A5054134077- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Bioactive natural compounds
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
2018-2024
Kyungpook National University Hospital
2015-2020
Kyungpook National University
2007-2016
Abstract Central serotonin (5-HT) is an anorexigenic neurotransmitter in the brain. However, accumulating evidence suggests peripheral 5-HT may affect organismal energy homeostasis. Here we show regulates white and brown adipose tissue function. Pharmacological inhibition of synthesis leads to lipogenesis epididymal (WAT), induction browning inguinal WAT activation adaptive thermogenesis (BAT). Mice with inducible Tph1 KO tissues exhibit a similar phenotype as mice which inhibited...
Recent developments in genome sequencing have expanded the knowledge of genetic factors associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among them, variant ε4 APOE gene (APOE4) confers greatest risk. Dysregulated glucose metabolism is an early pathological feature AD. Using isogenic ApoE3 and ApoE4 astrocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, we find that increases glycolytic activity but impairs mitochondrial respiration astrocytes. Ultrastructural autophagy flux...
Hepatic steatosis is associated with increased insulin resistance and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux, but decreased ketogenesis pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) flux. This study examined whether hepatic PDC activation by inhibition of kinase 2 (PDK2) ameliorates these metabolic abnormalities. Wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited steatosis, resistance, levels pyruvate, TCA intermediates, malonyl-CoA reduced activity due to PDK2 induction. attenuated improved sensitivity,...
Vascular calcification, a pathologic response to defective calcium and phosphate homeostasis, is strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality morbidity. In this study, we have observed that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) upregulated complex phosphorylation increased in calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcified vessels of patients atherosclerosis, suggesting PDK4 plays an important role calcification. Both genetic pharmacological inhibition ameliorated the...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK1-4) are mitochondrial metabolic regulators that serve as decision makers via modulation of pyruvate (PDH) activity to convert either aerobically acetyl-CoA or anaerobically lactate. Metabolic dysregulation and inflammatory processes two sides the same coin in several pathophysiological conditions. The lactic acid surge associated with shift has been implicated diverse painful states. In this study, we investigated role PDK-PDH-lactic axis pathogenesis...
Abstract Hypothalamic inflammation plays an important role in disrupting feeding behavior and energy homeostasis as well the pathogenesis of obesity diabetes. Here, we show that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-2 a hypothalamic its sequelae mouse models Cell type-specific genetic ablation pharmacological inhibition PDK2 astrocytes suggest are involved diabetic phenotype. We also PDK2-lactic acid axis regulatory observed metabolic imbalance primary astrocyte organotypic cultures, through...
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), known to latently infect the host's trigeminal ganglion, can lead severe herpes encephalitis or asymptomatic infection, potentially contributing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that significantly impact viral replication and induce chronic inflammation through NF-κB activation. Nuclear factor E2-related 2 (Nrf2), an oxidative stress regulator, prevent treat HSV-1 infection by activating passive...
Abstract Robust mitochondrial respiration provides energy to support physical performance and physiological well-being, whereas malfunction is associated with various pathologies reduced longevity. In the current study, we tested whether myricetin, a natural flavonol diverse biological activities, may impact function The mice were orally administered myricetin (50 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Myricetin significantly potentiated aerobic capacity in mice, as evidenced by their increased running...
Microglial activation and the resulting neuroinflammation are associated with a variety of brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease. Thus, control microglial is an important factor in development drugs that can treat or prevent inflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders. Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (ARA) has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory effects. However, effects ARA ethanolic extract (ARAE) on microglia-mediated have not...
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) is an NADP
Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and incomplete re-endothelialization is a major clinical problem limiting the long-term efficacy percutaneous coronary angioplasty. We tested if dimethylfumarate (DMF), an anti-psoriasis drug, could inhibit abnormal remodeling via NF−E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity. DMF significantly attenuated neointimal hyperplasia induced by balloon injury in rat carotid arteries suppression G1 to S...
To investigate the effects of LY2405319, an analogue fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), on glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-deficient mice (STZ mice).Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J were administered a single intraperitoneal injection STZ (150 mg/kg). One week later, after confirmation hyperglycaemia, saline or LY2405319 (5 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously daily for 4 weeks. Changes homeostasis, energy metabolism and brown adipose tissue (BAT) function assessed.The...
The excessive accumulation of adipocytes contributes to the development obesity and obesity-related diseases. interactions several transcription factors, such as C/EBPβ, PPARγ, C/EBPα, Nrf2, STAT3, are required for adipogenic differentiation. Dimethylfumarate (DMF), an immune modulator antioxidant, may function inhibitor STAT3 activator Nrf2. This study examined whether DMF inhibits differentiation 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by inhibiting or activating suppressed preadipocyte mature in a...
In fasting or diabetes, gluconeogenic genes are transcriptionally activated by glucagon stimulation of the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)–CREB signaling pathway. Previous work showed pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDK) inhibition in skeletal muscle increases oxidation, which limits availability substrates liver. However, this study found upregulation hepatic PDK4 promoted glucagon-mediated expression genes, whereas knockdown caused opposite effect on gene and decreased glucose production....
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress cause microglia to be abnormally activated in the brain, resulting neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Menthae Herba (MH) has been widely used a medicinal plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties. In this study, we sought evaluate effects of MH on inflammatory response possible molecular mechanisms stimulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Transcriptional translational expression levels proinflammatory...
Ulcerative colitis is one inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and caused by diverse factors, including the extent duration of intestinal inflammation. We investigated effect Acer palmatum thumb. ethanol extract (KIOM-2015E) on expression tight junction proteins levels inflammation in cell model induced with interleukin-6- (IL-6-) mouse dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) acute colitis. KIOM-2015E (100 mg/kg) was orally administered once per day to BALB/C mice administration 5% DSS drinking water. did...
Dyslipidemia-induced atherosclerosis, which has a risk of high morbidity and mortality, can be alleviated by metabolic activation associated with mitochondrial function. The effect dichloroacetate (DCA), general pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor, on in vivo energy expenditure ApoE-/- mice fed western diet (WD) not yet been investigated. WD-fed developed atherosclerotic plaques hyperlipidemia along obesity, were significantly ameliorated DCA administration. Increased oxygen...
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is ubiquitous in many populations despite the use of acyclovir or related nucleoside analogs for treating infection. Drug resistance impairs treatment HSV-infected individuals who have immune deficits, underscoring need new safe and effective antiviral agents. Mori ramulus (the young twig Morus alba L.) has long been used to treat diseases Korea, Japan, China. Recent studies reported multiple pharmacological activities its constituent morusin, but their...
The development of drug-resistant influenza and new pathogenic virus strains underscores the need for antiviral therapeutics. Currently, neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are commonly used drugs approved by US Food Drug Administration (FDA) prevention treatment influenza. Here, we show that vitisin B (VB) inhibits NA activity suppresses H1N1 viral replication in MDCK A549 cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which frequently occur during infection, increase activating NF-κB signaling pathway,...
Yuk-Gunja-Tang (YG) is the Korean traditional medicine in East Asia for gastrointestinal disorders. In present study, we determined protective effects of YG on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells and mice with scopolamine-induced memory impairment. vitro assessments were performed using a cell viability assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting, while vivo C57BL/6 administered 7 days injected scopolamine (1 mg/kg) days. We assessed function Y-maze, novel object...
Angelicae Gigantis Radix (AGR) has been widely used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. The effects of AGR on neuroinflammation have not previously studied detail. In the study presented here, we investigated antineuroinflammatory properties this herb and its mechanism operation. were by measuring production inflammatory factors related enzymes, analyzing expression levels proteins genes involved activity, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. We found that pretreatment...