuberculosis Leprosy Program (NTLP) to develop clinical treatment decision algorithm (TDA) for children. However, there limited data on its accuracy how it compares new World Health Organization (WHO) TB TDAs This study aimed evaluate compare of 2017 NTLP with 2022 WHO among children in Kampala, Uganda. We retrospectively assessed <15 years old who underwent an evaluation between November...
Introduction Microbial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). Respiratory tract (RTIs) responsible for approximately 70% illnesses PLWH. Drug resistant bacteria highly prevalent PLWH this is public health concern. Methods This retrospective analysis data collected during the COSTOP trial between 2011 2013. Sputum on spot from participants presenting productive cough was examined using Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen stains cultured suitable...
The observation that HIV-1 subtype D progresses faster to disease than A prompted us examine cytokine levels early after infection within the predominant viral subtypes circulate in Uganda and address following research questions: (1) Do vary between A1 D? (2) profiles correlate with outcomes?To these questions, were determined by population sequencing of pol gene 37 plasma concentrations evaluated using V-Plex kits on Meso Scale Discovery platform 65 recent sero-converters.HIV-1 (pol)...
Tremendous progress has been made in the management of HIV/AIDS sub-Saharan African adults [1]. Pediatric HIV management, however, unmet needs early diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART) [2]. The goal care treatment progressed from prevention mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) to elimination [3]. children with ART trial South Africa demonstrated that initiation can improve survival, reducing mortality by 76% [4]. This led revision WHO recommending for aged 2 years or less irrespective...
This paper describes the WHO’s Model of Optimizing Volumes and Efficiencies (MOVE), adapted by University Research Council (URC) - Department Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP) to rapidly scale up Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) within Uganda’s military health facilities. First, we examine MOVE model then present URC-DHAPP intervention package comprising of: a) a Command-driven approach, b) Mobile theatres c) Quality assurance d) Data strengthening reflection. To expand...
Abstract Introduction Microbial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). Respiratory tract (RTIs) responsible for approximately 70% illnesses PLWH. Drug resistant bacteria highly prevalent PLWH this is public health concern. Methods This retrospective analysis data collected during the COSTOP trial between 2011 2013. Sputum on spot from participants presenting productive cough was examined using Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen stains cultured suitable...