A5022100631- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Disaster Response and Management
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2024-2025
VA North Texas Health Care System
2024-2025
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014-2024
Center for Global Health
2018-2023
Cairo University
2016
Ministry of Health
2015-2016
King Abdulaziz University
2015-2016
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2014-2016
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2016
National Guard Health Affairs
2015
A marked increase in the number of cases Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection occurred Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, early 2014. We evaluated patients with MERS-CoV Jeddah to explore reasons for this and assess epidemiologic clinical features disease.We identified all laboratory-confirmed that were reported Arabian Ministry Health from January 1 through May 16, conducted telephone interviews symptomatic who not health care personnel, we reviewed hospital records. as...
Abstract Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes a spectrum of illness. We evaluated whether cycle threshold (Ct) values (which are inversely related to virus load) were associated with clinical severity in patients from Saudi Arabia whose nasopharyngeal specimens tested positive for this by real-time reverse transcription PCR. Among 102 patients, median Ct 31.0 the upstream E gene target 41 (40%) who died was significantly lower than 33.0 61 survivors (p = 0.0087). In...
Introduction Although several studies have explored factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) from HIV care, there remains a gap in understanding how these vary by setting, volume of patient and patients' demographic clinical characteristics. We determined rates LTFU care Lilongwe, Malawi. Methods conducted retrospective cohort study HIV-infected individuals aged 15 years or older at the time registration for 12 ART facilities, between April 2012 March 2013. HIV-positive who had not...
During March-May 2014, a Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak occurred in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, that included many persons who worked or received medical treatment at King Fahd General Hospital. We investigated 78 had laboratory-confirmed MERS during March 2-May 10 and documented contact this hospital. The with comprised 53 patients, 16 healthcare workers, 9 visitors. Among the most probable sites of acquisition were emergency department (22 patients), inpatient areas (17),...
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing integrase inhibitors (INSTIs) and/or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has been associated with greater weight gain. Yet few studies have delineated between exposure to 'anchor' drugs [protease (PI), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTI) or INSTIs] and nucleoside (NRTIs).
The increase in severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases due to the omicron strain led reduced care hospital beds at Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, North Texas; veterans with non-severe disease 2019 (COVID-19) were managed a community living center (CLC), VA nursing home. management of COVID-19 homes has not been extensively described. We describe resident characteristics and outcomes, infection control practices implemented during outbreak periods (January...
Abstract Background: COVID-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) was described early in the pandemic as a complication of SARS-CoV-2. Data about incidence and characteristics affected patients after mid-2021 are limited. Methods: A retrospective, nationwide cohort US Veterans with SARS-CoV-2 from 1/1/2020 to 2/7/2024 created. Potential cases ≤12 weeks test were flagged electronically (based on testing results indicative invasive fungal infection, antifungal therapy, and/or ICD-10 codes),...
Background. We describe the impact of early initiation influenza antiviral treatment among pregnant women hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed during 2010–2014 seasons. Methods. Severe was defined as illness ≥1 following: intensive care unit admission, need for mechanical ventilation, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, or death. Within severity stratum, we used parametric survival analysis to compare length stay by timing treatment, adjusting underlying conditions,...
Monitoring prevalence of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease (i.e., CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/μL) among persons starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important to understand ART program outcomes, inform HIV prevention strategy, and forecast need for adjunctive therapies.*,†,§ To assess trends in at initiation 10 high-burden countries during 2004-2015, records 694,138 enrollees aged ≥15 years from 797 facilities were analyzed. Availability national electronic medical...
ABSTRACT Human infections with influenza A(H5N1) virus in Cambodia increased sharply during 2013. Molecular characterization of viruses detected clinical specimens from human cases revealed the presence mutations associated alteration receptor-binding specificity (K189R, Q222L) and respiratory droplet transmission ferrets (N220K Q222L). Discovery quasispecies at position 222 (Q/L), addition to absence poultry/environmental samples, suggested that occurred infection did not transmit further.
