A5103085142- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- RNA modifications and cancer
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Indian and Buddhist Studies
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Silkworms and Sericulture Research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- RNA regulation and disease
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
- Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis
- Robotic Locomotion and Control
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Tohoku University
2021-2025
Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital
2025
RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research
2018-2024
Leiden University Medical Center
2024
Gifu University
2021-2022
The University of Tokyo
1963-2021
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2002-2021
Tokyo Institute of Technology
1973-2020
International University of Health and Welfare
2020
Kyushu Dental University
2019
Transcription machinery remains steadfast Eukaryotic transcription of mRNA is a multistep process mediated by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Pol combines with several other factors to form an elongation complex that promotes elongation. Ehara et al. determined the high-resolution structure means x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy (see Perspective Fouqueau Werner). Multiple are distributed on wide surface establish exit path DNA entry or tunnels, which facilitate nascent...
Abstract Tetraspanins play critical roles in various physiological processes, ranging from cell adhesion to virus infection. The members of the tetraspanin family have four membrane-spanning domains and short large extracellular loops, associate with a broad range other functional proteins exert cellular functions. Here we report crystal structure CD9 cryo-electron microscopic complex its single partner protein, EWI-2. reversed cone-like molecular shape generates membrane curvature...
Integrated stress response on the brain During translation, regulation of protein synthesis by phosphorylation eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) is a common consequence diverse stimuli, which leads to reprogramming gene expression. This process, known as integrated response, one most fundamental mechanisms translational control conserved throughout eukaryotes. It also promising therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic injury. Kashiwagi et al. report...
Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are critical for protein synthesis. Queuosine (Q), a 7-deaza-guanosine derivative, is present in tRNA anticodons. In vertebrate tRNAs Tyr and Asp, Q further glycosylated with galactose mannose to generate galQ manQ, respectively. However, biogenesis physiological relevance of Q-glycosylation remain poorly understood. Here, we biochemically identified two glycosylases, QTGAL QTMAN, successfully reconstituted using nucleotide diphosphate sugars. Ribosome...
Transcription termination is an essential step in transcription by RNA polymerase (RNAP) and crucial for gene regulation. For many bacterial genes, mediated the adenosine triphosphate-dependent translocase/helicase Rho, which causes RNA/DNA dissociation from RNAP elongation complex (EC). However, structural basis of interplay between Rho remains obscure. Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structure Thermus thermophilus EC engaged with Rho. The hexamer binds through carboxyl-terminal...
Abstract Although several ribosomal protein paralogs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner, how these proteins affect translation and why they required only certain tissues have remained unclear. Here we show that RPL3L, paralog of RPL3 specifically heart skeletal muscle, influences elongation dynamics. Deficiency RPL3L-containing ribosomes RPL3L knockout male mice resulted impaired cardiac contractility. Ribosome occupancy at mRNA codons was found to be altered the RPL3L-deficient...
Members of the leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) protein family, composed five LRRC8A-E isoforms, are pore-forming components volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). LRRC8A and at least one other LRRC8 isoforms assemble into heteromers to generate VRAC transport activities. Despite availability structures, structural basis how than contribute functional diversity has remained elusive. Here, we present structure human LRRC8D isoform, which enables permeation organic substrates through...
Abstract Aim Although perforated peptic ulcer is common in Japan, few large‐scale studies have assessed its management, including surgical procedures and outcomes. This study aimed to survey the characteristics, outcomes of ulcer. Methods A multicenter retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted across seven centers Japan between 2011 2022. Perforated defined as gastric or duodenal perforation, excluding malignant iatrogenic perforation. Results We enrolled 703 patients with The overall...
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is gaining clinical recognition as a recently emerging pulmonary pathogen. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), the most common NTM, cause of MAC disease. Currently, macrolide azithromycin (AZM) standard first-line antibiotic for treatment However, rise drug-resistant necessitates development alternative therapeutics. Here, we present late-stage boron-mediated aglycon delivery strategy selective modification AZM, generating library potential anti-MAC drugs...
One way that aerobic biological systems counteract the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is with superoxide dismutase proteins SOD1 and SOD2 metabolize radicals to molecular hydrogen peroxide or scavenge produced by extensive oxidation-reduction electron-transport reactions occur in mitochondria. We characterized Bombyx mori isolated from fat body larvae. Immunological analysis demonstrated presence BmSOD1 BmSOD2 silk gland, midgut, body, Malpighian tubules, testis ovary larvae...
Abstract: Expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was studied in nine human neuroblastoma and two glioblastoma cell lines. Neuronal NOS (n‐NOS) mRNA ∼10 kb detected four the lines by northern blot analysis using n‐NOS cDNA as a probe. also another line subsequent reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) study, but no expression observed other or The level activity correlated well with that expressing mRNA. Western showed expressed cells 160‐kDa protein reacted anti‐n‐NOS...
Rac1-bound structure and mutagenesis of the ELMO1-DOCK5 complex provide insights into how ELMO modulates DOCK activity.