Abstract Induction of secreted acid phosphatase (APase) is a universal response higher plants to phosphate (Pi) limitation. These enzymes are thought scavenge Pi from organophosphate compounds in the rhizosphere and thus increase availability when deficient. The tight association APase with root surface may make more efficient utilization soil around tissues, which present forms. To date, however, no systematic molecular, biochemical, functional studies have been reported for any...

Abstract Null mutants are essential for analyzing gene function. Here, we describe a simple and efficient method to generate Caenorhabditis elegans null using CRISPR/Cas9 short single stranded DNA oligo repair templates insert universal 43-nucleotide-long knock-in cassette (STOP-IN) into the early exons of target genes. This STOP-IN has stop codons in all three reading frames leads frameshifts, which will putative mutations regardless frame insertion position exons. The also contains an...

Microorganisms related to plant roots are vital for growth and health considered be the second genome of plant. When is attacked by pathogens, diversity community structure plant-associated microbes might changed. The goal this study characterize differences in root-associated endophytic actinobacterial composition antifungal activity between Fusarium wilt diseased healthy cucumber screen actinobacteria potential biological control cucumber. In present research, three plants (also termed...

The ability to manipulate gene activity and control transgene expression is essential study function. While several genetic tools for modifying genes or controlling separately are available Caenorhabditis elegans , there no approaches generate mutations that simultaneously disrupt function provide access the cells expressing disrupted gene. To achieve this, we developed a versatile trap strategy based on cGAL, GAL4-UAS bipartite system C . We designed cGAL cassette used CRISPR/Cas9 insert it...

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been implicated in the execution of diverse rhythmic behaviors, but how cAMP functions neurons to generate behavioral outputs remains unclear. During defecation motor program C. elegans, a peptide released from pacemaker (the intestine) rhythmically excites GABAergic that control enteric muscle contractions by activating G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway is dependent on cAMP. Here, we show elegans PKA catalytic subunit, KIN-1, sole...

Significance Discovering where a gene acts, when it is required, and the consequence of its perturbation are essential for understanding function. These tasks require genetic tools that allow precise control expression at will. In this paper, we combine split intein strategy bipartite system to develop refined method controlling transgene in Caenorhabditis elegans . The new specifies only cells two distinct promoters active, allowing spatiotemporal control. Our work provides C. community...

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is a key rate-limiting enzyme involved in starch synthesis. APL1, an AGPase large subunit, plays important role the growth and development of grapes; however, its function withstanding low temperature (LT) remains elusive. Hence, VaAPL1 was cloned from Vitis amurensis (Zuoshan I), characterized. The gene highly expressed phloem V. during winter dormancy (0, −5, − 10°C). Phylogenetic relationships demonstrated that closely genetic related to SlAPL1 (from...

Electrical synapses are specialized structures that mediate the flow of electrical currents between neurons and have well known roles in synchronizing activities neuronal populations, both by mediating current transfer from more active to less shunting their neighbors. However, how these positive negative functions coordinated shape rhythmic synaptic outputs behavior is not understood. Here, using a combination genetics, behavioral analysis, live calcium imaging Caenorhabditis elegans, we...

RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved gene-silencing phenomenon that can be triggered by delivery of double-stranded (dsRNA) to cells and widely exploited technology in analyses gene function. Although number proteins facilitate RNAi have been identified, current descriptions interrelated mechanisms are far from complete. Here, we report the Caenorhabditis elegans haf-6 required for efficient RNAi. HAF-6 member ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. ABC transporters use ATP...

Abstract In Caenorhabditis elegans, exogenous dsRNA can elicit systemic RNAi, a process that requires the function of many genes. Considering activities these genes are also required for normal development, it is surprising exposure to high concentrations does not adverse consequences animals. Here, we report inducible phenotypes in attenuated C. elegans strains reared environments include nonspecific and elevated temperature. Under conditions, chromosome integrity compromised RNAi-defective...

Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent neuromodulator in the brain, and its effects on cognition memory formation are largely performed through muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). mAChRs often preferentially distributed specialized membrane regions neurons, but significance of mAChR localization modulating neuronal function not known. Here we show that <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> homolog M1/M3/M5 family mAChRs, <i>gar-3,</i> expressed cholinergic motor GAR-3-GFP fusion proteins localize...

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect.Several WNT genes are involved in craniofacial embryogenesis, and therefore may play an important role the etiology of NSCL/P.Two SNPs (rs3809857 rs9890413) WNT3 gene were subjected to case-control case-parent analysis by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) 236 unrelated patients NSCL/P, including 128 elementary families (185 mothers 154 fathers), 400 control individuals...

The aim of this study was to determine the association between two SNPs (rs2235371 and rs2013162) in interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene non-syndromic cleft palate (NSCP) northeast China. We genotyped these 104 NSCP cases, as well 178 parents 300 controls. Case-control case-parent analyses were performed using χ2 tests family-based (FBAT). Results indicated that there significant differences both genotypic allelic distributions patients controls at rs2235371 rs2013162 IRF6 gene....

Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms are conserved and consist of an interrelated network activities that not only respond to exogenous dsRNA, but also perform endogenous functions required in the fine tuning gene expression maintaining genome integrity. Not surprisingly, RNAi have widespread influences on cellular function organismal development. Previously, we observed a reduced capacity mount response nine Caenorhabditis elegans mutants defective ABC transporter genes (ABCRNAi...

Abstract Chitosan/organic rectorite (CTS/OREC) composites were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry X-ray diffraction. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was immobilized on CTS/OREC physical adsorption (APPO) covalent binding (CPPO). Taguchi method applied in the optimization of immobilization conditions resulting highest enzyme activity 16.37 × 103 8.92 103U/g for APPO CPPO, respectively. higher than that while CPPO showed loading capacity APPO. The removal percentage...

Abstract Wilson's Disease (WD), an ATP7B-mutated inherited disease that affects copper transport, is characterised by liver and nervous system manifestations. Long non-coding (ln-c) RNAs are widely involved in almost all physiological pathological processes the body, associated with numerous diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate lncRNA-mRNA regulation network a TX WD mouse model using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). lncRNA expression profiles were screened RNA-seq real-time polymerase...

Animals integrate sensory information from the environment and display various behaviors in response to external stimuli. In Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites, 33 types of neurons are responsible for chemosensation, olfaction, mechanosensation. However, functional roles all have not been systematically studied due lack facile genetic accessibility. A bipartite cGAL-UAS system has previously developed study tissue- or cell-specific functions C. . Here, we report a toolkit new cGAL drivers...

To mitigate the deleterious effects of temperature increases on cellular organization and proteotoxicity, organisms have developed mechanisms to respond heat stress. In eukaryotes, HSF1 is master regulator shock transcriptional response, but response pathway not yet fully understood. From a forward genetic screen for suppressors heat-shock-induced gene expression in

We studied four Chinese families with pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) to investigate the clinical features and associated genetic mutations.Linkage analysis was performed for all map disease locus onto autosomal chromosomes, related loci involved in HSP on X chromosome were also examined.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing used detect gene mutations.To confirm influence of a splice-site mutation mRNA, we reverse transcription-PCR direct sequencing.Linkage ATL1 amniocytes...

Abstract Chemosensation plays a role in the behaviors and life cycles of numerous organisms, including nematodes. Many guilds nematodes exist, ranging from free-living Caenorhabditis elegans to various parasitic species such as entomopathogenic (EPNs), which are parasites insects. Despite ecological differences, previous research has shown that both EPNs C. respond prenol (3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol), an odor associated with EPN infections. However, it is unclear how responds prenol. By utilizing...