A5078455366- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Gut microbiota and health
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
Saarland University
2024
Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center
2013-2022
University of Pennsylvania
2022
Hinge Health
2022
German Center for Infection Research
2016-2021
German Center for Lung Research
2016-2021
Digital Research Alliance of Canada
2020
Center for Clinical Studies
2014-2017
University of Lübeck
2016
Authorised Association Consortium
2012
In infection experiments with genetically distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, we identified clade-specific virulence patterns in human primary macrophages and mice infected by the aerosol route, both reflecting relevant model systems. Exclusively human-adapted M. lineages, also termed clade I, comprising "modern" such as Beijing Euro-American Haarlem showed a significantly enhanced capability to grow compared that of II which include "ancient" as, e.g., East African...
Rationale In adults, personalised asthma treatment targets patients with type 2 (T2)-high and eosinophilic phenotypes. It is unclear whether such classification achievable in children. Objectives To define T2-high easily accessible biomarkers compare resulting phenotypes across all ages. Methods the multicentre clinical All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE), 1125 participants (n=776 asthmatics, n=349 controls) were recruited followed for years (1 year adults). Extensive characterisation...
The immune surveillance reactivator lefitolimod (MGN1703), a DNA-based TLR9 agonist, might foster innate and adaptive response thus improve immune-mediated control of residual cancer disease. IMPULSE phase II study evaluated the efficacy safety as maintenance treatment in extensive-stage small-cell lung (ES-SCLC) after objective to first-line chemotherapy, an indication with high unmet medical need stagnant improvement last decades.103 patients ES-SCLC tumor (as per RECIST 1.1) following...
The development of host-targeted, prophylactic, and therapeutic interventions against tuberculosis requires a better understanding the immune mechanisms that determine outcome infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.To identify T-cell-dependent are protective in tuberculosis.Multicolor flow cytometry, cell sorting growth inhibition assays were employed to compare frequency, phenotype function T lymphocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage or peripheral blood.At two independent study sites,...
BackgroundLittle is known about the role of small airway dysfunction (SAD) and its complex relation with asthma control physical activity (PA).ObjectiveTo investigate interrelations among SAD, risk factors for severity, symptom control, PA.MethodsWe assessed SAD by impulse oscillometry other sophisticated lung function measures including inert gas washout in adults (mild to moderate, n = 140; severe, 128) 69 healthy controls from All Age Asthma Cohort. We evaluated prevalence interrelation...
The nuclear long non-coding RNA LUCAT1 has previously been identified as a negative feedback regulator of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokine expression in human myeloid cells. Here, we define the mechanistic basis for suppression gene by LUCAT1. Using comprehensive identification RNA-binding proteins mass spectrometry well immunoprecipitation, important processing alternative splicing mRNAs LUCAT1-binding proteins. These included heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein C, M, A2B1....
To examine the role of smoking on bacterial community composition upper and lower respiratory tract, a monocentric, controlled prospective study was performed, including healthy smokers, ex-smokers never-smokers. Smokers were further grouped according to their history. Bacterial diversity analysed using molecular barcoding approach based directly extracted DNA. Our shows for first time distinct response patterns in tract cigarette leading higher abundance opportunistic pathogens. The...
Background Comprehensive studies investigated the role of T-cells in asthma which led to personalised treatment options targeting severe eosinophilic asthma. However, little is known about contribution B-cells this chronic inflammatory disease. In study we various B-cell populations specific clinical features Methods All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE), a subgroup 154 adult patients and 28 healthy controls were included for characterisation by flow cytometry. Questionnaires, lung function...
There was a growing need for practical guidelines the most common OIs in Germany and Austria under consideration of local epidemiological conditions. The German Austrian AIDS societies developed these between March 2010 November 2011. A structured Medline research performed 12 diseases, namely Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, cerebral toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus manifestations, candidiasis, herpes simplex virus infections, varizella zoster...
Few individuals that are latently infected with M. tuberculosis latent infection(LTBI) progress to active disease. We investigated risk factors for LTBI and pulmonary (PTB) in Germany. Healthy household contacts (HHCs), health care workers (HCWs) exposed PTB patients were recruited at 18 German centres. Interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) testing was performed. evaluated by comparing IGRA-positive IGRA-negative contacts. Risk HHCs. From 2008–2014, 603 HHCs, 295 HCWs 856 PTBs recruited. found...
