A5025285051- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
University of Edinburgh
2016-2025
NHS Lothian
2019-2025
UK Dementia Research Institute
2018-2025
University of Lausanne
2024
University of Oslo
2024
National Clinical Research
2024
Capital Medical University
2024
Ruijin Hospital
2024
Sichuan University
2024
University of Hong Kong
2024
To determine the magnitude of potentially causal relationships among vascular risk factors (VRFs), large-artery atheromatous disease (LAD), and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in 2 prospective cohorts.
Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability occurs in cerebral small vessel disease. It is not known if BBB changes predate progression of disease.We followed-up patients with nondisabling lacunar or cortical stroke and magnetic resonance imaging after their original stroke. Approximately 3 years later, we assessed functional outcome (Oxford Handicap Score, poor defined as 3-6), recurrent neurological events, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) on imaging.Among 70 mean age 68 (SD ± 11)...
<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> To investigate chronic inflammation in relation to cognitive aging by comparison of an epigenetic serum biomarker C-reactive protein their associations with neuroimaging outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> At baseline, participants (n = 521) were cognitively normal, around 73 years age (mean 72.4, SD 0.716), had inflammation, vascular risk (cardiovascular disease history, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index), (structural diffusion...
Objective After a recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI), some patients develop perilesional or remote hyperintensities (‘caps/tracks’) to the index on T2/FLAIR MRI. However, their clinical relevance remains unclear. We investigated clinicoradiological correlates of ‘caps/tracks’, and impact long‐term outcomes following RSSI. Methods identified participants with lacunar stroke MRI‐confirmed RSSI from 3 prospective studies. At baseline, we collected risk factors, characteristics, vessel...
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are the commonest imaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and a major cause cognitive decline vascular dementia. WMHs typically accumulate over time, but recent studies show they can also regress, potential clinical benefits have received little attention. We examined progressing, stable, regressing WMH in people with stroke-related SVD effect on outcomes. recruited patients minor nondisabling ischemic stroke (modified Rankin score ≤2) from...
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is common in ageing and patients with dementia stroke. Its manifestations on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) include white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, microbleeds, perivascular spaces, subcortical infarcts, brain atrophy. Many studies focus only one of these manifestations. A protocol for the differential assessment all features is, therefore, needed. To identify ways quantifying markers research SVD operationalize recommendations from STandards...
Abstract Research has suggested that the retinal vasculature may act as a surrogate marker for diseased cerebral vessels. Retinal vascular parameters were measured using Vessel Assessment and Measurement Platform Images of Retina (VAMPIRE) software in two cohorts: (i) community-dwelling older subjects Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n = 603); (ii) patients with recent minor ischaemic stroke Mild Stroke Study 155). Imaging markers small vessel disease (SVD) (white matter hyperintensities [WMH] on...
Perivascular Spaces (PVS), also known as Virchow-Robin spaces, seen on structural brain MRI, are important fluid drainage conduits and associated with small vessel disease (SVD). Computational quantification of visible PVS may enable efficient analyses in large datasets increase sensitivity to detect associations disorders. We assessed the computationally-derived parameters vascular factors white matter hyperintensities (WMH), a marker SVD.Community dwelling individuals (n = 700) from...
Abstract Identifying biological correlates of late life cognitive function is important if we are to ascertain biomarkers for, and develop treatments help reduce, age-related decline. Here, investigated the associations between plasma levels 90 neurology-related proteins (Olink® Proteomics) general fluid ability in Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936, N = 798), 1921 (LBC1921, 165), INTERVAL BioResource (N 4451). In LBC1936, 22 were significantly associated with (β −0.11 −0.17). MRI-assessed...
Abstract Background Blood-based markers of cognitive functioning might provide an accessible way to track neurodegeneration years prior clinical manifestation impairment and dementia. Results Using blood-based epigenome-wide analyses general function, we show that individual differences in DNA methylation (DNAm) explain 35.0% the variance function ( g ). A DNAm predictor explains ~4% variance, independently a polygenic score, two external cohorts. It also associates with circulating levels...
Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) occurs in about half of stroke survivors. Cumulative evidence indicates that functional outcomes are worse women than men. Yet it is unknown whether the occurrence and characteristics PSCI differ between men women. Individual patient data from 9 cohorts patients with ischemic were harmonized pooled through Meta-VCI-Map consortium (n=2343, 38% women). We included visible symptomatic infarcts on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging assessment...
To investigate how associations between education and brain structure in older age were affected by adjusting for IQ measured at 11.We analyzed years of full-time measures from an MRI scan 73 617 community-dwelling adults born 1936. In addition to average vertex-wise cortical thickness, we total atrophy white matter tract fractional anisotropy. Associations tested, covarying sex vascular health; a second model also covaried 11 IQ.The significant relationship thickness (β = 0.124, p 0.004)...
Regional cortical brain volume is the product of surface area and thickness. These measures exhibit partially distinct trajectories change across brain's cortex in older age, but it unclear which characteristics at loci are sensitive to cognitive ageing differences. We examine associations between intelligence from age 11 73 years regional volume, area, thickness measured 568 community-dwelling adults, all born 1936. A relative positive was associated with larger selective frontal, temporal,...
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) can manifest in a number of ways. Many these result hyperintense regions visible on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. The automatic segmentation lesions has been the focus many studies. However, previous methods tended to be limited certain types pathology, as consequence either restricting search white matter, or by training an individual pathology. Here we present unsupervised abnormality detection method which is able detect abnormally FLAIR...
The differential quantification of brain atrophy, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and stroke lesions is important in studies dementia. However, the presence usually overlooked by automatic neuroimage processing methods the-state-of-the-art deep learning schemes, which lack sufficient annotated data. We explore use radiomics identifying whether a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan belongs to an individual that had or not. used 1800 3D sets MRI data from three prospective studies: one...
Slowed processing speed is considered a hallmark feature of cognitive decline in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD); however, it unclear whether SVD's association with slowed might be due to its overall declining general ability. We quantified the total MRI-visible SVD burden 540 members Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (age: 72.6 ± 0.7 years; 47% female). Using latent growth curve modelling, we tested associations between at mean age 73 and changes ability, speed, verbal memory visuospatial...
Examining underlying neurostructural correlates of specific cognitive abilities is practically and theoretically complicated by the existence positive manifold (all tests positively correlate): if a brain structure associated with task, how much this uniquely related to domain, due covariance all other across domains (captured general functioning, also known as intelligence, or 'g')? We quantitatively address question examining associations between structural diffusion MRI measures (global...
Abstract Predicting the evolution of white matter hyperintensities (WMH), a common feature in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans older adults (i.e., whether WMH will grow, remain stable, or shrink with time) is important for personalised therapeutic interventions. However, this task difficult mainly due to myriad vascular risk factors and comorbidities that influence it, low specificity sensitivity image intensities textures alone predicting evolution. Given predominantly nature...