Brenda Kwambana-Adams
A5053013674- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
2022-2025
University of Liverpool
2022-2025
University College London
2019-2024
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2022-2024
MRC Unit the Gambia
2015-2024
Kamuzu Central Hospital
2023-2024
Kamuzu University of Health Sciences
2023-2024
University of Malawi
2024
Medical Research Council
2011-2023
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2016-2023
Invasive pneumococcal disease remains an important health priority owing to increasing incidence caused by pneumococci expressing non-vaccine serotypes. We previously defined 621 Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) analysing 20 027 isolates collected worldwide and from published genomic data. In this study, we aimed investigate the lineages behind predominant serotypes, mechanism of serotype replacement in disease, as well major contributing invasive post-vaccine era their...
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have reduced the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease, caused by vaccine serotypes, but non-vaccine-serotypes remain a concern. We used whole genome sequencing to study serotype, antibiotic resistance and invasiveness, in context genetic background.Our dataset 13,454 genomes, combined with four published genomic datasets, represented Africa (40%), Asia (25%), Europe (19%), North America (12%), South (5%). These 20,027 genomes were clustered into lineages...
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite inclusion in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Serotype increased carriage since implementation PCV13 USA, while invasive disease rates remain unchanged. We investigated persistence disease, through genomic analyses global sample 301 isolates Netherlands3-31 (PMEN31) clone CC180, combined with associated patient data PCV utilization among countries isolate...
Although Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis are important causes of invasive mucosal bacterial disease among children, co-carriage with Streptococcus pneumoniae during infancy has not been determined in West Africa.Species specific PCR was applied to detect each microbe using purified genomic DNA from 498 nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs collected 30 Gambian neonates every two weeks 0 6 months bi-monthly up 12 months.All infants carried S....
An outbreak of pneumococcal meningitis among non-infant children and adults occurred in the Brong-Ahafo region Ghana between December 2015 April 2016 despite recent nationwide implementation a vaccination programme for infants with 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13).Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected from patients suspected region. CSF subjected to Gram staining, culture rapid antigen testing. Quantitative PCR was performed identify pneumococcus, meningococcus Haemophilus...
Background:Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) virulence factor produced by some strains that causes leukocyte lysis and tissue necrosis. PVL-associated S. (PVL-SA) predominantly skin soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) but can also cause invasive such as necrotizing pneumonia. It carried both community-associated methicillin susceptible (CA-MSSA) resistant (CA-MRSA). This study aims to determine the prevalence of PVL-SA among patients seen at an...
Abstract Genomic evolution, transmission and pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae , an opportunistic human-adapted pathogen, is driven principally by nasopharyngeal carriage. However, little known about genomic changes during natural colonisation. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing to investigate within-host microevolution naturally carried pneumococci in ninety-eight infants intensively sampled sequentially from birth until twelve months a high-carriage African setting. We show that...
Abstract We have developed an efficient and inexpensive pipeline for streamlining large-scale collection genome sequencing of bacterial isolates. Evaluation this method involved a worldwide research collaboration focused on the model organism Salmonella enterica , 10KSG consortium. Following optimization logistics that shipping isolates as thermolysates in ambient conditions, project assembled diverse 10,419 from low- middle-income countries. The genomes were sequenced using LITE library...
Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis worldwide. Many different serotypes co-circulate endemically in any one location 1,2 . The extent mechanisms spread vaccine-driven changes fitness antimicrobial resistance remain largely unquantified. Here using geolocated genome sequences from South Africa ( n = 6,910, collected 2000 to 2014), we developed models reconstruct spread, pairing detailed human mobility data genomic data. Separately, estimated the...
In 2011, two years after the introduction of 7-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), Gambian immunization programme replaced PVC7 with PCV13 (13-valent). Our objective was to assess additional impact on prevalence pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage.We recruited healthy infants who had received three PCV doses. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from and their mothers during cross-sectional surveys (CSS) conducted in vaccinated PCV7 (CSS1) (CSS2). Pneumococci isolated serotyped...