Background: Earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) may decrease progression to advanced HIV disease (AHD) with CD4 count of <200 cells per cubic millimeter or clinical sequelae. We assessed factors associated AHD among people living before and during the “test treat” era. Setting: The African Cohort Study prospectively enrolls adults without from 12 clinics in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria. Methods: Enrollment evaluations included history, physical examination, laboratory testing....
Tenofovir (TDF) has been associated with renal tubular injury. Biomarkers that signal early dysfunction are needed because creatinine rise lags behind TDF-associated kidney dysfunction. We examined several urinary biomarkers to determine if rises accompanying TDF initiation preceded changes.Three of impairment--neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and β-2-microglobulin (β2MG)--were measured across 3 time points (one pre-TDF visit 2 post-TDF...
Respiratory and diarrheal diseases are leading causes of morbidity mortality among children younger than 5 years in developing countries. Data on the burden these Haiti scarce.We conducted a retrospective review hospital admission registries during January 1, 2011-December 31, 2013 for 6 hospitals Haiti. We recorded number all-cause, respiratory disease admissions deaths by epidemiologic week age.A total 31,565 1763 were aged <5 study period. accounted 9183 (29%) hospitalizations 301 (17%)...
Background As Zimbabwe approaches epidemic control of HIV, programs now prioritize viral load over CD4 monitoring, making it difficult to identify persons living with HIV (PLHIV) suffering from advanced disease (AD). We present an analysis cross-sectional ZIMPHIA data, highlighting PLHIV AD and concurrent suppression (VLS). Methods collected blood specimens for testing 22,501 consenting adults (ages 15 years older); 3,466 had VL results. Household used the national serial algorithm, those...
Purpose: Oxidant stress may be an effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) or chronic HIV infection. Plasma F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) reflect lipid peroxidation and oxidant have been described in ART-associated toxicities. We explored factors associated with F2-IsoP HIV-infected adults. Methods: adults enrolled this cross-sectional study were (a) on ART including zidovudine stavudine but not non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), (b) NNRTI, (c) ART. levels quantified by...
Background. Our objective was to determine the impact of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and degree immunosuppression on biologic false-positive (BFP) rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods. This a nested retrospective study HIV-infected patients enrolled in Johns Hopkins HIV Clinical Cohort. BFP RPR defined as reactive nonreactive fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) test. Patients were compared 2...
Providing more convenient and patient-centred options for service delivery is a priority within global HIV programmes. These efforts improve patient satisfaction retention free up time providers to focus on new diagnoses or severe illness. Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic precipitated expanded eligibility criteria these differentiated (DSD) models decongest clinics protect patients healthcare workers. This has resulted in dramatic scale-up of DSD antiretroviral...
In sub-Saharan Africa, more women than men access HIV testing and treatment may have better viral load suppression (VLS). We utilized routinely reported aggregated program data from 21 African countries to examine sex differences in VLS death rates within antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs supported by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).We included persons aged 15 + years on ART October-December 2020 disaggregated age each subnational unit (SNU). used...
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up among people living with HIV (PLHIV), those advanced disease (AHD) (defined in adults as CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 or clinical stage 3 4), remain at high risk of death from opportunistic infections. The shift routine baseline testing towards viral load conjunction "Test and Treat" has limited AHD identification.We used official estimates existing epidemiological data to project deaths tuberculosis (TB) cryptococcal meningitis (CM) PLHIV-initiating...
For adults and adolescents, the World Health Organization defines advanced HIV disease (AHD) as a CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) count <200 cells/mm3 or clinical stage 3 4 event. We describe outcomes in cohort AHD patients at two regional hospitals Lesotho. From November 2018-June 2019, we prospectively enrolled eligible (≥15 years) not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) presenting with WHO-defined into differentiated model care for (including rapid ART initiation) followed them six months....
Abstract Background Data on oseltamivir treatment among hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients are limited. Methods Patients with CAP at 6 hospitals during the 2010−2012 influenza seasons were included. We assessed factors associated using logistic regression. Results Oseltamivir was provided to 89 of 1627 (5%) children (&lt;18 years) and 143 1051 (14%) adults. Among those positive clinician-ordered tests, 39 61 (64%) 37 48 (77%) adults received oseltamivir. children,...
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