A5022252584- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Synthesis and biological activity
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Microscopic Colitis
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Firmenich (Switzerland)
2024
University of Rostock
2024
Universitätsmedizin Rostock
2023
University of Basel
2018-2022
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2007-2017
Freie Universität Berlin
2000-2016
German Rheumatism Research Centre
2016
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene
2006-2014
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2009-2012
New York University
2012
Antibiotics, though remarkably useful, can also cause certain adverse effects. We detected that treatment of adult mice with antibiotics decreases hippocampal neurogenesis and memory retention. Reconstitution normal gut flora (SPF) did not completely reverse the deficits in unless had access to a running wheel or received probiotics. In parallel an increase retention, both SPF-reconstituted ran supplemented probiotics exhibited higher numbers Ly6Chi monocytes brain than antibiotic-treated...
Abstract Oral infection of susceptible mice with Toxoplasma gondii results in Th1-type immunopathology the ileum. We investigated gut flora changes during ileitis and determined contributions bacteria to intestinal inflammation. Analysis microflora revealed that was accompanied by increasing bacterial load, decreasing species diversity, translocation. Gram-negative identified as Escherichia coli Bacteroides/Prevotella spp. accumulated inflamed ileum at high concentrations. Prophylactic or...
Background The health beneficial effects of Resveratrol, Curcumin and Simvastatin have been demonstrated in various experimental models inflammation. We investigated the potential anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory mechanisms above mentioned compounds a murine model hyper-acute Th1-type ileitis following peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we show that after administration or Simvastatin, mice were protected from development survived acute phase...
Background Although Campylobacter jejuni-infections have a high prevalence worldwide and represent significant socioeconomic burden, it is still not well understood how C. jejuni causes intestinal inflammation. Detailed investigation of jejuni-mediated immunopathology hampered by the lack appropriate vertebrate models. In particular, mice display colonization resistance against this pathogen. Methodology/Principal Findings To overcome these limitations we developed novel jejuni-infection...
Antibiotics disturbing microbiota are often used in treatment of poststroke infections. A bidirectional brain-gut axis was recently suggested as a modulator nervous system diseases. We hypothesized that gut may be an important player the course stroke.We investigated outcome focal cerebral ischemia C57BL/6J mice after 8-week decontamination with quintuple broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail. These microbiota-depleted animals were subjected to 60 minutes middle artery occlusion or sham...
The rapid outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China followed by its spread around world poses a serious global concern for public health. To this date, no specific drugs or vaccines are available to treat SARS-CoV-2 despite close relation SARS-CoV virus that caused similar epidemic 2003. Thus, there remains an urgent need identification and development antiviral therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. conquer viral infections, inhibition proteases...
Peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii leads to the development of small intestinal inflammation dependent on Th1 cytokines. The role Th17 cells in ileitis is unknown. We report interleukin (IL)-23–mediated gelatinase A (matrixmetalloproteinase [MMP]-2) up-regulation ileum infected mice. MMP-2 deficiency as well therapeutic or prophylactic selective blockage protected mice from T. gondii–induced immunopathology. Moreover, IL-23–dependent IL-22 was essential for ileitis, whereas IL-17...
<h3>Background</h3> The bacterial microflora aggravates graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, but the underlying mechanisms of manifestations intestinal GvHD (iGvHD) in gut remain poorly understood. <h3>Aim</h3> To analyse flora composition and impact sensing via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) iGvHD. <h3>Methods</h3> By mimicking clinical low-intensity conditioning regimens used humans, a novel irradiation independent, treosulfan cyclophosphamide-based...
BackgroundGut bacteria trigger colitis in animal models and are suspected to aggravate inflammatory bowel diseases. We have recently reported that Escherichia coli accumulates murine ileitis exacerbates small intestinal inflammation via Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.Methodology Principal FindingsBecause knowledge on shifts the microflora during is limited, we performed a global survey of colon flora C57BL/10 wild-type (wt), TLR2-/-, TLR4-/-, TLR2/4-/- mice treated for seven days with...
In the course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and acute murine ileitis following peroral Toxoplasma gondii infection, commensal Escherichia coli accumulate at inflamed mucosal sites aggravate small intestinal immunopathology.To unravel molecular mechanisms by which E exacerbate ileitis.Ileitis was investigated in mice that lack Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 or 4, specific for bacterial lipoproteins (LP) lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively. Gnotobiotic mice, any cultivable gut bacteria...
Parasitic nematodes are potent modulators of immune reactivity in mice and men. Intestinal live close contact with commensal gut bacteria, provoke biased Th2 responses upon infection, subsequently lead to changes physiology. We hypothesized that murine nematode infection is associated distinct the intestinal bacterial microbiota composition. here studied inflammatory following hookworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri applied cultural molecular techniques quantitatively assess ileum, cecum...
