A5018389530- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Lung Cancer Research Studies
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Head and Neck Cancer Studies
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
The University of Western Australia
2002-2025
Fiona Stanley Hospital
2016-2025
BC Cancer Agency
2007-2023
Cancer Council NSW
2023
The University of Sydney
2023
Ingham Institute
2023
Cancer Council Western Australia
2020
Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital
2014-2018
Stanley Foundation
2017
University of British Columbia
2002-2013
Major issues in the implementation of screening for lung cancer by means low-dose computed tomography (CT) are definition a positive result and management nodules detected on scans. We conducted population-based prospective study to determine factors predicting probability that first CT scans malignant or will be found follow-up.We analyzed data from two cohorts participants undergoing screening. The development set included Pan-Canadian Early Detection Lung Cancer Study (PanCan). validation...
The major sites of obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are small airways (<2 mm diameter). We wanted to determine whether there was a relationship between small-airway and emphysematous destruction COPD.We used multidetector computed tomography (CT) compare the number measuring 2.0 2.5 78 patients who had various stages COPD, as judged by scoring on Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) scale, isolated lungs removed from with COPD underwent...
Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that can be used to optically probe the molecular changes associated with diseased tissues. The objective of our study was explore near-infrared (NIR) for distinguishing tumor from normal bronchial tissue. Bronchial tissue specimens (12 normal, 10 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 6 adenocarcinoma) were obtained patients known or suspected malignancies lung. A rapid-acquisition dispersive-type NIR system studies at 785 nm...
A cancer-associated signaling pathway is reversibly activated in the normal airways of smokers before they develop lung cancer, presenting an opportunity for preventive therapy.
Rationale: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) reduces the potential for smooth muscle–mediated bronchoconstriction by reducing mass of muscle in walls conducting airways.Objectives: This study was conducted to examine safety and impact on lung function airway responsiveness BT over 2 yr.Methods: The studied 16 subjects with mild moderate asthma. Baseline 12-wk post-treatment measurements included spirometry, methacholine challenge, daily diary recordings peak flow, symptoms, medication usage....
Abstract Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging method that can visualize cellular and extracellular structures at below tissue surface. The objective of the study was to determine if OCT could characterize preneoplastic changes in bronchial epithelium identified by autofluorescence bronchoscopy. Experimental Design: A 1.5-mm fiberoptic probe inserted via a bronchoscope into airways 138 volunteer heavy smokers participating chemoprevention trial 10 patients with...
Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to reliably measure the airway wall dimensions of medium large airways. Optical coherence (OCT) is a promising new micron-scale resolution imaging technique that can image small airways 2 mm in diameter or less.To correlate OCT measurements with assessed using CT scans and lung function.Forty-four current former smokers received spirometry, scans, at time bronchoscopy. Specific bronchial segments were identified measured images three-dimensional...
To prospectively assess the safety and effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided placement fiber-coated microcoils used to guide video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical (VATS) excision small peripheral lung nodules, with successful as primary outcome CT-guided microcoil procedural complications secondary outcomes.The institutional review board approved study protocol. Informed consent was obtained from all 69 enrolled patients (30 men, 39 women; mean age, 60.7 years +/- 10.1 [standard...
To describe and characterize the potential for malignancy of noncalcified lung nodules adjacent to fissures that are often found in current or former heavy smokers who undergo computed tomography (CT) cancer screening.Institutional review board approval informed consent were obtained. Baseline follow-up thin-section multidetector CT scans obtained 146 consecutive subjects at high risk (age range, 50-75 years; > 30 pack-year smoking history) retrospectively reviewed. Noncalcified (NCNs)...
Rationale: Molecular phenotyping of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been impeded in part by the difficulty obtaining lung tissue samples from individuals with impaired function.Objectives: We sought to determine whether COPD-associated processes are reflected gene expression profiles bronchial airway epithelial cells obtained bronchoscopy.Methods: Gene profiling brushings 238 current and former smokers without COPD was performed using Affymetrix Human 1.0 ST...
A near-infrared Raman system was developed to collect real-time in vivo human lung spectra. The excitation light and the emission were guided from tissue surface by a reusable fiber catheter passed down instrument channel of bronchoscope. Two-stage filtering used reduce laser noise, fluorescence, emissions fibers. second bundle spectrometer where fibers, round packing geometry, spread out form parabolic arc that improved signal-to-noise ratio 20-fold, facilitating spectral measurements....
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that highly disrupted in response to cigarette smoke and involved a wide spectrum of malignant nonmalignant diseases, but surprisingly not previously assessed small airways patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small are the primary sites airflow obstruction COPD. We sought determine whether patterns airway epithelia COPD, evaluate changes gene expression associated these disruptions. Genome-wide analysis were performed on...
IntroductionLung cancer risk prediction models have the potential to make programs more affordable; however, economic evidence is limited.MethodsParticipants in National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) were retrospectively identified with tool developed from Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Trial. The high-risk subgroup was assessed for lung incidence demographic characteristics compared those low-risk Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Study (PanCan), which an observational study that...
Objective: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as measured by electronic nose (e-nose) have utility biomarkers to detect subjects at risk of having lung cancer a screening setting. We hypothesize that analysis using an e-nose chemo-resistive sensor array could be used tool discriminate patients diagnosed with from high-risk smokers. Methods: Breath samples 191 subjects-25 and 166 smoker control without cancer-were analyzed. For clinical relevancy, both groups were matched for...
Currently the most sensitive method for localizing lung cancers in central airways is autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) combination with white light (WLB). The diagnostic accuracy of WLB + AFB high grade dysplasia (HGD) and carcinoma situ variable depending on physician's experience. When are operated at sensitivity, associated specificity low. Raman spectroscopy probes molecular vibrations gives highly specific, fingerprint-like spectral features has tissue pathology classification. In...
Lung cancer is a major health problem. CT lung screening can reduce mortality through early diagnosis by at least 20%. Screening high-risk individuals most effective. Retrospective analyses suggest that identifying for accurate prediction models more efficient than using categorical age-smoking criteria, such as the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria. This study prospectively compared effectiveness of USPSTF2013 and PLCOm2012 model eligibility
We sought to determine the relationship between lung size and airway in men women of varying stature. also asked if matched for would still have differences so where along pulmonary tree these exist. used computed tomography measure luminal areas large central airways. determined (n = 25) who were age, body mass index, smoking history, function a separate set 10) 11) size. Men had greater values larger airways many When male female subjects pooled there significant associations Within groups...
Abstract Purpose: Preclinical studies suggest that inhaled budesonide may be an effective chemopreventive agent for lung cancer. We conducted a phase IIb study to determine the effects of in smokers with bronchial dysplasia. Experimental Design: A total 112 more than or equal one site dysplasia &gt; 1.2 mm size identified by autofluorescence bronchoscopy-directed biopsy was randomly assigned receive placebo (Pulmicort Turbuhaler) 800 μg twice daily inhalation 6 months. The primary end...
Lung cancer screening with computerised tomography holds promise, but optimising the balance of benefits and harms via selection a high risk population is critical. PLCO m2012 logistic regression model based on U.S. data, incorporating sociodemographic health factors, which predicts 6‐year lung among ever‐smokers, thus may better predict those who might benefit from than criteria solely age smoking history. We aimed to validate performance in predicting outcomes cohort Australian smokers....
Rationale: The NLST (National Lung Screening Trial) reported a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomography screening; however, important questions on how to optimize screening remain, including which selection criteria are most accurate at detecting cancers and what nodule management protocol is efficient. PLCOm2012 (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal Ovarian) Cancer Trial 6-year PanCan (Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Cancer) malignancy risk models two the better...