A5008535098- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Virus-based gene therapy research
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
2016-2025
Jahangirnagar University
2017-2021
University of Hong Kong
2021
National Research Centre
2017-2021
University of Washington
2017
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
2017
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2007-2015
National Institutes of Health
2004-2015
Genetic Resources Center
2015
Rocky Mountain College
2010
The recent emergence of B.1.1.529, the Omicron variant
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b underwent an explosive geographic expansion in 2021 among wild birds and domestic poultry across Asia, Europe, Africa. By the end 2021, were detected North America, signifying further intercontinental spread. Here we show that western movement was quickly followed by reassortment with circulating resulting acquisition different combinations ribonucleoprotein genes. These reassortant are genotypically phenotypically diverse,...
Abstract mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines would be useful during an influenza virus pandemic since they can produced rapidly and do not require the generation of egg-adapted vaccine seed stocks. Highly pathogenic avian viruses from H5 clade 2.3.4.4b are circulating at unprecedently high levels in wild domestic birds have potential to adapt humans. Here, we generate encoding hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein a isolate. The mRNA-LNP elicits strong T cell antibody responses female mice,...
Abstract Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1) lineage have caused widespread mortality in wild birds and poultry the United States. Concomitant with spread HPAI are increasing numbers mammalian infections, including captive mesocarnivores carnivores central nervous system involvement. Here we report HPAI, A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b, a common bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus ) from Florida, Pathological findings include...
Abstract Despite the development and deployment of antibody vaccine countermeasures, rapidly-spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at key antigenic sites in spike protein jeopardize their efficacy. The recent emergence B.1.1.529, Omicron variant1,2, which has more than 30 protein, raised concerns for escape from protection by vaccines therapeutic antibodies. A test potential countermeasures against B.1.1.529 is activity pre-clinical rodent models respiratory tract disease. Here, using...
The henipaviruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), are emerging zoonotic paramyxoviruses that can cause severe often lethal neurologic and/or respiratory disease in a wide variety of mammalian hosts, including humans. There presently no licensed vaccines or treatment options approved for human veterinarian use. Guinea pigs, hamsters, cats, ferrets, have been evaluated as animal models HeV infection, but studies nonhuman primates (NHP) not reported, the development approval any vaccine...
ABSTRACT The first influenza pandemic of the new millennium was caused by a newly emerged swine-origin virus (SOIV) (H1N1). This is characterized previously unknown constellation gene segments derived from North American and Eurasian swine lineages absence common markers predictive human adaptation. Overall, infections appeared to be mild, but an alarming number young individuals presented with symptoms atypical for seasonal influenza. SOIV also showed sustained human-to-human...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 virus emerged in 2016 and spread to Russia, Europe, Africa. Our analysis of viruses from domestic ducks at Tanguar haor, Bangladesh, showed genetic similarities with other wild birds central Asia, suggesting their potential role the genesis A(H5N8).
Past pandemic influenza viruses with sustained human-to-human transmissibility have emerged from animal viruses. Employment of experimental models to assess the risk emerging zoonotic provides critical information supporting public health efforts. Ferret transmission experiments been utilized predict potential novel However, small sample sizes and a lack standardized protocols can introduce interlaboratory variability, complicating interpretation data. To range variation in ferret...
Abstract In 2017, a novel influenza A virus (IAV) was isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat. contrast to other bat viruses, the related avian A(H9N2) viruses and probably result of bird-to-bat transmission event. To determine cross-species spill-over potential, we biologically characterize features A/bat/Egypt/381OP/2017(H9N2). The has pH inactivation profile neuraminidase activity similar those human-adapted IAVs. Despite having virus–like preference for α2,3 sialic acid receptors, it is...
The tonsils have been identified as a site of replication for Epstein-Barr virus, adenovirus, human papillomavirus, and other respiratory viruses. Human tonsil epithelial cells (HTECs) are heterogeneous group actively differentiating cells. Here, we investigated the cellular features susceptibility differentiated HTECs to specific influenza viruses, including expression avian-type mammalian-type sialic acid (SA) receptors, viral dynamics, associated cytokine secretion profiles. We found that...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses were first isolated in Bangladesh February 2007. Subsequently, clades 2.2.2, 2.3.4.2 and 2.3.2.1a identified Bangladesh, our previous surveillance data revealed that by the end of 2014, circulating exclusively comprised clade 2.3.2.1a. We recently determined status conducting live poultry markets waterfowl wetland areas from 2015 through 2016. Until April 2015, persisted without any change genotype. However, June we a new genotype viruses,...
