A5075737156- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
University of Graz
2022-2024
BioTechMed-Graz
2016-2023
Medical University of Graz
2016-2021
Graz University of Technology
2012-2016
Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Austria)
2012-2015
University of Groningen
2012
RWTH Aachen University
2012
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology
2012
There is evidence that the gut microbiota plays a major role in pathogenesis of diseases central nervous system through gut-brain axis. The aim present study was to analyze composition bipolar disorder (BD) and its relation inflammation, serum lipids, oxidative stress, tryptophan (TRP)/kynurenine (KYN) levels, anthropometric measurements parameters metabolic syndrome. Further, microbial community differences individuals with BD compared healthy controls (HC) were explored.In this...
Summary Background Faecal microbiota transplantation is an experimental approach for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. Although there growing evidence that faecal effective in this disease, factors affecting its response are unknown. Aims To establish a protocol colitis patients, and to investigate which patient or donor responsible success. Methods This open controlled trial repeated after antibiotic pre‐treatment ( FMT ‐group, n = 17) vs only AB 10) 27 therapy refractory...
Increased gut permeability causes the trespass of antigens into blood stream which leads to inflammation. Gut reflected by serum zonulin and diversity microbiome were investigated in this cross-sectional study involving female participants with different activity BMI levels.102 women included (BMI range 13.24-46.89 kg m-2): Anorexia nervosa patients (n = 17), athletes 20), normal weight 25), overweight 21) obese 19). DNA was extracted from stool samples subjected 16S rRNA gene analysis...
Sphagnum-dominated bogs represent a unique yet widely distributed type of terrestrial ecosystem and strongly contribute to global biosphere functioning. Sphagnum is colonized by highly diverse microbial communities, but less known about their function. We identified high functional diversity within the microbiome applying an Illumina-based metagenomic approach followed de novo assembly MG-RAST annotation. An interenvironmental comparison revealed that harbours specific genetic features...
Fungi constitute an important part of the human microbiota and they play a significant role for health disease development. Advancements made in culture-independent analysis microbial communities have broadened our understanding mycobiota, however, tools been mainly developed bacteria (e.g., targeting 16S rRNA gene) often fall short if applied to fungal marker-gene based investigations (i.e., internal transcribed spacers, ITS). In current paper we discuss all major steps amplicon starting...
The skin microbiota plays a prominent role in health and disease; however, its contribution to tumorigenesis is not well understood. We comparatively assessed the microbial community compositions from excision specimens of main human non-melanoma cancers, actinic keratosis (AK), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) basal (BCC). Keratinocyte tumors are characterized by significantly different compositions, wherein AK SCC more similar each other than BCC. Notably, SCC, which represents advanced tumor...
Whether the presence of Candida spp. in lower respiratory tract (LRT) secretions is a marker underlying disease, intensive care unit (ICU) treatment and antibiotic therapy or contributes to poor clinical outcome unclear. We investigated healthy controls, patients with proposed risk factors for growth LRT (antibiotic therapy, ICU without therapy), pneumonia candidemic (for comparison truly invasive colonizing spp.). Fungal patterns were determined by conventional culture based microbiology...
Antibiotic therapy is a major risk factor for the development of diarrhea and colitis with varying severity. Often origin antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal deterioration remains elusive no specific infectious agents could be discerned.We represent three cases intractable high-volume associated combined antibiotic steroid in critically ill patients not fitting into established disease entities. Cases presented severe apoptotic enterocolitis resembling acute intestinal...
Corpus-dominant lymphocytic gastritis (LyG) is characterized by CD8+ T-cell infiltration of the stomach epithelium a so far uncharacterized mechanism. Although Helicobacter pylori typically undetectable in LyG, patients respond to H. antibiotic eradication therapy, suggesting non-H. microbial trigger for disease. Comparative microbiota analysis specimens from and healthy controls precluded involvement LyG but identified Propionibacterium acnes as possible disease trigger. In addition,...
Campylobacter fetus are important animal and human pathogens the two major subspecies differ strikingly in pathogenicity. C. subsp. venerealis is highly niche-adapted, mainly infecting genital tract of cattle. has a wider host-range, colonizing genital- intestinal-tract animals humans. We report complete genomic sequence 84-112 comparisons to genome 82-40. Functional analysis genes predicted be involved virulence was performed. The syntenic with 92% identity but larger an extra-chromosomal...
