A5039860796- Selenium in Biological Systems
- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Trace Elements in Health
- Engineering and Environmental Studies
- Industrial Engineering and Technologies
- Mining and Gasification Technologies
- Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Coal and Coke Industries Research
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Organoselenium and organotellurium chemistry
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
- Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Socioeconomic and Demographic Analysis
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
World Meteorological Organization
2024
International Academy of Ecology, Human and Nature Safety
2017-2024
Energy Institute
2024
Institute of Cell Biophysics
1999-2022
Russian Academy of Sciences
1999-2013
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2001-2009
National Cancer Institute
2005-2007
University of California, Los Angeles
2007
Joint Genome Institute
2007
Sorbonne Université
2007
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well the structure, assembly, and function of eukaryotic flagella (cilia), which were inherited common ancestor animals, but lost in plants. We sequenced ∼120-megabase nuclear genome performed comparative phylogenomic analyses, identifying genes encoding uncharacterized proteins that are likely associated...
In the genetic code, UGA serves as a stop signal and selenocysteine codon, but no computational methods for identifying its coding function are available. Consequently, most selenoprotein genes misannotated. We identified in sequenced mammalian genomes by that rely on identification of insertion RNA structures, potential codons, presence cysteine-containing homologs. The human selenoproteome consists 25 selenoproteins.
A thiol/disulfide oxidoreductase component of the GSH system, glutaredoxin (Grx), is involved in reduction GSH-based mixed disulfides and participates a variety cellular redox pathways. single cytosolic Grx (Grx1) was previously described mammals. We now report identification characterization second mammalian Grx, designated Grx2. Grx2 exhibited 36% identity with Grx1 had disulfide active center containing Cys-Ser-Tyr-Cys motif. encoded genomes mammals birds expressed cell types. The gene...
Selenium is an essential trace element in many life forms due to its occurrence as a selenocysteine (Sec) residue selenoproteins. The majority of mammalian selenoproteins, however, have no known function. Herein, we performed extensive sequence similarity searches define and characterize new protein family, designated Rdx, that includes selenoproteins SelW, SelV, SelT SelH, bacterial SelW-like proteins cysteine-containing unknown function all three domains life. An additional member this...
Thioredoxin reductases (TRs) are important redox regulatory enzymes, which control the state of thioredoxins. Mammals have cytosolic and mitochondrial TRs, contain an essential selenocysteine residue reduce In addition, thioredoxin/glutathione reductase (TGR) was identified, is a fusion N-terminal glutaredoxin domain TR module. Here we show that TGR expressed at low levels in various tissues but accumulates testes after puberty. The protein particularly abundant elongating spermatids site...
Selenium is essential in mammalian embryonic development. However, adults, selenoprotein levels several organs including liver can be substantially reduced by selenium deficiency without any apparent change phenotype. To address the role of selenoproteins function, mice homozygous for a floxed allele encoding selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA([Ser]Sec) gene were crossed with transgenic carrying Cre recombinase under control albumin promoter that expresses specifically liver. Recombination was nearly...
Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid in protein, is encoded by UGA. The Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which stem-loop structure present 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of eukaryotic selenoprotein-encoding genes, essential for recognition UGA as a codon rather than stop signal. We now report identification new selenoprotein, designated selenoprotein M (SelM). 3-kb human SelM-encoding gene has five exons and located on chromosome 22 but not been correctly identified either Celera...
Protein oxidation has been linked to accelerated aging and is a contributing factor many diseases. Methionine residues are particularly susceptible oxidation, but the resulting mixture of methionine R-sulfoxide (Met-RO) S-sulfoxide (Met-SO) can be repaired by thioredoxin-dependent enzymes MsrB MsrA, respectively. Here, we describe knock-out mouse deficient in selenoprotein MsrB1, main mammalian located cytosol nucleus. In these mice, addition deletion 14-kDa 5-kDa form was specifically...
The human selenoproteome consists of 25 known selenoproteins, but functions many these proteins are not known. Selenoprotein H (SelH) is a recently discovered 14-kDa mammalian protein with no sequence homology to functionally characterized proteins. By sensitive and structure analyses, we identified SelH as thioredoxin fold-like in which conserved CXXU motif (cysteine separated by two other residues from selenocysteine) corresponds the CXXC thioredoxins. These data suggest redox function...
