A5027820225- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- dental development and anomalies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- interferon and immune responses
- Rabies epidemiology and control
Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage
2016-2024
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail
2014-2024
Modèles Insectes de l'Immunité Innée
2020-2023
Université d'Angers
2020
Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie
2020
Coronaviruses are closely monitored in the context of emerging diseases and, as illustrated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), known to cross species barrier eventually move from wildlife humans. Knowledge diversity coronaviruses is therefore essential better understand prevent emergence events. This study explored presence four wild mammal orders France: Bats, rodents, lagomorphs, hedgehogs. Betacoronavirus...
Spike-based COVID-19 vaccines induce potent neutralizing antibodies but their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants decreases. OVX033 is a recombinant protein composed of the full-length nucleocapsid (N) genetically fused to oligoDOM ® , self-assembling domain which improves antigen immunogenicity. including N as an antigenic target proposed new vaccine candidate providing broad-spectrum protection sarbecoviruses. demonstrated its ability trigger cross-reactive T cell responses and...
Understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against COVID-19, in case severe illness but also when disease mild. The use appropriate experimental animal models remains central vivo exploration physiopathology antiviral strategies. This study describes intranasal ferrets hamsters with low doses low-passage clinical French isolate UCN19, describing levels, excretion, immune responses pathological patterns both species....
Impaired type I interferons (IFNs) production or signaling have been associated with severe COVID-19, further promoting the evaluation of recombinant IFNs as therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Syrian hamster model, we show that intranasal administration IFN-α starting one day pre-infection post-infection limited weight loss and decreased viral lung titers. By contrast, at onset symptoms three days had no impact on clinical course Our results provide evidence early IFN treatment is...
Leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonosis with worldwide distribution, represents major public health challenge. It is caused by the spirochete Leptospira, whose main reservoir in urban environments brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus ). Understanding transmission dynamics of this disease within population essential for controlling risk human infection. In study, an original capture method was used to analyze variations carriage and load according age two distinct populations rats, provide better...
The recent discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses (alpha-CoVs) in European and Asian rodents revealed that rodent coronaviruses (CoVs) sampled worldwide formed a discrete phylogenetic group within this genus. To determine the evolutionary history CoVs more detail, particularly relative frequencies virus-host co-divergence cross-species transmission, we recovered longer fragments CoV genomes from previously discovered alpha-CoVs using combination PCR high-throughput sequencing. Accordingly,...
The development of high-throughput genome sequencing enables accurate measurements levels sub-consensus intra-host virus genetic diversity and analysis the role played by natural selection during cross-species transmission. We analysed experimental evolution rabies (RABV), an important example a that is able to make multiple host jumps. In particular, we (i) analyzed RABV switching with goal identifying possible markers adaptation, (ii) compared mutational changes observed passage those in...
In recent years, outbreaks caused by multi-host pathogens (MHP) have posed a serious challenge to public and animal health authorities. The frequent implication of wildlife in such disease systems lack guidelines for mitigating these diseases within wild populations partially explain why the are particularly challenging. To face challenges, French Ministry Agriculture launched multi-disciplinary group experts that set out discuss main specific concepts management MHP how integrate...
Previous studies based on two-dimensional methods have suggested that the great morphological variability of cranial shape in domestic dogs has impacted bite performance. Here, we used a three-dimensional biomechanical model dissection data to estimate force 47 various breeds at several points and gape angles. In vivo for three Belgian shepherd was validate our model. We then geometric morphometrics investigate drivers variation describe relationships between overall jaws force. The output...
Abstract Anosmia is one of the most prevalent symptoms SARS-CoV-2 infection during COVID-19 pandemic. However, cellular mechanism behind sudden loss smell has not yet been investigated. The initial step odour detection takes place in pseudostratified olfactory epithelium (OE) mainly composed sensory neurons surrounded by supporting cells known as sustentacular cells. project their axons to bulb central nervous system offering a potential pathway for pathogens enter bypassing blood brain...
The majority of bat rabies cases in Europe are attributed to European 1 lyssavirus (EBLV-1), circulating mainly serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus). Two subtypes have been defined (EBLV-1a and EBLV-1b), each associated with a different geographical distribution. In this study, we undertake comprehensive sequence analysis based on 80 newly obtained EBLV-1 nearly complete genome sequences from nine countries over 45-year period infer selection pressures, rates nucleotide substitution,...
Soon after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020,
Oral vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) has provided protection against M. to badgers both experimentally in the field. There is also evidence suggesting that persistence live BCG within host important for maintaining TB. Here we investigated capacity badger inductive mucosal sites absorb maintain BCG. The targeted mucosae were oropharyngeal cavity (tonsils sublingual area) small intestine (ileum). We showed significant quantities persisted tissues...
The jaw system in canids is essential for defence and prey acquisition. However, how it varies wild species comparison with domestic remains poorly understood, yet of interest terms understanding the impact artificial selection. Here, we explored variability interrelationships between upper lower jaws, muscle architecture bite force red fox (Vulpes vulpes). We performed dissections used 3D geometric morphometric approaches to quantify shape 68 foxes. a static lever model estimates were...
Soon after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection several mink farms breeding American minks ( Neovison vison ) for fur was detected various European countries. The risk a new reservoir being formed and reverse zoonosis from quickly became major concern. aim this study to investigate four French see whether circulating there late 2020. investigations took place during slaughtering period, thus facilitating different types sampling (swabs...
The advent of unbiased metagenomic virus discovery has revolutionized studies biodiversity and evolution. Despite this, our knowledge the virosphere, including in mammalian species, remains limited. We used sequencing to identify RNA viruses European field voles rabbits. Accordingly, we identified a number novel astrovirus, rotavirus A, picorna-like narmovirus (paramyxovirus). In addition, sobemovirus luteovirus that likely originated from rabbit diet. These newly discovered were often...
Abstract Impaired type I interferons (IFNs) production or signaling have been associated with severe COVID-19, further promoting the evaluation of recombinant IFNs as therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Syrian hamster model, we show that intranasal administration IFN-α starting one day pre-infection post-infection limited weight loss and decreased viral lung titers. By contrast, at onset symptoms three days had no impact on clinical course Our results provide evidence early IFN...
Abstract Understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies against COVID-19, in case severe illness but also when disease mild. The use appropriate experimental animal models remains central in-vivo exploration physiopathology antiviral strategies. This study describes intra-nasal ferrets hamsters with low doses low-passage clinical French isolate UCN19, describing levels, excretion, immune responses pathological patterns both...
Summary In‐depth knowledge on the mechanisms that maintain infection by a zoonotic pathogen in an animal reservoir is key to predicting and preventing transmission humans. The Puumala orthohantavirus ( PUUV ), most prevalent Western Europe, causes mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome HFRS ) In France, this endemic illness affects north‐eastern part country. We conducted 4‐year capture–mark–recapture study bank vole population, combined molecular analyses, explore...
There is extensive evidence that SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the gastrointestinal tract. However, infectivity of virions feces poorly documented. Although primary mode transmission airborne, risk from contaminated remains to be assessed.