A5010589671- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- African cultural and philosophical studies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics
2016-2024
Boehringer Ingelheim (France)
2024
Département Santé Animale
2024
Barcelona Institute for Global Health
2014-2023
Universitat de Barcelona
2012-2021
Institute of Medical Sciences
2014
Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
2010-2014
Banaras Hindu University
2010-2014
Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional
2014
Barcelona Centre for International Affairs
2012-2014
To provide data about wealth distribution in visceral leishmaniasis (VL)-affected communities compared to that of the general population Bihar State, India.After extensive disease risk mapping, 16 clusters with high VL transmission were selected Bihar. An exhaustive census all households was conducted and socio-economic household characteristics documented by questionnaire. Data on taken from National Family Health Survey India used for comparison. asset index developed based Principal...
Background In the Indian subcontinent, about 200 million people are at risk of developing visceral leishmaniasis (VL). 2005, governments India, Nepal and Bangladesh started first regional VL elimination program with aim to reduce annual incidence less than 1 per 10,000 by 2015. A mathematical model was developed support this basic quantifications transmission, disease intervention parameters. This used predict effects different strategies. Methods Findings Parameters on natural history...
Incidence of Leishmania donovani infection and Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) was assessed in a prospective study Indian Nepalese high-endemic villages. DAT-seroconversion used as marker incident 3 yearly surveys. The population followed up to month 30 identify clinical cases. In cohort 9034 DAT-negative individuals with neither active signs nor history VL at baseline, 42 cases 375 asymptomatic seroconversions were recorded the first year, giving an infection:disease ratio 8.9 1. 18 months'...
Phlebotomine sand flies are the subject of much research because role their females as only proven natural vectors Leishmania species, parasitic protozoans that causative agents neglected tropical disease leishmaniasis. Activity in this field was highlighted by eighth International Symposium on Sand (ISOPS) held September 2014, which prompted review focusing vector control. Topics reviewed include: Taxonomy and phylogenetics, Vector competence, Genetics, genomics transcriptomics,...
This study aimed to assess analytical parameters of a prototype LAMP kit that was designed for detection Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in human blood. The is based on the amplification highly repetitive satellite sequence T.cruzi microtubes containing dried reagents inside caps. reaction carried out at 65°C during 40 minutes. Calcein allows direct amplified products with naked eye. Inclusivity and selectivity were tested purified from stocks belonging six discrete typing units (DTUs), other...
Abstract On the Indian subcontinent, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is considered an anthroponosis. To determine possible reasons for its persistence during interepidemic periods, we mapped Leishmania infections among healthy persons and animals in area of active VL transmission Nepal. During 4 months (September 2007–February 2008), blood was collected from persons, goats, cows, buffaloes 1 village. were determined by using PCR. We found (6.1%), cows (5%), (4%), goats (16%). Data georeferenced...
<b>Objective</b> To test the effectiveness of large scale distribution longlasting nets treated with insecticide in reducing incidence visceral leishmaniasis India and Nepal. <b>Design</b> Paired cluster randomised controlled trial designed to detect a 50% reduction <i>Leishmania donovani</i> infection. <b>Setting</b> Villages Muzaffarpur district Saptari, Sunsari, Morang districts <b>Participants</b> 13 intervention control clusters. 12 691 people were included analysis main outcome...
To investigate the DDT and deltamethrin susceptibility of Phlebotomus argentipes, vector Leishmania donovani, responsible for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in two countries (India Nepal) with different histories insecticide exposure.Standard WHO testing procedures were applied using 4% 0.05% impregnated papers. The effect physiological status (fed unfed) females on outcome bioassays was assessed optimal time exposure evaluated a colony population. Field populations from both tested.Fed unfed...
Introduction Asymptomatic persons infected with the parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually outnumber clinically apparent cases by a ratio of 4–10 to 1. We assessed risk progression from infection disease as function DAT and rK39 serological titers. Methods used available data on four cohorts villages in India Nepal that are highly endemic for Leishmania donovani. In each cohort two serosurveys had been conducted. Based results initial surveys, subjects were classified...
It is estimated that between 8000 and 15 000 Trypanosoma cruzi infected babies are born every year to mothers in Chagas disease endemic countries. Currently, poor access performance of the current diagnostic algorithm, based on microscopy at birth serology 8-12 months after delivery, one barriers congenital (CCD) control. Detection parasite DNA using molecular tools could be an alternative or complement methods, but its implementation regions remains limited. Prompt diagnosis treatment CCD...
