A5076735315- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Medicine
2007-2024
HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine
2014-2023
Hungarian Research Network
2023
Pázmány Péter Catholic University
2010-2021
Semmelweis University
2021
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
2009-2019
King's College London
1990-2013
Imperial College London
2009
Széchenyi István University
2009
Catholic University of America
2006
Kisspeptin signaling via the kisspeptin receptor G-protein-coupled receptor-54 plays a fundamental role in onset of puberty and regulation mammalian reproduction. In this immunocytochemical study we addressed (i) topography, (ii) sexual dimorphism, (iii) relationship to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons (iv) neurokinin B content kisspeptin-immunoreactive hypothalamic human autopsy samples. females, axons formed dense periventricular plexus profusely innervated capillary vessels...
The regulatory actions of estrogen on magnocellular oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) neurons the paraventricular (PVN) supraoptic (SON) nuclei are well documented. To date it is still debated whether effect estrogens exerted directly or mediated by estrogen-sensitive interneurons. Previous immunocytochemical (ICC) in situ hybridization (ISH) studies detected either low levels absence classical receptor (ER-α) PVN SON rat. present experiments using a combined ICC ISH method were undertaken...
In rodents, a circadian signal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is essential for pro‐oestrous surge of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), which, in turn, induces luteinising (LH) and ovulation. We hypothesised that kisspeptin (KP) neurones anteroventral periventricular preoptic nuclei (AVPV/PeN) form part communication pathway between SCN GnRH neurones. anterograde track tracing studies, we first identified vasopressin (VP)‐containing axons origin apposition to KP‐immunoreactive...
Hypothyroidism in humans is characterized by severe neurological consequences that are often irreversible, highlighting the critical role of thyroid hormone (TH) brain. Despite this, not much known about signaling pathways control TH action What prohormone thyroxine (T4) converted to active triiodothyronine (T3) type 2 deiodinase (D2) and this occurs astrocytes, while receptors 3 (D3), which inactivates T3, found adjacent neurons. Here, we modeled brain using an vitro coculture system...
We recently reported that soy isoflavones increase gene expression of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) and antioxidant defense enzymes, resulting in improved function lower blood pressure vivo. In this study, we establish equol (1-100 nM) causes acute endothelium- nitric oxide (NO)-dependent relaxation aortic rings rapidly (2 min) activates eNOS human umbilical vein cells. Intracellular Ca2+ cyclic AMP levels were unaffected by treatment (100 nM, 2 with equol, daidzein, or genistein....
Abstract Double‐label immunohistochemistry was employed to establish whether immunoreactivity for the β subtype of oestrogen receptor (ERβ‐IR) is present in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)‐containing cells. In immortalized GnRH cell line, GT1‐7, almost all nuclei were immunoreactive ERβ. preoptic area ovariectomized rats, more than one‐half neurones (52.0–63.5%) contained ERβ‐IR within nucleus; a smaller proportion these (5–10%) displayed particularly intense nuclear signal The...
Abstract Type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) is the principal for endocannabinoids in brain; it mainly occurs preterminal/terminal axons and mediates retrograde neuronal signaling mechanisms. A large body of physiological electrophysiological evidence indicates critical role CB1 regulation hypothalamic functions. Conversely, distribution CB1‐containing hypothalamus essentially unknown. Therefore, we have analyzed ultrastructural characteristics CB1‐immunoreactive (IR) mouse by using an...
Cannabinoids suppress fertility via reducing hypothalamic GnRH output. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor (GABAA-R)-mediated transmission is a major input to cells that can be excitatory. We hypothesized cannabinoids act inhibiting GABAergic input. performed loose-patch electrophysiological studies of acute slices from adult male GnRH-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice. Bath application type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) agonist WIN55,212 decreased neuron firing rate. This action was...
Oestrogen regulates various aspects of circadian rhythm physiology. The presence oestrogen receptors within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), principal oscillator, indicates that some actions on functions may be exerted at site. present study analysed sex differences, topographic distribution, and neurochemical phenotype neurones expressing alpha beta subtypes (ERalpha ERbeta) in mouse SCN. We found relatively few SCN are immunoreactive (IR) for ERalpha (approximately 4.5% females 3%...
The gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secreting neurones, which form the final common pathway for central regulation of reproduction, are directly targeted by kisspeptin (KP) via G protein-coupled receptor, GPR54. In these multiple labelling studies, we used ovariectomised mice treated with 17β-oestradiol (OVX + E(2)) or vehicle oil) to determine: (i) ultrastructural characteristics KP-immunoreactive (IR) afferents GnRH neurones; (ii) their galanin neurokinin B (NKB) content; and (iii)...
