Carrie Reed
A5048224712- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Chinese history and philosophy
- Japanese History and Culture
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016-2025
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2016-2025
Emory University
2025
AID Atlanta
2020-2024
Michigan Department of Health and Human Services
2024
Texas Department of State Health Services
2024
United States Department of State
2024
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
2024
Intermountain Healthcare
2024
Baylor University
2024
Community-acquired pneumonia is a leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death among U.S. adults. Incidence estimates confirmed radiographically with the use current laboratory diagnostic tests are needed.
Incidence estimates of hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia among children in the United States that are based on prospective data collection limited. Updated has been confirmed radiographically and with use current laboratory diagnostic tests needed.We conducted active population-based surveillance requiring hospitalization younger than 18 years age three hospitals Memphis, Nashville, Salt Lake City. We excluded recent or severe immunosuppression. Blood respiratory specimens...
Reported cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection likely underestimate the prevalence in affected communities. Large-scale seroprevalence studies provide better estimates proportion population previously infected.
As of June 11, 2009, a total 17,855 probable or confirmed cases 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) had been reported in the United States. Risk factors for transmission remain largely uncharacterized. We characterize risk and describe virus within households.
This report from CDCâs Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) replaces the 2007 Interim Pre-pandemic Planning Guidance: Community Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Mitigation in United States â Early, Targeted, Layered Use of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions.
To calculate the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (pH1N1) in United States, we extrapolated from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infections Program laboratory-confirmed hospitalizations across entire then corrected underreporting. From 12 April to 10 2010, estimate that approximately 60.8 million cases (range: 43.3–89.3 million), 274 304 (195 086–402 719), 469 deaths (8868–18 306) occurred States due pH1N1. Eighty-seven percent those under 65 years age with children...
Annual estimates of the influenza disease burden provide information to evaluate programs and allocate resources. We used a multiplier method with routine population-based surveillance data on hospitalization in United States correct for under-reporting estimate seasons after 2009 pandemic. Five sites Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) collected frequency sensitivity testing during two under-detection. Population-based rates influenza-associated Intensive Care Unit...
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is associated with recent or current SARS-CoV-2 infection. Information on MIS-C incidence limited.To estimate population-based per 1 000 person-months and to infections persons younger than 21 years.This cohort study used enhanced surveillance data identify during April June 2020, 7 jurisdictions reporting both the Centers for Disease Control Prevention national Overcoming COVID-19, a multicenter study. Denominators estimates were derived...
Through July 2009, a total of 43,677 laboratory-confirmed cases influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 were reported in the United States, which is likely substantial underestimate true number. Correcting for under-ascertainment using multiplier model, we estimate that 1.8 million-5.7 million occurred, including 9,000-21,000 hospitalizations.
Background Accurate measures of the severity pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza (pH1N1) are needed to assess likely impact an anticipated resurgence in autumn Northern Hemisphere. Severity has been difficult measure because jurisdictions with large numbers deaths and other severe outcomes have had too many cases total number confidence. Also, detection may be more likely, resulting overestimation average case. We sought estimate probabilities that symptomatic infection would lead...
Background Estimates of influenza disease burden are broadly useful for public health, helping national and local authorities monitor epidemiologic trends, plan allocate resources, promote vaccination. Historically, estimates the seasonal in United States, focused mainly on influenza‐related mortality hospitalization, were generated every few years. Since 2010‐2011 season, annual US have been expanded to include outpatient medical visits symptomatic illness community. Methods We used...
hospital admissions are subject to lag.
Abstract Background The severity of the 2017–2018 influenza season in United States was high, with A(H3N2) viruses predominating. Here, we report vaccine effectiveness (VE) and estimate number vaccine-prevented influenza-associated illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, deaths for season. Methods We used national age-specific estimates coverage disease burden. estimated VE against medically attended reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction–confirmed virus infection ambulatory...
Improved understanding of transmission SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), within households could aid control measures. However, few studies have systematically characterized SARS-CoV-2 in U.S. (1). Previously reported rates vary widely, and data on from children are limited. To assess household transmission, a case-ascertained study was conducted Nashville, Tennessee, Marshfield, Wisconsin, commencing April 2020. In this study, index patients were defined...
The seasonal incidence of influenza is often approximated as 5%–20%. We used 2 methods to estimate the symptomatic in United States. First, we made a statistical extrapolated from influenza-associated hospitalization rates for 2010–2011 2015–2016, collected part national surveillance, covering approximately 9% States, and including existing mix vaccinated unvaccinated persons. Second, performed literature search meta-analysis published manuscripts that followed cohorts subjects during...
COVID-19 testing provides information regarding exposure and transmission risks, guides preventative measures (e.g., if when to start end isolation quarantine), identifies opportunities for appropriate treatments, helps assess disease prevalence (1). At-home rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) are a convenient accessible alternative laboratory-based diagnostic nucleic acid amplification (NAATs) SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes (2-4). With emergence of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) B.1.1.529...
Abstract Background In the United States, laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is nationally notifiable. However, reported case counts are recognized to be less than true number of cases because detection and reporting incomplete can vary by severity, geography, over time. Methods To estimate cumulative incidence severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, symptomatic illnesses, hospitalizations, we adapted a simple probabilistic multiplier model....
<h3>Importance</h3> The number of SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19–associated hospitalizations deaths prevented among vaccinated persons, independent the effect reduced transmission, is a key measure vaccine impact. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate adults in US. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> In this modeling study, multiplier model was used to extrapolate from data on stratified by state, month, age group (18-49, 50-64, ≥65 years) US December 1, 2020, September 30, 2021. These...
Comprehensive and timely information on influenza virus characteristics is critical for determining when the flu season starts which viruses are circulating, identifying preparing use in vaccines, detecting novel with potential pandemic spread.In 2013, first edition of "Right Size Roadmap" was released.The document result an initiative begun 2010, led partnership by Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) Association Public Health Laboratories (APHL) engaged various stakeholders, including:...
In the United States, annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months.Using data from four vaccine effectiveness (VE) networks during 2023-24 season, interim VE was estimated among patients months with acute respiratory illness-associated medical encounters using a test-negative casecontrol study design.Among children and adolescents 6 months-17 years, against influenza-associated outpatient visits ranged 59% to 67% hospitalization 52% 61%.Among adults ≥18 33% 49%...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses have caused widespread infections in dairy cows and poultry the United States, with sporadic human cases. We describe characteristics of cases identified from March through October 2024 States.
The United States was the second country to have a major outbreak of novel influenza A/H1N1 in what has become new pandemic. Appropriate public health responses this pandemic depend part on early estimates key epidemiological parameters virus defined populations.We use likelihood-based method estimate basic reproductive number (R(0)) and serial interval using individual level U.S. data from Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC). We adjust missing dates illness changes case...