A5065745367- Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
- Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Markov Chains and Monte Carlo Methods
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling
- Diffusion and Search Dynamics
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Hepatitis C virus research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
The Institute of Statistical Mathematics
2014-2023
Japan Science and Technology Agency
2009-2017
Research Organization of Information and Systems
2013
Nagoya City University
2005-2010
University of Oxford
2008-2009
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI
2008
Nippon Soken (Japan)
2008
The University of Tokyo
2008
University of Edinburgh
2008
University of Chicago
2008
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) of a novel genotype (J) was recovered from an 88-year-old Japanese patient with hepatocellular carcinoma who had history residing in Borneo during the World War II. It divergent eight human (A to H) and four ape (chimpanzee, gorilla, gibbon, orangutan) HBV genotypes, as well recently proposed ninth I, by 9.9 16.5% entire genomic sequence did not have evidence recombination any nine genotypes nonhuman genotypes. Based on comparison nucleotide against 1,440 isolates...
Analysis of microbiota in various biological and environmental samples under a variety conditions has recently become more practical due to remarkable advances next-generation sequencing. Changes leading specific states including some the complex diseases can now be characterized with relative ease. It is known that gut involved pathogenesis inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mainly Crohn's ulcerative colitis, exhibiting symptoms gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies also showed increased...
The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of biology encoded therein requires knowledge function each gene. Currently, in this area is still limited. Several lines investigation have been used to elucidate structure and genes genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as varieties transcripts may vary great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture complete functional...
A major goal of current human genome-wide studies is to identify the genetic basis complex disorders. However, availability an unbiased, reliable, cost efficient and comprehensive methodology analyze entire genome for disease association still largely lacking or problematic. Therefore, we have developed a practical strategy whole diseases by charting at 100 kb intervals using collection 27 039 microsatellites DNA pooling method in three successive genomic screens independent case–control...
Major construction and initial-phase operation of a second-generation gravitational-wave detector KAGRA has been completed. The entire 3-km is installed underground in mine order to be isolated from background seismic vibrations on the surface. This allows us achieve good sensitivity at low frequencies high stability detector. Bare-bones equipment for interferometer first test run was accomplished March April 2016 with rather simple configuration. initial configuration named {\it iKAGRA}. In...
Goats (Capra hircus) are one of the oldest domesticated species, and they kept all over world as an essential resource for meat, milk, fiber. Although recent archeological molecular biological studies suggested that originated in West Asia, their domestication processes such timing population expansion dynamics selection pressures little known. With aim addressing these issues, nearly complete mitochondrial protein-encoding genes were determined from East, Southeast, South Asian populations....
The Asian black bear Ursus thibetanus is widely distributed in Asia and adapted to broad-leaved deciduous forests, playing an important ecological role the natural environment. Several subspecies of U. have been recognized, one which, Japanese bear, archipelago. Recent molecular phylogeographic studies clarified that this genetically distantly related continental subspecies, suggesting earlier origin. However, evolutionary relationship between remained unclear. To understand evolution...
Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a likelihood-free approach for inferences based on rejection algorithm method that applies tolerance of dissimilarity between summary statistics from observed and simulated data. Although several improvements to the have been proposed, none these avoid following two sources approximation: 1) lack sufficient statistics: sampling not true posterior density given data but an approximate statistics; 2) non-zero tolerance: achieved only in limit zero...
The Ryukyu Islands are located to the southwest of Japanese Archipelago.Archaeological evidence has revealed existence prehistoric cultural differentiation between northern islands Amami and Okinawa, southern Miyako Yaeyama.To examine a genetic subdivision in Islands, we conducted genome-wide SNP typing inhabitants from Okinawa Yaeyama Islands.Principal component cluster analyses Miyako, as well more recent migration Islands.No affinity was observed aboriginal Taiwanese any populations.The...
KAGRA is a second-generation interferometric gravitational-wave detector with 3-km arms constructed at Kamioka, Gifu in Japan. It now its final installation phase, which we call bKAGRA (baseline KAGRA), scientific observations expected to begin late 2019. One of the advantages underground location least 200 m below ground surface, brings small seismic motion low frequencies and high stability detector. Another advantage that it cools down sapphire test mass mirrors cryogenic temperatures...
We can directly sample from the conditional distribution of any log-affine model. The algorithm is a Markov chain on bounded integer lattice, and its transition probability ratio UMVUE (uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator) expected counts to total number counts. computation accounts for most computational cost, which makes implementation challenging. Here, we investigated an approximate that replaces with MLE (maximum likelihood estimator). Although it generally not exact,...
In this report, we compare the differences between various site- and haplotype-frequency tests in their power to detect positive selection by doing computer simulations. Our results are following. 1) Although that conditional on number of haplotypes (K) were developed for nonrecombining haplotypes, these insensitive recombination. Such tests, including Ewens-Watterson (EW) test, can therefore be applied recombining haplotypes. 2) Tests segregating sites (S) become overly conservative...
Abstract The effect of directional selection on the fixation process a single mutation that spreads in multigene family by gene conversion is investigated. A simple two-locus model with two alleles, and a, first considered random-mating diploid population size N. There are four haplotypes, AA, Aa, aA, aa, works number alleles diplod (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4). Because allowed between loci, when rate very low, either AA or aa will fix eventually. We consider situation where mutant, A, arises one...
Various hypotheses for the peopling of Japanese archipelago have been proposed, which can be classified into three models: transformation, replacement, and hybridization. In recent years, one hybridization models ("dual-structure model") has widely accepted. According to this model, Neolithic hunter-gatherers known as Jomon, who are assumed originated in southeast Asia lived greater than 10,000 years ago, admixed with an agricultural people Yayoi, whom were migrants from East Asian continent...
Summary Crohn's disease (CD), a type of chronic inflammatory bowel (IBD), is commonly found in European and East Asian countries. The calculated heritability CD appears to be higher than that ulcerative colitis (UC), another IBD. Recent genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more thirty CD‐associated genes/regions the population. In population, however, clear between an associated gene has only been detected with TNFSF15 . order determine if susceptibility differs...
Abstract Recent studies of microbial biogeography have revealed the global distribution cosmopolitans and dispersal regional endemics, but little is known about how these processes are affected by evolution. Here, we compared DNA sequences from snow/glacier algae found in an 8000-year-old ice a glacier central Asia with those modern snow samples collected at 34 globally distributed sites poles mid-latitudes, to determine evolutionary relationship between cosmopolitan endemic phylotypes...
Abstract: Reviews of microsatellite markers in the human leukocyte antigen region have been very useful addressing needs immunogenetics community. Nevertheless, characterization same loci different laboratories can lead to seemingly contradictory results, particularly terms nomenclature. Here we provide an update previous reports, as well a standardized primers for microsatellites located within major histocompatibility complex (MHC). A uniform and extended inventory 378 primer pairs from...
Risk alleles for complex diseases are widely spread throughout human populations. However, little is known about the geographic distribution and frequencies of risk alleles, which may contribute to differences in disease susceptibility prevalence among Here, we focus on Crohn's (CD) as a model evolutionary study alleles. Recent genome-wide association studies classical linkage analyses have identified more than 70 susceptible genomic regions CD Europeans, but only few been confirmed...
During the past decade, considerable efforts and resources have been devoted to elucidating multiple genetic environmental determinants responsible for hypertension its associated cardiovascular diseases. The success of positional cloning, fine mapping, linkage analysis based on whole-genome screening, however, has limited in identifying affecting diseases, suggesting that new research strategies genome-wide typing may be helpful. Disease association (case-control) studies using...