Rita P. Loudermilk
A5004996067- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Immune cells in cancer
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes
University of California, San Francisco
2020-2024
Center for Neurosciences
2020-2022
The Ohio State University
2021
University of California, Davis
2018-2020
Although infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has pleiotropic and systemic effects in some individuals1-3, many others experience milder symptoms. Here, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the distinction between mild phenotypes pathology disease 2019 (COVID-19) its origins, we performed whole-blood-preserving single-cell analysis protocol integrate contributions from all major immune cell types blood-including neutrophils, monocytes,...
ABSTRACT Background Serological tests are crucial tools for assessments of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, infection and potential immunity. Their appropriate use interpretation require accurate assay performance data. Method We conducted an evaluation 10 lateral flow assays (LFAs) two ELISAs to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The specimen set comprised 128 plasma or serum samples from 79 symptomatic RT-PCR-positive individuals; 108 pre-COVID-19 negative controls; 52 recent individuals who underwent...
Individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently develop neurological symptoms, but the biological underpinnings of these phenomena are unknown. Through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and cytokine analyses cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood from individuals COVID-19 we find compartmentalized, CNS-specific T cell activation B responses. All affected had CSF anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies whose target epitopes diverged serum antibodies. In...
Significance B cells serve as a key weapon against infectious diseases. They also contribute to multiple autoimmune diseases, including sclerosis (MS) where depletion of is highly effective therapy. We describe comprehensive profile central nervous system (CNS)-specific transcriptional cell phenotypes in MS at single-cell resolution with paired immune repertoires. reveal polyclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG1 cerebrospinal fluid expansion polarized toward an inflammatory, memory...
BACKGROUND. Vaccine-elicited adaptive immunity is a prerequisite for control of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) differentially target humoral and cellular immunity. A comprehensive comparison the effects MS DMTs on vaccine–specific needed, including quantitative functional B T cell responses.
Comprehensive understanding of the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is important for both pathophysiologic insight and diagnostic development. Here, we generate a pan-human coronavirus programmable phage display assay perform proteome-wide profiling antigens enriched by 98 COVID-19 patient sera. Next, use ReScan, method efficiently sequester expressing most immunogenic peptides print them onto paper-based microarrays using acoustic liquid handling, which isolates identifies nine...
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread around the world, there is an urgent need for new assay formats characterize humoral response infection. Here, we present efficient, competitive serological that can simultaneously determine individual's seroreactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and proportion of anti-Spike antibodies block interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) required viral entry. In this approach based on use...
Abstract Vaccine-elicited adaptive immunity is an essential prerequisite for effective prevention and control of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19). Treatment multiple sclerosis (MS) involves a diverse array disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) that target antibody cell-mediated immunity, yet comprehensive understanding how MS DMTs impact SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses lacking. We completed detailed analysis vaccine-elicited spike antigen-specific IgG T cell in cohort healthy controls participants six...
Abstract Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the CNS in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Genome-wide association studies revealed more than 200 risk loci, most harbour genes primarily expressed immune cells. However, whether differences translated into cell-specific gene expression profiles to what extent these altered patients with multiple still open questions field. To assess cell type-specific a large cohort sclerosis, we sequenced whole transcriptome...
Abstract One third of COVID-19 patients develop significant neurological symptoms, yet SARS-CoV-2 is rarely detected in central nervous system (CNS) tissue, suggesting a potential role for parainfectious processes, including neuroimmune responses. We therefore examined immune parameters cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples from cohort with complications. found divergent immunological responses the CNS compartment, increased levels IL-12 IL-12-associated innate adaptive cell...
Abstract Although B cells are implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology, a predictive or diagnostic autoantibody remains elusive. Here, the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR), cohort over 10 million individuals, was used to generate whole-proteome profiles hundreds patients with MS (PwMS) years before and subsequently after onset. This analysis defines unique cluster PwMS that share an signature against common motif has similarity many human pathogens. These exhibit...
ABSTRACT As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread around the world, there is an urgent need for new assay formats characterize humoral response infection. Convalescent serum being used treatment and isolation of patient-derived antibodies. However, currently not a simple means estimate bulk neutralizing capability. Here we present efficient competitive serological that can simultaneously determine individual’s seropositivity against Spike protein capacity anti-Spike antibodies block interaction...
Giardia lamblia, a widespread parasitic protozoan, attaches to the host gastrointestinal epithelium by using ventral disc, complex microtubule (MT) organelle. The 'cup-like' disc is formed spiral MT array that scaffolds numerous disc-associated proteins (DAPs) and higher-order protein complexes. In interphase, hyperstable has limited dynamics; however, it remains unclear how DAPs confer these properties. To investigate mechanisms of hyperstability, we confirmed disc-specific localization...
NMDA receptor mediated autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR-AE) frequently results in persistent sensory-motor deficits, especially children, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated long- term effects of exposure to a patient-derived GluN1-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) during critical developmental period (from postnatal day 3 12) mice. We observed long-lasting deficits characteristic NMDAR-AE, along with permanent changes callosal axons within primary...
Abstract While SARS-CoV-2 infection has pleiotropic and systemic effects in some patients, many others experience milder symptoms. We sought a holistic understanding of the severe/mild distinction COVID-19 pathology, its origins. performed wholeblood preserving single-cell analysis protocol to integrate contributions from all major cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes contents serum. Patients with mild disease display coordinated pattern interferonstimulated...
New epitopes for immune recognition provide the basis of anticancer immunity. Due to high concentration extracellular adenosine triphosphate in tumor microenvironment, we hypothesized that kinases (ectokinases) could have dysregulated activity and introduce aberrant phosphorylation sites on cell surface proteins. We engineered a cell-tethered version kinase CK2α, demonstrated it was active cells under tumor-relevant conditions, profiled its substrate scope using chemoproteomic workflow. then...
CD8+ T cells are the dominant lymphocyte population in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions where they highly clonally expanded. The clonal identity, function, and antigen specificity of MS not well understood. Here we report a comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq cell receptor (TCR)-seq analysis cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood from cohort treatment-naïve patients control participants. A small subset expanded activated CSF-enriched were abundant people with displayed high cytotoxicity tissue-homing...
Abstract Neutrophils frequently infiltrate solid tumors, where they can have pro-tumor effects that significantly worsen clinical outcomes for many types of cancer. However, our understanding how neutrophils benefit tumors is far from complete. In the tumor microenvironment, encounter myriad signals stimulate release myeloperoxidase (MPO), a peroxidase has commonly been thought to be cytotoxic due its catalytic generation highly reactive oxygen species, hypochlorous acid. in this study we...
Abstract Giardia is a common protistan parasite that causes diarrheal disease worldwide. Motile trophozoites colonize the small intestine, attaching to villi with ventral disc, unique and complex microtubule (MT) organelle. Attachment host epithelium allows resist peristalsis during infection of gastrointestinal tract. Despite our emerging view complexity disc architecture, we are still in very preliminary stages understanding how specific structural elements contribute stability or generate...
Abstract While SARS-CoV-2 infection has pleiotropic and systemic effects in some patients, many others experience milder symptoms. We sought a holistic understanding of the severe/mild distinction COVID-19 pathology, its origins. performed whole-blood preserving single-cell analysis protocol to integrate contributions from all major cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes contents serum. Patients with mild disease display coordinated pattern interferon-stimulated...