A5060579865- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Marine animal studies overview
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Human Pose and Action Recognition
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Congenital heart defects research
- Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
National Institute for Physiological Sciences
2016-2025
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
2016-2025
University of Hyogo
2023-2025
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI
2007-2024
Living Systems (United States)
2023-2024
Hokkaido University
2022-2023
The Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems
2021-2023
Hyogo University
2023
Initiatives (Denmark)
2017
Novel (United States)
2017
Odor molecules in the environment are detected by olfactory receptors (ORs), being encoded a large multigene family mammalian genomes. It is generally thought that primates vision oriented and dependent weakly on olfaction. Previous studies suggested Old World monkeys (OWMs) hominoids lost many functional OR genes after divergence from New (NWMs) due to acquisition of well-developed trichromatic vision. To examine this hypothesis, here we analyzed gene repertoires five primate species...
New genes contribute substantially to adaptive evolutionary innovation, but the functional evolution of new mammalian has been little explored at a broad scale. Previous work established mRNA-derived gene duplicates, known as retrocopies, models for study origination. Here we combine transcriptomic and epigenomic data unveil processes underlying stripped-down retrocopies into complex genes. We show that although some robustly expressed are transcribed from preexisting promoters, most evolved...
The majority of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in mRNA metabolism mammals have been believed to downregulate the corresponding expression level a pre- or post-transcriptional manner by forming short long ncRNA-mRNA duplex structures. Information on non-duplex-forming ncRNAs is now also rapidly accumulating. To examine directional properties transcription at whole-genome level, we performed RNA-seq analysis mouse and chimpanzee tissue samples.We found that there only about 1% genome where...
Molecular maps of the human brain alone do not inform us features unique to humans. Yet, identification these is important for understanding both evolution and nature cognition. Here, we approached this question by analyzing gene expression H3K27ac chromatin modification data collected in eight regions humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, a gibbon, macaques. An analysis spatial transcriptome trajectories across four primate species revealed 1851 genes showing human-specific differences one or...
Macaque monkeys are an important animal model where invasive investigations can lead to a better understanding of the cortical organization primates including humans. However, tools and methods for noninvasive image acquisition (e.g. MRI RF coils pulse sequence protocols) data preprocessing have lagged behind those developed To resolve structural functional characteristics smaller macaque brain, high spatial, temporal, angular resolutions combined with signal-to-noise ratio required ensure...
Video-based markerless motion capture permits quantification of an animal's pose and motion, with a high spatiotemporal resolution in naturalistic context, is powerful tool for analyzing the relationship between behaviors its brain functions. Macaque monkeys are excellent non-human primate models, especially studying neuroscience. Due to lack dataset allowing training deep neural network macaque's it has been challenging apply this technology macaques-based studies. In study, we created...
Abstract Since the process of becoming dead genes or pseudogenes (pseudogenization) is irreversible and can occur rather rapidly under certain environmental circumstances, it one plausible determinant for characterizing species specificity. To test this evolutionary hypothesis, we analyzed tempo mode duplication pseudogenization bitter taste receptor (T2R) in humans as well 12 nonhuman primates. The results show that primates have accumulated more than mice after their separation from common...
Animals recognize their external world through the detection of tens thousands chemical odorants. Olfactory receptor (OR) genes encode proteins for detecting odorant molecules and form largest multigene family in mammals. It is known that humans have fewer OR a higher fraction pseudogenes than mice or dogs. To investigate whether these features are human specific common to all primates, we identified nearly complete sets from chimpanzee macaque genomes compared them with genes. In contrast...
Genome studies of mammals in the superorder Euarchontoglires (a clade that comprises orders Primates, Dermoptera, Scandentia, Rodentia, and Lagomorpha) are important for understanding biological features humans, particularly medical model animals such as macaques mice. Furthermore, dynamic ecoevolutionary signatures genomes may be discovered because many species this characterized by their successful adaptive radiation to various ecological niches. In study, we investigated evolutionary...
