A5033596880- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Science, Research, and Medicine
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Corneal Surgery and Treatments
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Vitamin K Research Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati
2019-2024
University Hospital Galway
2022-2023
Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway
2016-2022
University of California, Davis
2014
University of Udine
2006-2012
Although the role played by core transcription factor network, which includes c-Myc, Klf4, Nanog, and Oct4, in maintenance of embryonic stem cell (ES) pluripotency reprogramming adult cells is well established, its persistence function are still debated. To verify clarify these molecules function, we investigated expression pattern markers undifferentiated fully differentiated dental pulp (DPSC). A particular attention was devoted to intracellular localization stemness-associated isoform...
Adult stem cells have been proposed as an alternative to embryonic study multilineage differentiation in vitro and use therapy. Current culture media for isolation expansion of adult require the large amounts animal sera, but animal-derived reagents give rise some questions due real possibility infections severe immune reactions. For these reasons a clinical grade substitute sera is needed. We tested isolation, proliferation, morphology, stemness related marker expression, osteoblastic...
After in vivo transplantation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) face an ischemic microenvironment, characterized by nutrient deprivation and reduced oxygen tension, which reduces their viability thus therapeutic potential. Therefore, MSC response to models of vitro ischemia is relevance for improving survival efficacy. The aim this study was understand the survival/adaptive mechanism that use respond extreme culture conditions. Specifically, effect a long-term starvation on human bone marrow...
Embryonic stem cell self-renewal properties are attributed to critical amounts of OCT4A, but little is known about its post-translational regulation. Sequence analysis revealed that OCT4A contains five putative ERK1/2 phosphorylation sites. Consistent with the hypothesis a substrate, we demonstrate interacts by using both in vitro GST pulldown and vivo co-immunoprecipitation assays. MS identified at Ser-111. To investigate possibility activation can enhance degradation, analyzed endogenous...
Hormonal changes in humans during spaceflight have been demonstrated but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. To clarify this point thyroid and testis/epididymis, both regulated by anterior pituitary gland, analyzed on long-term space-exposed male C57BL/10 mice, either wild type or pleiotrophin transgenic, overexpressing osteoblast stimulating factor-1. Glands were submitted to morphological functional analysis. In thyroids, volumetric ratios between thyrocytes colloid measured. cAMP...
Abstract The rising incidence of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and associated long-term high mortality constitutes an urgent clinical issue. Unfortunately, the study possible interventions to treat this pathology lacks a reproducible pre-clinical model. Indeed, currently adopted small large animal models MI mimic only full-thickness, ST-segment-elevation (STEMI) infarcts, hence cater for investigation into therapeutics directed at subset MI. Thus, we develop ovine...
ABSTRACT Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant brain tumours and, despite advances in treatment modalities, it remains largely incurable. Ca2+ regulation and dynamics play crucial roles different aspects cancer, but they have never been investigated detail GBM. Here, we report that spontaneous waves GBM cells cause unusual intracellular ([Ca2+]i) elevations (>1 μM), often propagating through tumour microtubes (TMs) connecting adjacent cells. This [Ca2+]i elevation not...
Patients affected by glioma frequently experience epileptic discharges; however, the causes of brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) are still not completely understood. We investigated mechanisms underlying BTRE analyzing effects exosomes released U87 cells and patient-derived cells. Rat hippocampal neurons incubated for 24 hours with these exhibited increased spontaneous firing, while their resting membrane potential shifted positively 10-15 mV. Voltage clamp recordings demonstrated that...
<b>Aim:</b> To study the expression of CD133 and CD34 antigens on cultured human keratocytes over time. <b>Methods:</b> Primary cultures corneal stromal cells were established from explants derived cadaver eye donors. The sorted for CD133+ CD34+ using magnetic beads. Both primary secondary passages further analysed by flow cytometry western blot analysis same <b>Results:</b> Four different cell populations—namely, CD133+, CD133−, CD34−, identified in culture samples. Two specific subgroups...
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of terminally-differentiated plasma cells that develops mainly inside the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. It well known autocrine and paracrine signals are responsible for progression this disease but precise mechanism contributions from single cell remain largely unknown. Mesenchymal stem (MSC) an important cellular component BM: they support MM growth by increasing its survival chemo-resistance, little about signaling pathways. Three-dimensional...
