Rangaraj Selvarangan
A5053267770- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
Children's Mercy Hospital
2016-2025
University of Missouri–Kansas City
2015-2024
Sisters of Mercy Health System
2020-2024
Seattle Children's Hospital
2010-2024
Vanderbilt University
2017-2024
Jewish Hospital
2024
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
2024
University of Arizona
2024
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
2024
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
2022-2024
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has been infrequently reported historically, and is typically associated with isolated cases or small clusters of respiratory illness. Beginning in August, 2014, increases severe illness EV-D68 were across the USA. We aimed to describe clinical, epidemiological, laboratory features this outbreak, better understand role <h3>Methods</h3> collected regional syndromic surveillance data for epidemiological weeks 23 44, (June 1 Nov 1,...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalized acute respiratory illness (ARI) among young children. With RSV vaccines and immunoprophylaxis agents in clinical development, we sought to update estimates US pediatric hospitalization burden.Children <5 years old for ARI were enrolled through active, prospective, population-based surveillance from November 1, 2015, June 30, 2016, at 7 hospital sites. Clinical information was obtained parent interviews medical records....
Antibody Responses after a Single Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA VaccineTo the Editor: Currently, two vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that involve messenger RNA (mRNA) platform technology have been approved for emergency use by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (mRNA-1273, Moderna; BNT162b2, Pfizer). 1,2Phase 3 trials these showed greater than 90% efficacy at preventing symptomatic infection doses administered to 4 weeks apart.These primarily involved...
Abstract Noroviruses are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) among adults and children worldwide. NoroSurv is global network for norovirus strain surveillance <5 years age with AGE. Participants in 16 countries across 6 continents used standardized protocols dual typing (genotype polymerase type) uploaded 1,325 dual-typed sequences to the web portal during 2016–2020. More than 50% submitted were GII.4 Sydney[P16] or Sydney[P31] strains. Other common strains included GII.2[P16],...
The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by viruses including influenza virus, syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), parainfluenza (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants young (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in United States. In August 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, for aged <8 months to protect against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection during their first RSV season and children 8-19 at increased risk severe disease. phase 3 clinical trials, nirsevimab efficacy with was 81% (95% CI = 62%-90%) through 150 days...
Rhinoviruses and/or enteroviruses, which continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic, are commonly detected in pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Yet detailed characterization of rhinovirus enterovirus detection over time is limited, especially by age group and health care setting.
In the United States, annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months.Using data from four vaccine effectiveness (VE) networks during 2023-24 season, interim VE was estimated among patients months with acute respiratory illness-associated medical encounters using a test-negative casecontrol study design.Among children and adolescents 6 months-17 years, against influenza-associated outpatient visits ranged 59% to 67% hospitalization 52% 61%.Among adults ≥18 33% 49%...
Most research to understand postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID, has focused on adults, with less known about this complex condition in children. Research is needed characterize pediatric PASC enable studies underlying mechanisms that will guide future treatment.
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in US infants. Accurate estimates severe RSV disease inform policy decisions for prevention. METHODS We conducted prospective surveillance children &lt;5 years old with acute respiratory illness from 2016 to 2020 at 7 pediatric hospitals. interviewed parents, reviewed medical records, and tested midturbinate nasal ± throat swabs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction other viruses. describe...
Background. Recently, epidemiological and clinical data have revealed important changes with regard to adenovirus infection, including alterations in antigenic presentation, geographical distribution, virulence of the virus. Methods. In an effort better understand epidemiology infection United States, we adopted a new molecular typing technique study isolates collected from 22 medical facilities over 25-month period during 2004–2006. A hexon gene sequence method was used characterize 2237...
We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient emergency department (ED) visits in US children.We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009-June 2010 2010-June 2011 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested by enzyme immunoassay genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed cases was compared rotavirus-negative controls....
Human parechovirus (HPeV) causes central nervous system (CNS) infection in infants. To further understand HPeV CNS infection, we describe its clinical, laboratory and epidemiologic characteristics from a Midwestern US tertiary care center. Because infections have appeared clinically seasonally similar to enterovirus (EV) infections, retrospectively compared of young infants undergoing sepsis evaluations whom HPeV, EV or neither were detected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).HPeV real-time...
A genetic polymorphism affecting FUT2 secretor status in approximately one-quarter of humans European descent affects the expression histo-blood group antigens on mucosal epithelia human respiratory, genitourinary, and digestive tracts. These serve as host receptor sites necessary for attachment infection some pathogens, including norovirus.We investigated whether an association exists between laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections US children.Multicenter case-control observational study...
Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Noroviruses bind to gut histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), but only 70%-80% individuals have functional copy the FUT2 ("secretor") gene required for HBGA expression; these are known as "secretors." Susceptibility some noroviruses depends on secretor status, population impact this association not established.From December 2011 November 2012, active AGE surveillance was performed at 6 geographically diverse pediatric sites in United...
This report details an increase in cases of enterovirus D68, a cause severe respiratory illness most commonly found children, and one that should be considered as potentially problematic donors or recipients. September 12, 2014/63(36):798–799 On 8, 2014, this was posted MMWR Early Release on the website (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). August 19, CDC notified by Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City, Missouri, (relative to same period previous years) patients examined hospitalized with illness,...
OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before during pandemic. METHODS This study was prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen emergency departments inpatient settings 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected evaluated by molecular testing....
Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) is highly prevalent in Asia and now being reported from Europe. Few data on MRMP are available the United States. Using genotypic phenotypic methods, we detected high-level 13.2% of 91 M. pneumoniae--positive specimens 6 US locations.
There are sparse data to indicate the extent that macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMp) occurs in United States or its clinical significance. Between 2015 and 2018, hospitals 8 states collected stored respiratory specimens tested positive for M. sent them University of Alabama at Birmingham, where real-time PCR was performed detection 23S rRNA mutations known confer macrolide resistance. MRMp detected 27 360 (7.5%). prevalence significantly higher South East (18.3%) than West...
Abstract Background The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, there are three approved vaccines against in USA, including two based on messenger RNA (mRNA) technology that has demonstrated high vaccine efficacy. We sought to characterize humoral immune responses, at resolution, during immunization BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) individuals or without prior history natural infection. Methods determined antibody...
Increases in severe respiratory illness and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) among children adolescents resulting from enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections occurred biennially the United States during 2014, 2016, 2018, primarily late summer fall. Although EV-D68 annual trends are not fully understood, levels were lower than expected 2020, potentially because of implementation COVID-19 mitigation measures (e.g., wearing face masks, enhanced hand hygiene, physical distancing) (1). In August 2022,...
: Human parechovirus (HPeV) infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in children can be associated with severe outcomes such as neonatal sepsis-like illness, meningitis, or paralysis. We sought to determine prevalence HPeV CNS and clinical presentation from United States.: Frozen nucleic acid extracts enterovirus-negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained at Children's Mercy Hospitals Clinics, Kansas City 2006 (n = 242), 2007 324), 2008 218) were tested by 2-step real-time reverse...