Despite efforts to improve tuberculosis (TB) detection, limitations in access, quality and timeliness of diagnostic services low- middle-income countries are challenging for current TB diagnostics. This study aimed identify characterise a metabolic profile urine by high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry assess whether the is also detected low-field benchtop NMR spectrometer. We included 189 patients with tuberculosis, 42 pneumococcal pneumonia, 61 individuals infected...
Abstract We studied whether in patients with COPD the use of metformin for diabetes treatment was linked to a pattern lung function decline consistent hypothesis anti-aging effects metformin. Patients GOLD grades 1–4 COSYCONET cohort follow-up data up 4.5 y were included. The annual (FEV 1 , FVC) and CO diffusing capacity (KCO, TLCO) %predicted at baseline evaluated associations age, sex, BMI, pack-years, smoking status, function, exacerbation risk, respiratory symptoms, cardiac disease, as...
Rationale: The strongest genetic risk factor for childhood-onset asthma, the 17q21 locus, is associated with increased viral susceptibility and disease-promoting processes.Objectives: To identify biological targets underlying escalated clinical phenotype mediated by locus.Methods: Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of nasal brush samples from 261 children (78 healthy, 79 wheezing at preschool age, 104 asthmatic) within ALLIANCE (All-Age-Asthma) cohort, a median age 10.0 (range, 1.0–20.0)...
Background: Diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is challenging. Symptoms are unspecific or missing, radiological findings variable and proof mycological evidence limited by the accuracy diagnostic tests. The goal this study was to investigate performance galactomannan (GM), newly formatted Aspergillus-specific lateral-flow-device test (LFD), a number cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples obtained from patients with CPA, respiratory disorders without CPA...
Asthma, obesity and physical activity (PA) are interrelated. However, longitudinal data with objective PA measures direct assessment of body composition still lacking.To study the impact symptom control on composition.In a cohort German Center for Lung Research, we assessed 233 asthma patients 84 healthy controls using bioelectrical impedance analysis. (ie average daily steps time at least moderate activity, steps/min) was measured by accelerometry one week. Asthma ACT score, ACQ-5 score...
Regulation of specific immune responses following exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans and the role regulatory T (Treg) cells control latent infection with M. are incompletely understood. Latent was assayed by an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) healthcare workers regularly exposed (TB) patients household TB contacts Germany. Immunophenotypes bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) mononuclear peripheral blood (PBMCs) were analysed fluorescence-activated cell sorting. All (n=15) had...
Abstract Background MRproANP and COPAVP are prognostic markers for mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, these biomarkers predict due to cardiovascular diseases, which important prognostically determining comorbidities patients with COPD. However, less is known about recently diagnosed mild moderate Therefore, we analyzed as potential predictors of Methods The blood considered were copeptin (COPAVP), midregional adrenomedullin (MRproADM), proatrial naturetic...
The evidence regarding effects of statins on exacerbation risk in COPD remains controversial. Previous studies often excluded patients with cardiovascular comorbidities despite their high prevalence and role for exacerbations. Based the cardioprotective properties statins, we hypothesised that may reduce exacerbations especially comorbidities. One thousand eight hundred eighty seven German cohort COSYCONET (COPD Systemic Consequences Comorbidities Network) GOLD grades 1-4 (37.8% female, mean...
Methadone is metabolized by various isoforms of the cytochrome P450 family, which can be induced many drugs, including nevirapine. The objective present study was to determine effects coadministration nevirapine and methadone on dose-adjusted areas under concentration-time curves (AUCs) racemic (R)-methadone. Twenty-five human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects taking stable single daily doses or (R)-methadone were included in this prospective, single-crossover trial. At baseline,...
Background: Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) used for the treatment of HIV can a cause distal symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy by disruption mitochondrial metabolism. Treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) has shown short-term symptomatic and histological improvement. Long-term effects have not been investigated. Purpose: To assess subjective objective degree antiretroviral toxic neuropathy (ATN) during ALCAR. Method: A cohort 21 patients ATN who commenced...