ABSTRACT Since emerging in 2013, the avian-origin H7N9 influenza viruses have resulted over 400 human infections, leading to 115 deaths date. Although epidemiology differs from highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus there is a similar rapid progression acute respiratory distress syndrome. The aim of these studies was compare pathological and immunological characteristics panel vitro vivo . were similarities between particular viruses, including association lethal disease spread alveolar spaces...
Since November 2008, we have conducted active avian influenza surveillance in Bangladesh. Clades 2.2.2, 2.3.4.2, and 2.3.2.1a of highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses all been identified Bangladeshi live poultry markets (LPMs), although, since the end 2014, exclusively from clade 2.3.2.1a. In June 2015, a new reassortant virus (H5N1-R1) was identified, containing haemagglutinin, neuraminidase, matrix genes circulating Bangladesh 2011, plus five other Eurasian-lineage low A (LPAI) viruses. Here...
Understanding how animal influenza A viruses (IAVs) acquire airborne transmissibility in humans and ferrets is needed to prepare for respond pandemics. Here, we investigated the replication transmission of swine H1N1 isolates P4 G15, whose majority population had decreased polymerase activity poor hemagglutinin (HA) stability, respectively. For both isolates, a minor variant was selected transmitted ferrets. Polymerase-enhancing PA-S321 airborne-transmitted propagated one ferret....
Activated microglia and astroglia are known to be involved in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases. In the present experiments, we studied activation after intraocular scrapie infection transgenic mice expressing protein (PrP) multiple cell types (tg7 mice) or neurons only (tgNSE mice). this model, protease-resistant PrP deposition occurs retinas both strains mice, but retinal degeneration is observed tg7 mice. Our results showed that tgNSE had astroglial with...
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic was characterized by increased pathogenicity in the elderly due to an early exacerbated innate host response. SARS-CoV is a zoonotic pathogen that entered human population through intermediate like palm civet. To prevent future introductions of strains and subsequent transmission into population, heterologous disease models are needed test efficacy vaccines therapeutics against both late isolates. Here we show can infect cynomolgus...
Stat1(-/-) mice lack a response to interferon α, β, and γ, allowing for replication of nonadapted wild-type (wt) Ebolavirus Marburgvirus. We sought establish mouse model efficacy testing live attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based filovirus vaccine vectors using wt Marburgvirus challenge strains. While infection immunocompetent with different rVSV-based did not cause disease, the same resulted in systemic lethal outcome majority tested rVSVs. Despite differences viral...
Pandemic influenza A viruses can emerge from swine, an intermediate host that supports adaptation of human-preferred receptor-binding specificity by the hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen. Other HA traits necessary for pandemic potential are poorly understood. For swine isolated in 2009-2016, gamma-clade had less stable proteins (activation pH 5.5-5.9) than clade (pH 5.0-5.5). Gamma-clade replicated to higher levels mammalian cells clade. In ferrets, a model human adaptation, relatively...
During influenza virus entry, the hemagglutinin (HA) protein binds receptors and causes membrane fusion after endosomal acid activation. To improve vaccine efficiency pandemic risk assessment for currently-dominant H3N2 viruses, we investigated HA stability of 6 reference viruses 42 circulating viruses. Recent had destabilized proteins due to egg-adaptive mutation HA1-L194P. Virus growth in cell culture was independent stability. In ferrets, required a relatively stable (activation...
Influenza virological surveillance was conducted in Bangladesh from January to December 2021 live poultry markets (LPMs) and Tanguar Haor, a wetland region where domestic ducks have frequent contact with migratory birds. The predominant viruses circulating LPMs were low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 clade 2.3.2.1a highly (HPAI) H5N1 viruses. Additional LPAIs found both LPM (H4N6) Haor wetlands (H7N7). Genetic analyses of these strongly suggested long-distance movement along the...