Successful pregnancy requires an appropriate communication between the mother and embryo. Recently, exosomes microvesicles, both membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in oviduct fluid have been proposed as key modulators of this unique cross-talk. However, little is known about their content role during oviduct-embryo dialog. Given differences secretions by vivo vitro epithelial cells (OEC), we aimed at deciphering EVs protein from sources. Moreover, analyzed functional effect...

ABSTRACT By differential screening of a Xenopus laevis egg cDNA library, we have isolated 2,111 bp which corresponds to maternal mRNA specifically deadenylated after fertilisation. This cDNA, called Eg2, encodes 407 amino acid protein kinase. The pEg2 sequence shows significant identity with members new kinase sub-family includes Aurora from Drosophila and Ipl1 (increase in ploidy-1) budding yeast, enzymes involved centrosome migration chromosome segregation, respectively. A single 46 kDa...

We have previously reported on the cloning of XlEg5, a <i>Xenopus laevis</i> kinesin-related protein from the<i>bimC</i> family (Le Guellec, R., Paris, J., Couturier, A., Roghi, C., and Philippe, M. (1991) <i>Mol. Cell. Biol.</i> 11, 3395–3408) as well pEg2, an Aurora-related serine/threonine kinase (Roghi, Giet, Uzbekov, Morin, N., Chartrain, I., Le Dorée, M., Prigent, C. (1998) <i>J. Cell Sci.</i> 111, 557–572). Inhibition either XlEg5 or pEg2 activity during mitosis in <i>Xenopus</i> egg...

The success of early reproductive events depends on an appropriate communication between gametes/embryos and the oviduct. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contained in oviductal secretions have been suggested as new players mediating this crucial cross-talk by transferring their cargo (proteins, mRNA small ncRNA) from cell to cell. However, little is known about EVs (oEVS) composition implications success. aim study was determine oEVs content at protein, RNA level examine whether under hormonal...

Oocyte meiotic maturation requires energy from various substrates including glucose, amino acids, and lipids. Mitochondrial fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation (FAO) in the oocyte is required for maturation, which accompanied by differential expression of numerous genes involved FAs metabolism surrounding cumulus cells (CCs) vivo. The objective was to elucidate components CCs during maturation. Twenty-seven related lipogenesis, lipolysis, FA transport, FAO were chosen comparative transcriptome...

Nanodiamonds (NDs) with color centers are excellent emitters for various bioimaging and quantum biosensing applications. In our work, we explore new applications of NDs silicon-vacancy (SiV) obtained by high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthesis based on metal-catalyst-free growth. They coated a polypeptide biopolymer, which is essential efficient cellular uptake. The unique optical properties SiV their high photostability narrow emission in the near-infrared region. Our results...

Cumulus cells (CC) surround the oocyte and are coupled metabolically through regulation of nutrient intake. CC removal before in vitro maturation (IVM) decreases bovine developmental competence without affecting nuclear meiotic maturation. The objective was to investigate influence on cytoplasmic relation energy metabolism. IVM with either cumulus-enclosed (CEO) or -denuded (DO) oocytes performed serum-free optimized medium. Transmission electron microscopy revealed different distribution...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic cellular complex that responsible for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. To understand BBBs key and molecular mechanisms, in vitro models combining endothelial cells astrocytes can be used to reproduce most barriers vivo features (low paracellular permeability expression specific transporters). However, these lack pericytes - poorly characterized cell type which appears crucial importance function healthy diseased states. present study sought...

Superparamagnetic carbon-encapsulated iron carbide nanoparticles have been synthesized and tested for cytotoxicity.

High polyspermy is one of the major limitations porcine invitro fertilisation (IVF). The addition oviductal fluid (OF) during IVF reduces without decreasing rate. Because extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been described as important OF components, aim this study was to evaluate effect EVs (poEVs) on efficiency compared with (fresh and lyophilised). collected from abattoir oviducts by phosphate-buffered saline flush, poEVs were isolated serial ultracentrifugation. Four treatments conducted:...

The mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) egress, similar to those other coronaviruses, remain poorly understood. virus buds in intracellular compartments and is therefore thought be released by the biosynthetic secretory pathway. However, several studies have recently challenged this hypothesis. It has been suggested that including SARS-CoV-2, use lysosomes for egress. In addition, a focused ion-beam scanning electron microscope (FIB/SEM) study existence...

