Vasuretha Chandar
A5091106561- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- interferon and immune responses
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Weill Cornell Medicine
2020-2024
Cornell University
2020-2024
Northeastern University
2024
The host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can result in prolonged pathologies collectively referred as post-acute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC) or long COVID. To better understand the mechanism underlying COVID biology, we compared short- and long-term systemic responses golden hamster after either SARS-CoV-2 influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Results demonstrated that exceeded IAV its capacity cause permanent injury lung kidney uniquely...
Recent clinical data have suggested a correlation between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes. Here, we describe the detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen in pancreatic beta cells autopsy samples from individuals with COVID-19. Single-cell RNA sequencing immunostaining ex vivo infections confirmed that multiple types islet were susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, eliciting cellular stress response induction chemokines. Upon infection, showed lower expression insulin higher alpha acinar...
The global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly pathogenic RNA virus causing disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. Although most patients with COVID-19 have mild illness and may be asymptomatic, some will develop pneumonia, distress syndrome, multi-organ failure, death. viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 are capable of hijacking epigenetic landscape host immune cells to evade antiviral defense. Yet, there remain considerable gaps our...
The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on placental function is not well understood. Analysis placentas from women who tested positive at delivery showed genomic and subgenomic RNA in 22 out 52 placentas. Placentas two mothers with symptomatic COVID-19 whose pregnancies resulted adverse outcomes for the fetuses contained high levels viral Alpha variant RNA. was localized to trophoblasts that cover fetal chorionic villi direct contact maternal blood. intervillous spaces were infiltrated...
COVID-19 patients commonly present with signs of central nervous system and/or peripheral dysfunction. Here, we show that midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are selectively susceptible and permissive to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection DA triggers an inflammatory cellular senescence response. High-throughput screening in hPSC-derived identified several FDA-approved drugs can rescue the...
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant mortality and morbidity around the world. Although effective vaccines have been developed, large parts of world remain unvaccinated while new SARS-CoV-2 strains keep emerging.
Aramchol is a fatty acid-bile acid conjugate that reduces liver fat content and being evaluated in phase III clinical trial for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). attenuates NASH mouse models decreases steatosis by downregulating the synthetic enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) hepatocytes. Although hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) also store lipids as retinyl esters, impact of this cell type unknown.We investigated effects on human HSC line (LX-2), primary HSCs (phHSCs), hepatocytes...
Lung-infiltrating macrophages create a marked inflammatory milieu in subset of patients with COVID-19 by producing cytokine storm, which correlates increased lethality. However, these are largely not infected SARS-CoV-2, so the mechanism underlying their activation lung is unclear. Type I interferons (IFN-I) contribute to protecting host against SARS-CoV-2 but may also have some deleterious effect, and source IFN-I lungs well defined. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), key cell type...
Coagulopathy is a significant aspect of morbidity in COVID-19 patients. The clotting cascade propagated by series proteases, including factor Xa and thrombin. While certain host TMPRSS2 furin, are known to be important for cleavage activation SARS-CoV-2 spike promote viral entry the respiratory tract, other proteases may also contribute. Using biochemical cell-based assays, we demonstrate that thrombin can directly cleave spike, enhancing infection at stage entry. Coagulation factors...
The molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and what distinguishes them from common seasonal influenza virus other lung injury states such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, remain poorly understood. To address these challenges, we combine transcriptional profiling 646 nasopharyngeal swabs 39 patient autopsy tissues to define body-wide transcriptome changes in response COVID-19. We then match data with spatial protein...
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Heart injury has been reported in up to 20% of COVID-19 patients, yet the cause myocardial histopathology remains unknown. Here, using an established vivo hamster model, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected cardiomyocytes infected animals. Furthermore, found damaged hamsters and autopsy samples. To explore mechanism, show both human pluripotent stem cell-derived (hPSC-derived CMs) adult (CMs) productively by SARS-CoV-2, leading secretion monocyte chemoattractant cytokine CCL2...
COVID-19 patients commonly present with neurological signs of central nervous system (CNS)1-3 and/or peripheral dysfunction4. However, which neural cells are permissive to infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been controversial. Here, we show that midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons derived from human pluripotent stem (hPSCs) selectively SARS-CoV-2 both in vitro and upon transplantation vivo, triggers a DA neuron inflammatory cellular senescence response....
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy leads to an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Although the placenta itself can be a target virus infection, most neonates are free and born healthy or recover quickly. Here, we investigated impact on from cohort women who were infected late had tested nasal swab positive for by qRT-PCR at delivery. genomic subgenomic RNA was detected in 23 out 54 placentas. Two placentas with high content obtained mothers presented severe COVID-19 whose...
SUMMARY SARS-CoV-2 has been found capable of inducing prolonged pathologies collectively referred to as Long-COVID. To better understand this biology, we compared the short- and long-term systemic responses in golden hamster following either or influenza A virus (IAV) infection. While exceeded IAV its capacity cause injury lung kidney, most significant changes were observed olfactory bulb (OB) epithelium (OE) where inflammation was visible beyond one month post Despite a lack detectable...
Abstract Heart injury has been reported in up to 20% of COVID-19 patients, yet the cause myocardial histopathology remains unknown. In order study pathology we used a hamster model determine whether following infection SARS-CoV-2, causative agent COVID-19, can be detected heart tissues. Here, clearly demonstrate that viral RNA and nucleocapsid protein is present cardiomyocytes hearts infected hamsters. Interestingly, functional cardiomyocyte associated gene expression was decreased hearts,...
Abstract The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has infected over 115 million people and caused 2.5 deaths worldwide. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying clinical manifestations of COVID-19, as well what distinguishes them from common seasonal influenza other lung injury states such Distress (ARDS), remains poorly understood. To address these challenges, we combined transcriptional profiling 646 nasopharyngeal swabs 39 patient autopsy tissues, matched...