SummaryObjectivesTo assess the impact of a personalized diet, with or without addition VSL#3 preparation, on biomarkers inflammation, nutrition, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in 62 healthy persons aged 65–85 years.DesignOpen label, randomized, multicenter study. Primary endpoint: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein.SettingCommunity.InterventionsEight week web-based dietary advice (RISTOMED platform) alone supplementation (2 capsules per day). The RISTOMED diet was optimized to...
Background The zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne enterocolitis in humans worldwide. understanding immunopathology underlying human campylobacteriosis hampered by the fact that mice display strong colonization resistance against due to their host specific gut microbiota composition. Methodology/Principal Findings Since composition changes significantly during intestinal inflammation we dissected factors contributing C. murine ileitis, colitis and...
Background Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne bacterial enterocolitis worldwide. Investigation immunopathology hampered by lack suitable vertebrate models. We have recently shown that gnotobiotic mice as well conventional IL-10−/− animals are susceptible to C. infection and develop intestinal immune responses. However, clinical symptoms were rather subtle did not reflect acute bloody diarrhea seen in human campylobacteriosis. Methodology/Principal Findings In order overcome...
Background Gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation in mice and men are frequently accompanied by distinct changes of the GI microbiota composition at sites inflammation. Helicobacter (H.) pylori infection results gastric immunopathology colonization stomachs with bacterial species, which usually restricted to lower intestine. Potential shifts distal inflammatory process following long-term H. infection, however, have not been studied so far. Methodology/Principal Findings For first time, we...
Background Postmortem microbiological examinations are performed in forensic and medical pathology for defining uncertain causes of deaths screening deceased tissue donors. Interpretation bacteriological data, however, is hampered by false-positive results due to agonal spread microorganisms, postmortem bacterial translocation, environmental contamination. Methodology/Principal Findings We a kinetic survey naturally occurring gut flora changes the small large intestines conventional...
Abstract It is not yet clear whether intestinal mucosal permeability changes with advancing age in humans. This question of high importance for drug and nutrition approaches older adults. Our main objective was to answer the if small barrier integrity deteriorates healthy aging. We conducted a cross‐sectional study including pooled data 215 nonsmoking adults (93 female/122 male), 84 whom were aged between 60 82 years. After 12‐h fast, all participants ingested 10 g lactulose 5 mannitol....
The rapid outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China followed by its spread around world poses a serious global concern for public health with almost 90000 people infected and thousands fatalities. To conquer viral infections, inhibition proteases essential proteolytic processing polyproteins is conventional therapeutic strategy. this date, no specific drugs or vaccines are available to treat SARS-CoV-2 despite close relation SARS-CoV-1 virus...
Campylobacter (C.) jejuni is among the leading bacterial agents causing enterocolitis worldwide. Despite high prevalence of C. infections and its significant medical economical consequences, intestinal pathogenesis poorly understood. This mainly due to lack appropriate animal models. In age 3 months, adult mice display strong colonization resistance (CR) against jejuni. Previous studies underlined substantial role murine microbiota in maintaining CR. Due fact that host-specific gut flora...
Background Although Campylobacter jejuni infections have a high prevalence worldwide and represent significant socioeconomic burden, the underlying molecular mechanisms of induced intestinal immunopathology are still not well understood. We recently generated C. mutant strain NCTC11168::cj0268c, which has been shown to be involved in cellular adhesion invasion. The immunopathological impact this gene, however, investigated vivo so far. Methodology/Principal Findings Gnotobiotic IL-10...
Following peroral Toxoplasma (T.) gondii infection, susceptible mice develop acute ileitis due to a microbiota-dependent Th1 type immunopathology. Toll-like-receptor (TLR)-9 is known recognize bacterial DNA and mediates intestinal inflammation, but its impact on microbiota composition extra-intestinal sequelae following T. infection has not yet been elucidated. Seven days (p.i.) with 100 cysts of ME49 strain, TLR-9-/- wildtype (WT) suffered from comparable ileitis, whereas ileal parasitic...
Background The neuropeptide Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) plays pivotal roles in immunity and inflammation. So far, potential immune-modulatory properties of PACAP have not been investigated experimental ileitis. Methodology/Principal Findings Mice were perorally infected with Toxoplasma (T.) gondii to induce acute ileitis (day 0) treated daily synthetic PACAP38 from day 1 6 post infection (p.i.; prophylaxis) or 4 p.i. (therapy). Whereas placebo-treated control...
It is not yet clear whether intestinal mucosal permeability changes with advancing age in humans. This question of high importance for drug and nutrition approaches older adults. Our main objective was to answer the if small barrier integrity deteriorates healthy aging. We conducted a cross-sectional study including pooled data 215 nonsmoking adults (93 female/122 male), 84 whom were aged between 60 82 years. After 12-h fast, all participants ingested 10 g lactulose 5 mannitol. Urine...