Background Fractional technology overcomes the problems of ablative lasers, such as inaccurate depth control and damage to epidermis. Minimally invasive fractional radiofrequency microneedle devices allow for more-selective heating dermis. Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy (ERM) treatment in acne scars large facial pores. Materials Methods Thirty patients with pores were enrolled. Bipolar energy was delivered skin through electrodes FRM device. Skin lesions evaluated according grade...

Background/purpose Age, gender, regional, and ethnic differences influence skin conditions. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects environments, especially air temperature, relative humidity, pressure, duration sunshine, precipitation on skin, seasonal variation in hydration, sebum, scales, brightness, elasticity Korean females. Methods included 89 subjects, aged 29.7 ± 6.2 years. five biophysical parameters (skin elasticity) were measured at six sites: forehead, under eye,...

It has been recently recognized that p-coumaric acid (PCA) is a strong inhibitor of cellular melanogenesis.To evaluate the erythema-suppressive and skin-lightening effects PCA after topical application to human skin.The control cream products were applied twice daily skin forearm 21 subjects before ultraviolet (UV) irradiation determine whether they could prevent erythema formation pigmentation. The also different areas only induction or pigmentation have depigmenting effect.A 7-day UV...

Abstract Objective Although dissolving microneedle patches have been widely studied in the cosmetics field, no comparisons drawn with topical applications available for routine use. In this study, two wrinkle‐improving products, adenosine‐loaded and an adenosine cream, were evaluated efficacy, respect to skin wrinkling, dermal density, elasticity, hydration, safety a clinical test on crow's feet area. Methods Clinical efficacy tests performed 10 weeks 22 female subjects wrinkles around their...

Dissolving microneedle (DMN), a transdermal drug delivery system in which drugs are encapsulated biodegradable polymeric microstructure, is designed to dissolve after skin penetration and release the into body. However, because of limited loading capacity within microsized structures, only small dosage can be delivered, often insufficient for patients. We propose novel DMN application that combines topical simultaneously improve permeation efficiency. Drugs pretreated formulation patch...

Summary Background For effective skin depigmentation, the depigmentation agent must be delivered to melanocytes, where melanin is synthesized. Although dissolving microneedle ( DMN ) one of best transdermal drug delivery systems deliver active compound, no clinical trial has been conducted in terms safety and efficacy. Objectives To assess efficacy a patch that contained 4‐n‐butylresorcinol, agent. Methods In assessment, 31 subjects were selected for primary irritation test using Frosch...

Background/Objectives: Skin color is innately determined by race and other genetic factors, it also undergoes acquired changes due to various intrinsic extrinsic factors. Previous studies on skin have mainly focused the face, research has recently expanded body parts. However, there limited information about age-dependent in of these The purpose this study analyze differences between parts each part with age. Methods: This examined 53 Korean women subjects evenly distributed age from 20s 60s...

Summary Background Dissolving microneedles (DMNs), microscale needles with a biodegradable polymer matrix, have been widely investigated for transdermal drug delivery. However, the restricted loading space of DMNs limited delivery desired quantity active compounds. In this study, we developed novel combinatorial therapies involving sequential application adenosine‐loaded DMN (Ad‐DMN) patches and topical cream (Ad‐cream). The created skin channels, which delivered encapsulated drugs from both...

Summary Background Copper up‐regulates the secretion of extracellular skin proteins and stabilizes matrix once formed. As copper can be absorbed through intact skin, we reasoned that sleeping on pillowcases containing copper‐impregnated fibers would reduce wrinkles. Objective Demonstrate facial Patients/Methods An 8‐week, double blind, parallel, randomized study was carried out, in which healthy volunteers, aged 30–60, used either oxide‐containing (1% weight/weight) (test group, n = 30) or...

Summary Background Epidermal and fibroblast growth factor ( EGF FGF 1) proteins play an important role in the regeneration proliferation of skin cells. 1 have considerable potential as possible therapeutic or cosmetic agents for treatment damage including wrinkles. Objectives Using protein transduction domains PTD ), we investigated whether ‐ transduced into cells tissue. Transduced showed protective effects a UV ‐induced model well against Methods were detected by immunofluorescence...

Abstract Objectives Resveratryl triglycolate ( RTG ) is a hybrid compound derived by the esterification of resveratrol with glycolic acid. This has been previously shown to inhibit cellular melanin synthesis in vitro . study aimed examine vivo skin‐depigmenting efficacy human participants. Methods In total, 22 women aged between 25 and 49 years Fitzpatrick skin type III or IV were enrolled. Their forearms exposed UV induce artificial pigmentation. The test product containing 0.4% control was...

Summary Background Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) have been used for skin restoration and wrinkle improvement. Although lipophilic compounds, example, natural oils or ceramides, enrich the barrier, their delivery via DMNs is challenging because of DMN fabrication difficulties. Objectives In present study, we combined a topical formulation patch to perform two‐phase comprising hydrophilic compound‐loaded improve barrier status efficacy drug delivery. Methods Horse oil‐spread adenosine‐loaded...