Centrioles are subcellular organelles essential for normal cell function and development; they form the cell's centrosome (a major cytoplasmic microtubule organization center) cilium sensory motile hair-like cellular extension). with evolutionarily conserved characteristics found in most animal types but absent egg cells exhibit unexpectedly high structural, compositional, functional diversity sperm cells. As a result, centriole's precise role fertility early embryo development is unclear....

Large dsDNA viruses from the Naldaviricetes class are currently composed of four viral families infecting insects and/or crustaceans. Since 1970s, particles described as filamentous (FVs) have been observed by electronic microscopy in several species Hymenoptera parasitoids but until recently, no genomic data was available. This study provides first comparative morphological and analysis these FVs. We analyzed genomes seven FVs, six which were newly obtained, to gain a better understanding...

Maturation of immature bovine oocytes requires cytoplasmic polyadenylation and synthesis a number proteins involved in meiotic progression metaphase-II arrest. Aurora serine-threonine kinases—localized centrosomes, chromosomes, midbody—regulate chromosome segregation cytokinesis somatic cells. In frog mouse oocytes, A regulates polyadenylation-dependent translation several mRNAs such as MOS CCNB1, presumably by phosphorylating CPEB, B phosphorylates histone H3 during meiosis. We analyzed the...

Recent studies have suggested that nuclear lipid droplets (LDs) are organized into domains similar to those of cytoplasmic LDs. As LDs formed at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, which is structurally continuous with envelope, it could be however cytoplamic trapped within an invagination envelope. The resolution fluorescence confocal microscopy not sufficiently high exclude this hypothesis.We therefore addressed question by electron (EM) serial sections. In human liver tissue, we...

The disappointing clinical outcomes of neuroprotectants challenge the relevance preclinical stroke models and data in defining early cerebrovascular events as potential therapeutic targets. kinetics blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage after reperfusion link with parenchymal lesion remain debated. By using vivo vitro approaches, we conducted a kinetic analysis BBB dysfunction during reperfusion. After 60 minutes middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by times up to 24 hours mice,...

Oviductal extracellular vesicles (oEVs) have been identified as important components of the oviductal fluid (OF) and pointed to key modulators gamete/embryo-maternal interactions. Here, we determined functional impact oEVs on embryo development embryonic transcriptome in porcine. Experiment 1 examined effect OF development. In vitro-produced embryos were cultured with or for 2 7 days using an vitro sequential system without supplementation (control). analyzed transcriptomic alterations...

Centrosome formation during early development in mice and rats occurs due to the appearance of centrioles de novo. In contrast, humans other non-rodent mammals, are thought be derived from spermatozoa. Ultrastructural study zygotes embryos cattle at full series ultrathin sections show that proximal centriole spermatozoon disappears by end first cleavage division. Centrioles appear two four cell fertilized oocytes parthenogenetic embryos. Centriole includes atypical with randomly arranged...

Rhodamine 123 staining and electron microscopy were used to reveal a correlation between the ultrastructural functional state of cultured cerebellar granule cells after short glutamate treatment. Glutamate exposure (15 min, 100 μM) in Mg 2+ ‐free solution caused considerable alterations cell: clumping chromatin, swelling endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria, disruption mitochondrial cristae. After treatment, mitochondria neurons lost their ability sequester rhodamine 123. Both N ‐methyl‐ d...

Follicular fluid (FF) fills the interior portion of ovarian antral follicle and provides a suitable microenvironment for growth enclosed oocyte, through molecular factors that originate from plasma secretions follicular cells. FF contains extracellular nanovesicles (ffEVs), including 30–100 nm membrane-coated exosomes, which carry different types RNA, proteins lipids directly influence oocyte competence to develop embryo. In present study, we aimed i) characterize protein cargo EVs 3–6 mm...

Oviductal extracellular vesicles (oEVs) have been proposed as key modulators of gamete/embryo maternal interactions. The aim this study was to examine the metabolite content oEVs and its regulation across estrous cycle in cattle. EVs were isolated from bovine oviducts ipsilateral contralateral ovulation at four stages (post-ovulatory stage, early late luteal phases, pre-ovulatory stage). metabolomic profiling performed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). NMR identified...