Platyhelminth parasites are a major health problem in developing countries. In contrast to their mammalian hosts, platyhelminth thiol-disulfide redox homeostasis relies on linked thioredoxin-glutathione systems, which fully dependent reductase (TGR), promising drug target. TGR is homodimeric enzyme comprising glutaredoxin domain and thioredoxin (TR) domains with C-terminal center containing selenocysteine (Sec). this study, we demonstrate the existence of functional systems cytosolic...
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins that contain selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid. In genetic code, UGA serves as termination signal and Sec codon. This dual role has precluded automatic annotation selenoproteins. Recent advances in computational identification selenoprotein genes have provided first glimpse size, functions, phylogenetic diversity eukaryotic selenoproteomes. Here, we describe family named SelJ. contrast to known selenoproteins, SelJ appears be restricted...
Selenocysteine (Sec, U) insertion into proteins is directed by translational recoding of specific UGA codons located upstream a stem-loop structure known as Sec sequence (SECIS) element. Selenoproteins with functions are oxidoreductases containing single redox-active in their active sites. In this work, we identified family selenoproteins, designated SelL, two separated other residues to form UxxU motif. SelL show an unusual occurrence, being present diverse aquatic organisms, including...
Thioredoxin/glutathione reductase (TGR) is a recently discovered member of the selenoprotein thioredoxin family in mammals. In contrast to two other mammalian reductases, it contains an N-terminal glutaredoxin domain and exhibits wide spectrum enzyme activities. To elucidate reaction mechanism regulation TGR, we prepared recombinant mouse TGR form as well various mutants individual domains this enzyme. Using these proteins, showed that could independently catalyze reactions normally...
Selenoproteins are an elite group of proteins containing a rare amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), encoded by the codon, UGA. In eukaryotes, incorporation Sec requires insertion sequence (SECIS) element, stem-loop structure located in 3'-untranslated regions selenoprotein mRNAs. Here we report identification noncanonical form SECIS element Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora canine, single-celled apicomplexan parasites humans domestic animals. This has GGGA SBP2-binding site place AUGA previously...
Methionine residues are susceptible to oxidation, but this damage may be reversed by methionine sulfoxide reductases MsrA and MsrB. Mammals contain one three MsrBs, including a selenoprotein MsrB1. Here, we show that MsrB1 is the major reductase in liver of mice it among proteins most easily regulated dietary selenium. MsrB1, not activities, were reduced with age, selenium regulation was preserved aging liver, suggesting could account for impaired reduction animals. We also examined Msr...
Thioredoxin reductase (TR) and thioredoxin constitute a major cellular redox system present in all organisms. In contrast to single form of thioredoxin, there are two TR types: One (bacterial type or small TR) is bacteria, archaea, plants, most unicellular eukaryotes, whereas the second (animal large only found animals typically contains carboxy-terminal penultimate selenocysteine encoded by TGA. Surprisingly, we detected sequences TRs various eukaryotes. Moreover, green algae Chlamydomonas...
Sec (selenocysteine) is biosynthesized on its tRNA and incorporated into selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) as the 21st amino acid residue. Selenoprotein synthesis dependent expression of this class can be modulated by altering expression. The gene encoding (Trsp) a single-copy targeted removal in liver demonstrated that selenoproteins are essential for proper function wherein their absence leads to necrosis hepatocellular degeneration. In present study, we found complete loss was...
Sec (selenocysteine) is a rare amino acid in proteins. It co-translationally inserted into proteins at UGA codons with the help of SECIS (Sec insertion sequence) elements. A full set selenoproteins within genome, known as selenoproteome, highly variable different organisms. However, most eukaryotic are represented mammalian selenoproteome. In addition, many these have cysteine orthologues. Here, we describe new selenoprotein, designated Fep15, which distantly related to members 15 kDa...
ECOLOGY • ЭколоГИяАннотация В статье раскрыта проблема энергетического перехода в Кузбассе условиях декарбонизации экономики и глобального потепления климата.Отмечено, что настоящее время уголь будет иметь топливно-энергетическом балансе как мире, так России существенную долю, поэтому минимизации антропогенного техногенного воздействия на экологические системы экологическое состояние региона при его добыче сжигании остается актуальной.В экологического кризиса климата территории опережающего...