Tight junction (TJ) is recognized as a second barrier of the skin. Altered expression TJ proteins in various skin diseases characterized by abnormal permeability such psoriasis suggests that could be affected stratum corneum (SC) status. However, physiological relationship between SC and remains to investigated. Therefore, we examined effect disruption on proteins, claudin (Cldn)-1 Cldn-4, function hairless mouse We also investigated whether alterations epidermal Ca2+ vivo. Repeated...

Background/purpose: A recently developed method to estimate skin smoothness is the replica method, which may have limitation of roughness difference actual due skin‐replicating process. Therefore, observation dermal layer change very important. For this purpose, ultrasonic display equipment generally used. The purpose present study was investigate correlation between and density in wrinkle evaluation. Methods: We evaluated crow's feet 95 Korean females using mechanical assessments;...

Melasma is an acquired type of hyperpigmentation that characterized by the appearance scattered light- to dark-brown macules and patches on face. Recently, several lasers have been proposed as treatment options for melasma. In particular, picosecond alexandrite laser ideal selective photothermal melanolysis. The aim our study was compare effectiveness in melanolysis a single with Q-switched Nd:YAG using reflectance confocal microscopy imaging melasma lesions.We performed spilt-face eight...

All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and all-trans-retinol (ROL) are not widely used as anti-wrinkle agents due to their irritancy photo-stability, respectively. Therefore, the safety photo-stability in development of RA or ROL derivatives have been an important issue.To identify efficacy retinyl retinoate anti-aging agent cosmetics treating females over 30 years old with periorbital wrinkles.The clinical study was a prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled total 11 Korean women. At every 4...

The microthermal zone (MTZ) produced by fractional device have been mostly evaluated through histopathologic analysis. Study of ablative type MTZ created and skin thermal interaction using in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has rarely reported.We the human RCM images ablated radiofrequency (RF) treatment to demonstrate between RF tissue.Three healthy male subjects underwent a single irradiation on upper back area. diameter, area, depth was measured RCM. Three female domestic swine...

Background/Purpose Many ingredients used in cosmetics evoke a comedogenic response. Rabbit ear model ( REM ) is useful method that can replace human examining materials and products early developmental stage. However, number of studies pointed out its disadvantage it overreacts to materials. The purpose this study was find the most appropriate region for evaluating comedogenicity skin. Methods Sixty‐six female subjects (age 32.48 ± 10 years; range 20–52 years) with mild moderate facial acne...

Facial cleansing is important to clean and exfoliate the skin while maintaining optimal physiologic function. However, there insufficient data on very early stage of change after applying soap or foam. We investigated recovery kinetics facial physiology during 180 min exposure cleanser.For study, 22 Korean female subjects with normal dry oily type were recruited in this study. Study required have face washing done within 12 hours prior visiting research center, only toner, lotion, cream...

화장품은 일반인이 장기간 연용하는 제품으로 인체 피부에 대한 안전성이 매우 중요하다. 화장품에 의한 접촉피부염은 자극성 물질이 접촉 후 침투하여 유발하는 염증반응으로 활성화된 면역세포에서 염증을 매개하는 다양한 인자를 분비함으로써 시작된다. 본 연구에서는 국산 생약 추출물을 이용하여 RAW264.7 대식 세포에서 염증 관련 인자에 영향을 통해 항염증 활성을 스크리닝 하였다. 51종의 추출물 중 측백, 측백엽(초), 향부자, 형개, 동과자, 산약, 산약(초), 상지, 송절, 택사의 에탄올 10종이 lipopolysaccharide(LPS)에 의해 유도된 세포독성을 감소시킴과 동시에 인자인 Nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1<TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>의 생성을 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 이들 추출물은 인체피부에서도 자극을 유발하지...

Recent studies about the important roles of autophagy signaling in sebaceous lipogenesis and epidermal differentiation suggest potential benefits activation acne.To investigate effects an activator on acne-prone skin.Autophagy human immortalized SZ95 sebocytes, normal keratinocytes, 3D reconstituted skin was examined. Effects autophagy-activating peptide were measured by fluorescence microscopic analysis. The clinical efficacy evaluated through eight-week, double-blind, randomized,...

Despite the invention of various non-invasive bioengineering tools, skin-type analysis has largely been based on subjective assessments. However, advancements in functional cosmetic industry and artificial intelligence-assisted dermatology are creating a greater demand for an objective classification system.To propose system solely non-invasive, devices; provide reference values applicable to Korean population; compare our with those published studies.Biophysical parameter measurements were...

Synopsis There have been few reports classifying the biophysical characteristics of Korean women with healthy skin. Consequently, aim this study was to find most useful parameters for categorizing skin types based on a clinical assessment. One hundred and three female volunteers, aged 20–59, participated in study. We conducted self‐evaluation questionnaire, assessment facial skin, non‐invasive measurements cheek under controlled environmental conditions. The questionnaire survey indicated...