A5086146977- HIV Research and Treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
Nagasaki University
2016-2025
Nagasaki University Hospital
2012-2024
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
2009-2024
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
1999-2023
Yao Tokushukai General Hospital
2023
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
1991-2022
Southampton Hospital
2019
Kameda Medical Center
2018-2019
Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health
2018-2019
Balkh University
2017
Many people who remain persistently seronegative despite frequent HIV exposure have HIV-specific immune responses. The study of these may provide information about mechanisms natural protective immunity to HIV-1. We describe the specificity cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in prostitutes Nairobi are apparently resistant infection. These women had a range African HIV-1 variants, primarily clades A, C, and D, for up 12 yr without becoming infected. Nearly half them CTL directed towards...
Aedes aegypti, the major vector of dengue viruses, often breeds in water storage containers used by households without tap supply, and occurs high numbers even dense urban areas. We analysed interaction between human population density lack as a cause fever outbreaks with aim identifying geographic areas at highest risk.
Background The increasing burden of pneumonia in adults is an emerging health issue the era global population aging. This study was conducted to elucidate community-onset (COP) and its etiologic fractions Japan, world's most aged society. Methods A multicenter prospective surveillance for COP from September 2011 January 2013 Japan. All patients ≥15 years, including those with community-acquired (CAP) care-associated (HCAP), were enrolled at four community hospitals on major islands....
Background The genetic differences among HIV-1 subtypes may be critical to clinical management and drug resistance surveillance as antiretroviral treatment is expanded regions of the world where diverse non-subtype-B viruses predominate. Methods Findings To assess impact subtype on distribution mutations in protease reverse transcriptase, a binomial response model using explanatory variables was used analyze large compiled dataset sequences. Non-subtype-B sequences from 3,686 persons with...
The interplay between nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, viral coinfection, and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) is poorly understood. We explored this association in Vietnamese children aged less than 5 years.A hospital-based case-control study of pediatric LRTIs was conducted Nha Trang, Vietnam. A total 550 hospitalized (274 radiologically confirmed pneumonia [RCP] 276 other LRTIs) were enrolled 350 healthy controls randomly selected from the community. Polymerase chain...
After a typhoon in September 2009, an outbreak of leptospirosis occurred Metro Manila, the Philippines; 471 patients were hospitalized and 51 (10.8%) died. A hospital-based investigation found risk factors associated with fatal infection to be older age, hemoptysis, anuria, jaundice, delayed treatment antimicrobial drugs.
Methods Study setting and populationViet Nam is a low-income country with an estimated total population of 87 million.According to data from the United Nations Children's Fund, 2003 2008 average annual number births in was 1 494 000 prevalence low birth weight 7%.In 2008, maternal mortality ratio 150 per Abstracts ,عريب 中文, Français, Pусский Español at end each article.Objective To examine association between gestational gain body mass index (BMI) among Vietnamese women risk delivering...
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is responsible for more fatalities than the SARS coronavirus, despite being in initial stage of a global pandemic. first suspected case Philippines was investigated on January 22, 2020, and 633 cases were reported as March 1. We describe clinical epidemiological aspects two confirmed COVID-19 Philippines, both admitted to national infectious disease referral hospital Manila.Both patients previously healthy Chinese nationals vacation travelling couple during...
Although several coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines initially showed high efficacy, there have been concerns because of waning immunity and the emergence variants with immune escape capacity.A test-negative design case-control study was conducted in 16 healthcare facilities Japan during Delta-dominant period (August-September 2021) Omicron-dominant (January-March 2022). Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 infection calculated for doses...
Abstract Background Little is known about snakebites by Naja samarensis, a species unique to the Philippines. The aim here describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients bitten this medically important cobra in Eastern Visayas. Methods A hospital-based prospective study analysed features snakebite attending Visayas Medical Center between June 2022 May 2023. Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with severity. Results total 175 five fatalities were...
Objectives To determine the rates of, and risk factors for, mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV-1 HIV-2 infection in The Gambia. Design A blinded, prospective, community-based cohort study 29 549 pregnant women attending eight largest antenatal clinics Methods Women were tested for infection. Infected subjects a group HIV-seronegative followed with their babies until 18 months after delivery. Maternal CD4 cell count percentages measured before delivery, plasma viral load was...
ABSTRACT Investigating escape mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is essential for understanding the pathogenesis HIV-1 infection and developing effective vaccines. To study processing presentation known CTL epitopes, we prepared Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells that endogenously express gag gene six field isolates by adopting an env/nef -deletion vector pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis G protein then tested them...
Objective: To study the evolution of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human type 8 in Europe and Africa. Design methods: PCR sequence analysis variable viral membrane glycoprotein gene K1 58 tumour peripheral blood samples from patients with AIDS-related sarcoma (KS), 'classic' (HIV-negative) KS, transplant Multicentric Castleman's Disease, other lymphoproliferative disorders, healthy KSHV-infected individuals UK, Denmark, Sweden, Italy, Spain, Iceland, The Faroe Islands,...
Objective Few data exist on the virological response to antiretroviral therapy of individuals infected with African HIV-1 subtypes. Our objective was compare response, in our clinic, HIV-1-infected patients their British and European contemporaries treated same regimes. Design The St Mary's Hospital HIV database used identify drug-naive starting a highly active (HAART) regimen. Methods subtype determined by phylogenetic analysis pol sequences. Kaplan–Meier survival estimate proportion...
Hospitalized Vietnamese children with acute respiratory infection were investigated for 13 viral pathogens using multiplex-polymerase chain reaction. We enrolled 958 of whom 659 (69%) had documented infection: rhinovirus (28%), syncytial virus (23%), influenza (15%), adenovirus (5%), human metapneumo (4.5%), parainfluenza and bocavirus (2%). These a range viruses which underscores the need enhanced surveillance in tropical developing countries.
Abstract Background There have been no previous studies of the long-term survival and temporal changes in plasma viral load among HIV-2 infected subjects. Methods 133 158 HIV-uninfected subjects from a rural area North-west Guinea-Bissau, West Africa were enrolled into prospective cohort study 1991 followed-up to mid-2009. Data collected on four occasions during that period HIV antibodies, CD4% load. Results Median age (interquartile range [IQR]) at time enrollment was 47 (36, 60) years,...
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection in children less than 5 years age. The impact non-RSV coinfection on the severity RSV disease unknown. Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was conducted Nagasaki, Japan, all age with (ARI) who had undergone rapid diagnostic test between April 2009 and March 2010. Thirteen viruses were identified from nasopharyngeal swab samples using multiplex polymerase chain reaction;...
Comprehensive population-based data on the role of respiratory viruses in development lower tract infections (LRTIs) remain unclear. We investigated incidence and effect single multiple with risk LRTIs Vietnam. Population-based prospective surveillance a case-control study hospitalised paediatric patients acute infection (ARI) were conducted from April 2007 through to March 2010. Healthy controls randomly recruited same community. Nasopharyngeal samples collected tested for 13 using...