The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) plays a key role in basal ganglia function. Projections from multiple nuclei converge at the SNr to regulate nigrothalamic output. is also characterized by abundant aminergic input, including dopaminergic dendrites and axons containing 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) or histamine (HA). functions of HA include motor control via H 3 receptors (H Rs), although mechanism remains far elucidated. In Parkinson's disease, there an increase Rs density...
The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) belong to a superfamily of structurally related hormones that includes glucagon, glucagon-like peptides, secretin, growth hormone-releasing hormone. Microinjection VIP or PACAP into the rodent suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) phase shifts circadian pacemaker antagonists, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides have been shown disrupt function. equal potency as agonists VPAC 2 receptor...
Abstract Topographical distribution of estrogen receptor‐β (ER‐β)‐synthesizing oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) neurons was studied in the hypothalamic paraventricular supraoptic nuclei (PVH; SO) ovariectomized rats. In distinct subregions, 45–98% OT 88–99% VP exhibited ER‐β immunoreactivity that confined to cell nuclei. Neuronal populations differed markedly with respect intensity signal. Magnocellular PVH, SO, accessory groups typically contained low levels signal; contrast, robust...
Abstract In most mammals, RF-amide-related peptides are synthesized in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and regulate reproduction via inhibiting GnRH neurons and, possibly, adenohypophyseal gonadotrophs. present study, we investigated possibility that RFRP-synthesizing involved estrogen feedback signaling to reproductive axis mice. First, used quantitative situ hybridization compared expression of prepro-RFRP mRNA ovariectomized mice, with without 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement....
Abstract Background Estrogens exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in the brain mainly via estrogen receptors α (ERα) β (ERβ). These are members of nuclear receptor superfamily ligand-dependent transcription factors. This study was aimed at elucidation ERα ERβ agonists on expression neuroinflammatory genes frontal cortex aging female rats. Methods To identify estrogen-responsive immunity/inflammation genes, we treated middle-aged, ovariectomized rats with 17β-estradiol (E2),...
The intricate interactions between the immune, endocrine and central nervous systems shape innate immune response of brain. We have previously shown that estradiol suppresses expression genes in frontal cortex middle-aged ovariectomized rats, but not young ones reflecting elevated these middle-aged, ovarian hormone deficient animals. Here, we explored impact menopause on microglia phenotype capitalizing differential macrophage-associated quiescent activated microglia. selected twenty-three...
The central melanocortin (MC) system mediates its effects on food intake via MC3 (MC3R) and MC4 receptors (MC4R). Although the role of MC4R in meal size determination, satiation, preference, motivation is well established, involvement MC3R modulation has been less explored. Here, we investigated incentive for food, which a crucial component feeding behavior. Dopaminergic neurons within ventral tegmental area (VTA) have food. We here report that MC3Rs are expressed VTA dopaminergic...
In the hippocampus, estrogens are powerful modulators of neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. women, menopause is associated with increased risk memory disturbances, which can be attenuated by timely estrogen therapy. animal models menopause, 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement improves hippocampus-dependent spatial memory. Here, we explored effect E2 on hippocampal gene expression in a rat model. Middle-aged ovariectomized female rats were treated continuously for 29 days E2,...
Recent identification of the second estrogen receptor (ER) isoform (ER-beta) within GnRH neurons rodent brain has generated much enthusiasm in field neuroendocrine research by questioning dogma that cells do not directly sense changes circulating estrogens.To address issue whether human hypothalamus also contain ER-beta, we have performed dual-label immunocytochemical studies.Tissue sections were prepared from autopsy samples male individuals (n = 8; age < 50 yr), with sudden causes death....
In neurons, the type 3 deiodinase (D3) inactivates thyroid hormone and reduces oxygen consumption, thus creating a state of cell-specific hypothyroidism. Here we show that hypoxia leads to nuclear import D3 in without which signaling metabolism cannot be reduced. After unilateral rat brain, protein level is increased predominantly nucleus neurons pyramidal granular ipsilateral layers, as well hilus dentate gyrus hippocampal formation. culture human neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-AS), 24 h...
The innate immune system including microglia has a major contribution to maintenance of the physiological functions hippocampus by permanent monitoring neural milieu and elimination tissue-damaging threats. is vulnerable age-related changes ranging from gene expression network connectivity. risk hippocampal deterioration increases with decline gonadal hormone supply. To explore impact on function in middle-aged female rats, we compared mRNA after withdrawal, or without subsequent estrogen...
Hypothalamic neurosecretory systems are fundamental regulatory circuits influenced by thyroid hormone. Monocarboxylate-transporter-8 (MCT8)-mediated uptake of hormone followed type 3 deiodinase (D3)-catalyzed inactivation represent limiting factors neuronal T3 availability. In the present study we addressed localization and subcellular distribution D3 MCT8 in neurons function their axons. Intense D3-immunoreactivity was observed axon varicosities external zone rat median eminence neurohaemal...