Abstract Klebsiella spp. that secrete the DNA-alkylating enterotoxin tilimycin colonize human intestinal tract. Numbers of toxigenic bacteria increase during antibiotic use, and resulting accumulation in lumen damages epithelium via genetic instability apoptosis. Here we examine impact this genotoxin on gut ecosystem. 16S rRNA sequencing faecal samples from mice colonized with oxytoca strains mechanistic analyses show is a pro-mutagenic affecting multiple phyla. Transient synthesis murine...
Abstract ATGL is a key enzyme in intracellular lipolysis and plays an important role metabolic cardiovascular diseases. tightly regulated by known set of protein-protein interaction partners with activating or inhibiting functions the control lipolysis. Here, we use deep mutational protein perturbation scanning generate comprehensive profiles single amino acid variants that affect interactions its regulatory partners: CGI-58, G0S2, PLIN1, PLIN5 CIDEC. Twenty-three yield specific pattern when...
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Probiotics and synbiotics have been shown to improve symptoms of IBS, although mechanisms action are currently not understood. We investigated the effects 4-week oral synbiotic treatment (OMNi-BiOTiC® Stress Repair) in ten IBS-D patients on mucosal fecal microbiota, mucosa-associated immune cells, short-chain fatty acids. The upper lower tracts were compared before after using endoscopic...
The co-evolution of the gut microbiota with its human host has revolutionized our current scientific viewpoint about contribution diet and lifestyle on health. Most studies so far have focused populations living in United States Europe or compared those communities from other geographic areas world. In order to determine taxonomic predicted functional profile microbiome a hitherto unstudied community, we investigated phylogenetic diversity community Fulani nomadic pastoralists, their...
Clinical interventions in the stomach have been linked to fecal microbiota alterations, suggesting a function of gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. We sought determine taxonomic bacterial biogeography upper GI tract, including different sites within human (cardia, corpus, and antrum), adjacent upstream (esophagus) downstream (duodenum) locations, luminal contents (aspirate), as well whole-stomach samples from mice gerbils. Qualitative quantitative DNA- RNA-based analyses were combined study...
Introduction: Treatment-refractory, acute graft- versus-host disease (GvHD) of the lower gastrointestinal tract (GI) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is life threatening and lacks effective treatment options. While fecal microbiota (FMT) was shown to ameliorate GI-GvHD, its mechanisms action factors influencing response in humans remain unclear. The objective this study assess FMT treatment, response, mucosal immune composition treatment-refractory GI-GvHD. Methods:...
Christoph Steininger and colleagues explore how multiple infectious, autoimmune, metabolic, neoplastic diseases have been associated with changes in the intestinal microbiome, although a cause-effect relationship is often difficult to establish. Integration of metagenomics into clinical medicine challenge, authors highlight approaches that are high priority for useful medical application metagenomics. Please see later article Editors' Summary.
Mutational events as well the selection of optimal variant are essential steps in evolution living organisms. The same principle is used laboratory to extend natural biodiversity obtain better catalysts for applications biomanufacturing or improved biopharmaceuticals. Furthermore, single mutation genes drug-metabolizing enzymes can also result dramatic changes pharmacokinetics. These a major cause patient-specific drug responses and are, therefore, molecular basis personalized medicine....
Molecular techniques including the sequencing of fungal-specific DNA targets are increasingly used in diagnosis suspected invasive fungal infections. In contrast to established biomarkers like galactomannan or 1-3-β-d-glucan, clinical impact these methods remains unknown. We retrospectively investigated ITS1-sequencing on antifungal treatment strategies 71 patients (81 samples) with ITS-sequencing either confirmed already ongoing therapy (19/71 patients, 27%), led a change (11/71, 15%)...
Abstract ATGL is the key enzyme in intracellular lipolysis playing a critical role metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. tightly regulated through known set of protein-protein interaction partners with activating or inhibiting functions control lipolysis. However, binding mode protein sites its are unknown. Using deep mutational perturbation scanning we generated comprehensive profiles single amino acid variants effecting interactions regulatory partners: CGI-58, G0S2, PLIN1, PLIN5 CIDEC....