Abstract Background In recent years, a programme of vector control, screening and treatment gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) infections led to rapid decline in cases the Mandoul focus Chad. To represent biology transmission between humans tsetse, we previously developed mechanistic model, fitted data 2000 2013 which suggested that was interrupted by 2015. The present study outlines refinements model to: (1) Assess whether elimination has already been achieved despite low-level...
There is no consensus on the diagnostic algorithms for many scenarios of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which hinders establishment governmental guidelines in endemic and non-endemic countries. In acute phase, parasitological methods are currently employed, standardised surrogate molecular tests being introduced to provide higher sensitivity less operator-dependence. chronic IgG-based serological assays used, but if a single assay does not reach required accuracy, PAHO/WHO recommends at least...
Nepal reports a visceral leishmaniasis (VL) incidence of 5 per 10 000 year on the basis notification by health facilities, but little community-based epidemiological information exists. We report data prevalence rates Leishmania donovani infection in ten communities East Nepal.Ten clusters with highest VL were purposefully selected Nepal. All households mapped and socio-demographic past collected. An exhaustive serological survey was performed individuals aged >2 years, collecting finger...
Summary Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a deadly vector‐borne disease that causes an estimated 500 000 new cases year. In India, Nepal and Bangladesh, VL caused by Leishmania donovani , which transmitted from man to the sandfly Phlebotomus argentipes . 2005, these three countries signed memorandum of understanding eliminate region. Integrated vector management one pillars this elimination strategy, alongside early case detection treatment. We reviewed evidence effectiveness different control...
Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) control in the Indian subcontinent is currently based on case detection and treatment, vector using indoor residual spraying (IRS). The use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LN) has been postulated as an alternative or complement to IRS. Here we tested impact comprehensive distribution LN density Phlebotomus argentipes VL-endemic villages. Methods A cluster-randomized controlled trial with household P. outcome was designed. Twelve clusters from ongoing...
Background Visceral leishmaniasis is the world' second largest vector-borne parasitic killer and a neglected tropical disease, prevalent in poor communities. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) are low cost proven vector intervention method for malaria control; however, their effectiveness against visceral (VL) unknown. This study quantified effect of LNs on exposure to sand fly VL India Nepal during two year community trial. Methods As part paired-cluster randomized controlled clinical...
Introduction Asymptomatic persons infected with the parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually outnumber clinically apparent cases by a ratio of 4–10 to 1. We describe patterns markers Leishmania donovani infection and clinical VL in relation age Bihar, India. Methods selected eleven villages highly endemic for donovani. During 1-year interval we conducted two house surveys during which collected blood samples on filter paper from all consenting individuals aged 2 years above....
There is increasing interest in the role of asymptomatic infection transmission Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). We studied individual, household and environmental factors associated with Leishmania donovani infected individuals VL. 7,538 living VL endemic villages India Nepal were divided into three mutually exclusive groups based on their history Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) results yearly serosurveys over a two-year period. The (1) cases, (2) asymptomatically (seroconverters) (3)...
The incidence of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) in Uganda has been declining, from 198 cases 2008, to only 20 2012. Interruption transmission the disease by early diagnosis and treatment is core control eventual elimination gHAT. Until recently, format available screening tests had restricted central health facilities (passive screening). We describe a novel strategy that contributing gHAT through expansion passive entire population at risk.In this strategy, patients who are...
Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (g-HAT) is the chronic form of sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in West and Central Africa, while rhodesiense causes an acute eastern Africa. g-HAT targeted for elimination as a public health problem 2020 0 transmission 2030 [1,2]. Control largely based on identification treatment infected individuals, supplemented control tsetse fly vectors [3]. There has been growing evidence that when both case activities are carried out...
ISGlobal work is supported by the Departament d’Universitats i Recerca de la Generalitat Catalunya, Spain (AGAUR; 017SGR00924) and Instituto Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) RICET Network for Cooperative Research in Tropical Diseases (ISCIII; RD16/0027/0004 - PI1290) FEDER. MJP research Ministry of Health, Government Catalonia (PERIS 2016-2010 SLT008/18/00132). ICA, JG, FT are grant number U01AI129783 from National Institute Allergy Infectious (NIAID), Institutes Health (NIH). ICA also partly...