A5026614135- HIV Research and Treatment
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Coronary Artery Anomalies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- interferon and immune responses
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Global Health and Surgery
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
University of California, Berkeley
2021-2023
Stanford University
2007-2022
Sustainable Sciences Institute
2022
Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developpement Rural
2021
PIVOT
2021
Genome Institute of Singapore
2010
Memorial Hospital
2010
Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego
2010
Bipar
2009
Harvard University
1990-2006
The nature and extent of interindividual temporal variation in gene expression patterns specific cells tissues is an important relatively unexplored issue human biology. We surveyed peripheral blood from 75 healthy volunteers by using cDNA microarrays. Characterization the tissue essential foundation for recognition interpretation changes these associated with infections other diseases, was selected because it a uniquely accessible which to examine this patients or clinical setting. Specific...
Interfering with Interferons Infections Mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium leprae or M. tuberculosis , vary substantially in their clinical presentation. For instance, some cases of the infection is self-healing very few lesions. In contrast, people experience disseminated form, where skin lesions abound and bacteria are abundant. patients infected Teles et al. (p. 1448 published online 28 February) found that disease associates a type I interferon gene signature, whereas form II...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is less pathogenic than HIV 1 (HIV-1), but the mechanisms underlying this difference have not been defined. We developed an internally controlled quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to measure HIV-2 viral load and determined levels of plasma in a cohort registered commercial sex workers Dakar, Senegal. The assay has lower limit detection 100 copies/mL linear over 4 logs. RNA was detectable 56% all samples tested; median 141...
Responses by peripheral blood leukocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). We used DNA microarrays reveal transcriptional patterns in 14 adults with DHF. Acute DHF was defined an abundance transcripts from cell cycle- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related genes, suggesting a proliferative response accompanied ER stress. Transcript-abundance levels for immunoresponse-associated including surface markers, immunoglobulin, innate elements, were also elevated....
Interferons are key modulators of the immune system, and central to control many diseases. The response cells stimuli in complex populations is product direct indirect effects, homotypic heterotypic cell interactions. Dissecting global transcriptional profiles may provide insights into this regulatory interplay. host also be useful discriminating between disease states, understanding pathophysiology. programs health therefore a paradigm for deconvoluting disease-associated gene expression...
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional peptide that important in T-cell activation and cardiovascular remodeling, both of which are features Kawasaki disease (KD). We postulated variation TGF-β signaling might be KD susceptibility outcome.We investigated genetic 15 genes belonging to the pathway total 771 subjects mainly European descent from United States, Kingdom, Australia, Netherlands. analyzed transcript abundance patterns using microarray reverse...
ABSTRACT Levels of virus in the plasma are closely related to pathogenicity human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-2 is much less pathogenic than HIV-1, and infection with leads significantly lower viral load. To identify source this difference, we measured both RNA proviral DNA matched samples from 34 HIV-2-infected individuals. Nearly half had undetectable loads (<100 copies/ml), but levels were relatively high confirmed that quantities provirus HIV-1 similar. Overall, load did not...
Malaria is a global problem, and there critical need for further understanding of the disease process. When malarial parasites invade develop within bloodstream, they stimulate profound host response whose main clinical sign fever. To explore this response, we measured gene expression in whole blood from Kenyan children hospitalized with either acute malaria or other febrile illnesses. Genomewide analysis identified 2 principal gene-expression profiles related to neutrophil erythroid...
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limited vasculitis and the leading cause of acquired heart in children developed countries. No etiologic agent(s) has been identified, processes that mediate formation coronary artery aneurysms abatement fever following treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remain poorly understood.In initial survey, we used DNA microarrays to examine patterns gene expression peripheral whole blood from 20 KD; each was sampled during acute, subacute,...
We used microarrays and transcriptional profiling of peripheral blood to investigate the host response 29 individuals who contracted typhoid fever in Mekong Delta region Vietnam. Samples were taken over a nine month period encompassing acute disease, convalescence, recovery. found that induced distinct highly reproducible signature changed during treatment returning majority cases "normal" profile as measured healthy uninfected controls. Unexpectedly, there was strong, convalescence present...
Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne human illness worldwide. The ability to predict disease severity during earliest days of a long-sought, but unachieved goal.We examined genome-wide transcript abundance patterns in daily peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from 41 children hospitalized with dengue virus (DENV) infection Nicaragua, as well 8 healthy control subjects. Nine patients had primary fever (DF1), 11 serologic evidence prior DENV infection, i.e., secondary...
Limited sensitivity and specificity of current diagnostics lead to the erroneous prescription antibiotics. Host-response-based could address these challenges. However, using 4,200 samples across 69 blood transcriptome datasets from 20 countries patients with bacterial or viral infections representing a broad spectrum biological, clinical, technical heterogeneity, we show host-response-based gene signatures have lower accuracy distinguish intracellular than extracellular infections. Using...
Acute Kawasaki disease (KD) is difficult to distinguish from other illnesses that involve acute rash or fever, in part because the etiologic agent(s) and pathophysiology remain poorly characterized. As a result, diagnosis critical therapies may be delayed.We used DNA microarrays identify possible diagnostic features of KD. We compared gene expression patterns blood 23 children with KD 18 age-matched febrile 3 resemble KD.Genes associated platelet neutrophil activation were expressed at...
We employed DNA microarray technology to investigate the host response Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mouse model of asymptomatic carriage. Over period six weeks, we profiled transcript abundance and complexity Nasal Associated Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) identify genes whose expression differed between pneumococcal-colonized uncolonized states. Colonization with S. altered hundreds over course study, demonstrating that carriage is dynamic process characterized by increased set early inflammatory...
Leptospirosis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, the role of host immune response in disease progression high case fatality (>10–50%) is poorly understood. We conducted a multi-parameter investigation patients with acute leptospirosis to identify mechanisms associated fatality. Whole blood transcriptional profiling 16 hospitalized Brazilian (13 survivors, 3 deceased) revealed fatal cases had lower expression antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, chemokines, but...
There are many outstanding questions about how to control the global COVID-19 pandemic. The information void has been especially stark in World Health Organization Africa Region, which low per capita reported cases, testing rates, access therapeutic drugs, and longest wait for vaccines. As with all disease, central challenge responding is that it requires integrating complex health systems incorporate prevention, testing, front line care, reliable data inform policies their implementation...
BackgroundSeveral promising live attenuated dengue vaccines are in development, but information about innate immune responses and early correlates of protection is lacking.
The development of a vaccine against dengue faces unique challenges, including the complexity immune responses to four antigenically distinct serotypes. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling provides insight into pathways and molecular features that underlie system stimulation, may facilitate predictions protection.In this study, we measured early in peripheral blood cynomolgus macaques following vaccination with live, attenuated tetravalent candidate, TDV, which is based on DENV-2 backbone....
Evaluation of immune mechanisms responsible for control viral replication is critical to understanding HIV-2 attenuated biological characteristics in pathogenesis and transmission. the cellular response often based on labor-intensive techniques that limit scope most studies performed. A simple rapid anthrax toxin-based ELISPOT method assess was developed. The modified antigen presentation process performed better than a recombinant vaccinia system significantly enhanced ease simplicity...
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is essential for viral replication and has extracellular pathogenic activity. We sought to determine whether the anti-Tat antibody response was predictive disease progression in 144 HIV type 2 (HIV-2)-infected subjects observed longitudinally between 1985 2003. Sixty-eight percent tested positive antibodies, with reactivity notably established early after seroconversion stably maintained over course infection. risk rate advanced HIV-2...