The ability of the zebrafish heart to regenerate following injury makes it a valuable model deduce why this capability in mammals is limited early neonatal stages. Although metabolic reprogramming and glycosylation remodeling have emerged as key aspects many biological processes, how they may trigger cardiac regenerative response still crucial question. Here, by using an up-to-date panel transcriptomic, proteomic glycomic approaches, we identify switch from mitochondrial oxidative...
It is generally known that bone loss one of the most important complications for astronauts who are exposed to long-term microgravity in space. Changes blood flow, systemic hormones, and locally produced factors were indicated as elements contributing response osteoblastic cells loading, but research this field still has many questions. Here, possible biological involvement thyroid C being investigated. The paper a comparison between case wild type single mouse over-expressing pleiotrophin...
Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is amongst the deadliest types of cancers, with no resolutive cure currently available. GBM cell proliferation in patient’s brain a complex phenomenon controlled by multiple mechanisms. The aim this study was to determine whether ionic fluxes controlling duplication could represent target for therapy. In work, we combined multi-channel Ca2+ and Cl− imaging, optical tweezers, electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry describe role ion mediating volume changes that...
Grafts of tissue-engineered bone represent a promising alternative in the treatment large and small defects. Current approaches are often badly tolerated by patients because invasiveness, ethical problems, culture, possibility infection. Autologous grafts have been indicated as solution to such problems. Because tissue availability, many proposed use cultured cells derived from marrow expanded culture induced differentiate tissue. Data reported literature show that it is possible produce...
Prolonged spaceflights are known to elicit changes in human cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems, whose functions regulated by the thyroid gland. It is that sphingomyelin metabolism involved apoptosis (programmed cell death) of cells induced UVC radiation, but at present no data exists with regard this phenomenon, which occurs during space missions. The aim study was analyze, for first time, effect spaceflight on enzymes metabolism, sphingomyelinase, synthase, determine...
This is a case report of apparent thyroid structural and functional alteration in single mouse subjected to low Earth orbit spaceflight for 91 days. Histological examination the gland revealed an increase average follicle size compared that three control animals exposed hypergravity (2g) conditions. Immunoblotting analysis detected two enzymes, sphingomyelinase sphingomyelin-synthase1. In addition, sphingomyelinase, enzyme confined cell nucleus animals, was found hypogravity be homogeneously...
The corneal limbus is the repository of epithelial stem cells (SC) that sustain turnover cells. stroma contains mesenchymal SC generates stromal keratocytes. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition a phenomenon wherein phenotype can transdifferentiate to phenotype. Our aim was study whether limbal keratocytes, cytokeratin 3 (CK3) negative, could be induced into CK3 positive Human keratocytes were isolated from and cornea cadaver donors, cultured evaluated for CD34, vimentin expression by...
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) have been employed successfully in immunotherapy and regenerative medicine, but their therapeutic potential is reduced considerably by the ischemic environment that exists after transplantation. The assumption preconditioning MSC to promote quiescence may result increased survival upon transplantation gaining popularity.The purpose of this work was evaluate anti-inflammatory effects human bone marrow (hBM-MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) grown isolated a...
Context: Early development of many organs shows morphological and molecular similarities (teeth, lung, hair, kidney etc.). Fundamental questions in organogenesis are related to the identification a simplified model which is able mimic mechanisms involved pattern organization cell fate determination as well. Evidence Acquisition: It widely accepted that cells behave more natively if cultured three-dimensional conditions. Advances 3D non-destructive, non-invasive analysis methods improvements...
Individuals with pathologic conditions and restorative deficiencies might benefit from a combinatorial approach encompassing stem cells dental implants; however, due to the various surface textures coatings, influence of titanium implants on exhibits extensive, wide variations. Three-dimensional (3D) cultures whole are superior in testing implant properties were used examine their capabilities thoroughly.The micro-topography five manufactured by sandblasting titanium, aluminum, corundum, or...
Periosteum contains mesenchymal stem cells (Pe-MSCs) that contribute to normal bone growth, healing, and turnover; understanding Pe-MSC capabilities may shed light over the treatment of defects using tissue engineering. Bone regeneration needs in vitro precursors or cell coculture onto specific scaffolds but, despite extensive research field, very little is known about matrix structure tissue-engineered tissues scaffold's effects on differentiation. To this purpose we have selected a clonal...