There is growing concern that interventions alter microbial ecology can adversely affect health. We characterised the impact of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on carriage and bacterial component nasopharyngeal microbiome during infancy. Newborns were recruited into three groups as follows: Group1 (n = 33) was control group comprised infants who received PCV7 after 6 months came from unvaccinated communities. Group 2 30) communities 3 39) vaccinated Both at 2, 4 months....
Knowledge of pneumococcal lineages, their geographic distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns, can give insights into global disease. We provide interactive bioinformatic outputs to explore such topics, aiming increase dissemination genomic the wider community, without need for specialist training. prepared 12 country-specific phylogenetic snapshots, international snapshots 73 common Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) previously defined using PopPUNK, present them in...
The World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates the Global Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) Surveillance Network to support vaccine introduction decisions and use. network was established strengthen surveillance laboratory confirmation of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem. Adequate management requires baseline drug-resistance prevalence data. In West Africa, due to poor laboratory infrastructure and inadequate capacity, such data are scarce. Therefore, the true extent of drug-resistant TB was hitherto undetermined. 2008, new research network, African Network Excellence for Tuberculosis, AIDS Malaria (WANETAM), founded, comprising nine study sites from eight countries (Burkina Faso, The Gambia,...
Iron deficiency and iron anemia are highly prevalent in low-income countries, especially among young children. Hepcidin is the major regulator of systemic homeostasis. It controls dietary absorption, dictates whether absorbed made available circulation for erythropoiesis other iron-demanding processes, predicts response to oral supplementation. Understanding how hepcidin itself regulated therefore important, We investigated changes iron-related parameters, inflammation infection status,...
Abstract In recent years Bamako has been faced with an emerging threat from multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB). Whole genome sequence analysis was performed on a subset of 76 isolates total 208 recovered tuberculosis patients in Bamako, Mali between 2006 and 2012. Among the patients, 61(80.3%) new cases 15(19.7%) retreatment cases, 12 (16%) were infected by MDR-TB. The dominant lineage Euro-American lineage, Lineage 4. Within 4, Cameroon genotype most prevalent (n = 20, 26%), followed Ghana 16,...
Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerge through the modification of core genome loci by interspecies homologous recombinations, and acquisition gene cassettes. Both occurred in otherwise contrasting histories antibiotic-resistant S. lineages PMEN3 PMEN9. A single clade spread globally, evading vaccine-induced immunity frequent serotype switching, whereas locally circulating PMEN9 clades independently gained resistance. repeatedly integrated Tn 916 -type 1207.1 elements,...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein modifications over the course of infection have been associated with coreceptor switching and antibody neutralization resistance, but effect changes on replication host cell receptor usage remains unclear. To examine this question, unique early- chronic-stage V1-to V5 (V1-V5) segments from eight HIV-1 subtype A-infected subjects were incorporated into an isogenic background to construct replication-competent recombinant...
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen of humans and animals. We genome sequenced 90 S. isolates from The Gambia: 46 invasive disease in humans, 13 human carriage isolates, 31 monkey isolates. inferred multiple anthroponotic transmissions to green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) Gambia over different time scales. report a novel monkey-associated clade that emerged human-to-monkey switch estimated have occurred 2,700 years ago. Adaptation this lineage the host accompanied by loss...
Bacterial meningitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. We analyzed data from the World Health Organization's (WHO) Invasive Vaccine-preventable Diseases Surveillance Network (2011-2016) to describe epidemiology laboratory-confirmed Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae within WHO African Region. also evaluated declines vaccine-type pneumococcal following conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction.Reports children <5 years...
Background. There are large data gaps in the epidemiology of diseases caused by Salmonella enterica West Africa. Regional surveillance infections is necessary, especially with emergence and spread multidrug-resistant clones. Methods. Data on isolated from various clinical specimens patients across The Gambia were collected analyzed retrospectively 2005 to April 2015. Antibiotic sensitivity testing isolates was performed disk diffusion method. Serotyping serogrouping using standard...