The sense of bitter taste plays a critical role in how organisms avoid generally toxic and harmful substances. Previous studies revealed that there were 25 intact receptor (T2R) genes humans 34 mice. However, because the recent chicken genome project reported only three T2R genes, it appears extensive gene expansions occurred lineage leading to mammals or contractions birds. Here, I examined repertoire placental (dogs, Canis familiaris; cows, Bos taurus), marsupials (opossums, Monodelphis...
Atypical neurodevelopment in autism spectrum disorder is a mystery, defying explanation despite increasing attention. We report on Japanese macaque that spontaneously exhibited autistic traits, namely, impaired social ability as well restricted and repetitive behaviors, along with our single-neuron genomic analyses. Its was measured turn-taking task, where two monkeys monitor each other's actions for adaptive behavioral planning. In its brain, the medial frontal neurons responding to others'...
Mutations generate genetic variation and are a major driving force of evolution. Therefore, examining mutation rates modes essential for understanding the basis physiology evolution organisms. Here, we aim to identify germline de novo mutations through whole-genome surveyance Mendelian inheritance error sites (MIEs), those not inherited manner from either parents, using ultra-deep whole genome sequences (>150-fold) chimpanzee parent-offspring trio. We identified such 889 MIEs classified them...
Impairments in synapse development are thought to cause numerous psychiatric disorders. Autism susceptibility candidate 2 (AUTS2) gene has been associated with various disorders, such as autism and intellectual disabilities. Although roles for AUTS2 neuronal migration neuritogenesis have reported, its involvement regulation remains unclear. In this study, we found that excitatory synapses were specifically increased the Auts2-deficient primary cultured neurons well Auts2 mutant forebrains....
Marine amniotes, a polyphyletic group, provide an excellent opportunity for studying convergent evolution. Their sense of smell tends to degenerate, but this process has not been explored by comparing fully aquatic species with their amphibious relatives in evolutionary context. Here, we sequenced the genomes and sea snakes identified repertoires chemosensory receptor genes involved olfaction. Snakes possess large numbers olfactory ( OR ) type-2 vomeronasal V2R genes, expression profiling...
Abstract In the central nervous system, astrocytes enable appropriate synapse function through glutamate clearance from synaptic cleft; however, it remains unclear how astrocytic transporters at peri-synaptic contact. Here, we report that Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) in Purkinje cells controls formation and developing cerebellum. Dscam -mutant mice show defects CF translocation as is observed loss of mutations transporter GLAST expressed Bergmann glia. These impaired...
Abstract AUTS2 syndrome is characterized by intellectual disability and microcephaly, often associated with autism spectrum disorder, but the underlying mechanisms, particularly concerning remain incompletely understood. Here, we analyze mice mutated for transcriptional regulator AUTS2, which recapitulate microcephaly. Their brains exhibit reduced division of intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs), leading to fewer neurons decreased thickness in upper-layer cortex. Increased expression target...
Abstract Background Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by recessive mutations in the α-L-iduronidase ( IDUA ) gene. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) utilizing terminal mannose-6-phosphate (M6P)-carrying N -glycans attached to therapeutic enzymes produced mammalian cell lines has been clinically applied several LSDs. Recent studies suggested unidentified delivery pathway mediated sialic acid-containing -glycans. However, more...
Combining genome assembly with population and functional genomics can provide valuable insights to development evolution, as well tools for species management. Here, we present a chromosome-level of the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), model marsupial threatened in parts their native range Australia, but also major introduced pest New Zealand. Functional reveals post-natal activation chemosensory metabolic genes, reflecting unique adaptations altricial birth delayed weaning,...
In mammals, bitter taste is mediated by T2R genes, which belong to the large family of seven transmembrane G protein–coupled receptors. Because T2Rs are directly involved in interaction between mammals and their dietary sources, it likely that these genes evolved reflect species' specific diets during mammalian evolution. Here, we investigated sequences all 28 putative functional chimpanzee (cT2Rs) 46 western chimpanzees compare intraspecies variations those already known for 25 human...