Leila C. Sahni
A5088402750- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Texas Children's Hospital
2016-2025
Baylor College of Medicine
2018-2025
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
2023
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2023
Emory University
2023
Nationwide Children's Hospital
2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2010-2023
Children's Medical Center
2023
Children's Hospital of New Orleans
2023
Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
2019-2022
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe postinfectious hyperinflammatory condition, which generally occurs 2-6 weeks after typically mild or asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 (1-3). In United States, BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine currently authorized for use and adolescents aged 5-15 years under an Emergency Use Authorization fully licensed by Food Drug Administration persons ≥16 (4). Prelicensure randomized trials ≥5...
Spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant, which led to increased U.S. hospitalizations for disease 2019 (Covid-19), generated concern about immune evasion and duration protection from vaccines in children adolescents.Using a case-control, test-negative design, we assessed vaccine effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 leading hospitalization critical (i.e., receipt life support or death). From July 1, 2021, February...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalized acute respiratory illness (ARI) among young children. With RSV vaccines and immunoprophylaxis agents in clinical development, we sought to update estimates US pediatric hospitalization burden.Children <5 years old for ARI were enrolled through active, prospective, population-based surveillance from November 1, 2015, June 30, 2016, at 7 hospital sites. Clinical information was obtained parent interviews medical records....
Infants younger than 6 months of age are at high risk for complications coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and not eligible vaccination. Transplacental transfer antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after maternal Covid-19 vaccination may confer protection in infants.
COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for persons who are pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to get pregnant now, or might become in the future, protect them from COVID-19.§ Infants at risk life-threatening complications COVID-19, including acute respiratory failure (1). Evidence other vaccine-preventable diseases suggests that maternal immunization can provide protection infants, especially during high-risk first 6 months of life, through passive transplacental antibody transfer (2). Recent...
The increasing incidence of pediatric hospitalizations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) caused by the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in United States has offered an opportunity to assess real-world effectiveness BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine adolescents between 12 and 18 years age.
The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by viruses including influenza virus, syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), parainfluenza (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants young (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in United States. In August 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, for aged <8 months to protect against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection during their first RSV season and children 8-19 at increased risk severe disease. phase 3 clinical trials, nirsevimab efficacy with was 81% (95% CI = 62%-90%) through 150 days...
Rhinoviruses and/or enteroviruses, which continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic, are commonly detected in pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Yet detailed characterization of rhinovirus enterovirus detection over time is limited, especially by age group and health care setting.
In the United States, annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months.Using data from four vaccine effectiveness (VE) networks during 2023-24 season, interim VE was estimated among patients months with acute respiratory illness-associated medical encounters using a test-negative casecontrol study design.Among children and adolescents 6 months-17 years, against influenza-associated outpatient visits ranged 59% to 67% hospitalization 52% 61%.Among adults ≥18 33% 49%...
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in US infants. Accurate estimates severe RSV disease inform policy decisions for prevention. METHODS We conducted prospective surveillance children &lt;5 years old with acute respiratory illness from 2016 to 2020 at 7 pediatric hospitals. interviewed parents, reviewed medical records, and tested midturbinate nasal ± throat swabs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction other viruses. describe...
OBJECTIVE: The goal was to assess the effectiveness of complete (3-dose) or partial (1- 2-dose) immunization with pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) against acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in US clinical practice. METHODS: A case-control evaluation conducted February through June 2008 at an emergency department Houston, Texas. Case patients AGE (N = 90) were identified testing for fecal specimens obtained from 205 children 15 days 23 months age presenting AGE. Control groups included...
We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient emergency department (ED) visits in US children.We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009-June 2010 2010-June 2011 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested by enzyme immunoassay genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed cases was compared rotavirus-negative controls....
A genetic polymorphism affecting FUT2 secretor status in approximately one-quarter of humans European descent affects the expression histo-blood group antigens on mucosal epithelia human respiratory, genitourinary, and digestive tracts. These serve as host receptor sites necessary for attachment infection some pathogens, including norovirus.We investigated whether an association exists between laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections US children.Multicenter case-control observational study...
Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is authorized for use in children and adolescents aged 12-15 years licensed by the Food Drug Administration (FDA) persons ≥16 (1). A randomized placebo-controlled trial demonstrated an efficacy of 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 75.3%-100%) preventing outpatient (2); however, data among on effectiveness (VE) against real-world settings are limited, especially hospitalized patients. In early September 2021, U.S. pediatric hospitalizations reached highest...
OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before during pandemic. METHODS This study was prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen emergency departments inpatient settings 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected evaluated by molecular testing....
Increases in severe respiratory illness and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) among children adolescents resulting from enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections occurred biennially the United States during 2014, 2016, 2018, primarily late summer fall. Although EV-D68 annual trends are not fully understood, levels were lower than expected 2020, potentially because of implementation COVID-19 mitigation measures (e.g., wearing face masks, enhanced hand hygiene, physical distancing) (1). In August 2022,...
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), linked to antecedent severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is associated with considerable morbidity. Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection or disease 2019 (COVID-19) by vaccination might also decrease MIS-C likelihood.In a multicenter, case-control, public health investigation ages 5-18 years hospitalized from 1 July 2021 7 April 2022, we compared the odds being fully vaccinated (2 doses BNT162b2 vaccine ≥28 days...
Background. Using a multicenter, active surveillance network from 2 rotavirus seasons (2012 and 2013), we assessed the vaccine effectiveness of RV5 (RotaTeq) RV1 (Rotarix) vaccines in preventing gastroenteritis hospitalizations emergency department (ED) visits for numerous demographic secular strata. Methods. We enrolled children hospitalized or visiting ED with acute (AGE) 2012 2013 at 7 medical institutions. Stool specimens were tested by enzyme immunoassay genotyped, vaccination histories...
Background. Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a significant cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) has conducted active surveillance for RVA at hospitals and emergency departments 3–7 geographically diverse sites in the United States since 2006. Methods. Over 6 consecutive years, from 2008 to 2013, 1523 samples NVSN that were tested positive by Rotaclone enzyme immunoassay submitted Centers Disease Control Prevention genotyping. Results. In...
Based on active, prospective surveillance of acute respiratory illness through the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, EV-D68 was detected in two (0.8%) patients 2017 and 358 (13.9%) 2018. Detections 2018 peaked September.
Infants aged <6 months are not eligible for COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccination during pregnancy has been associated with protection against infant COVID-19-related hospitalization. The Overcoming Network conducted a case-control study March 9, 2022-May 31, 2023, to evaluate the effectiveness of maternal receipt vaccine dose (vaccine [VE]) hospitalization in infants and subset <3 months. VE was calculated as (1 - adjusted odds ratio) x 100% among all Case-patients (infants hospitalized outside...