A5006860546- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Physical Activity and Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Hip disorders and treatments
- Biotin and Related Studies
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
University of Oxford
2015-2023
Nuffield Health
2023
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2016
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust
2016
Abstract Background There is limited prospective evidence on the association between meat consumption and many common, non-cancerous health outcomes. We examined associations of intake with risk 25 common conditions (other than cancer). Methods used data from 474,985 middle-aged adults recruited into UK Biobank study 2006 2010 followed up until 2017 (mean follow-up 8.0 years) available information at baseline (collected via touchscreen questionnaire), linked hospital admissions mortality...
Background: Human metabolism is influenced by dietary factors and lifestyle, environmental, genetic factors; thus, men who exclude some or all animal products from their diet might have different metabolic profiles than meat eaters. Objective: We aimed to investigate differences in concentrations of 118 circulating metabolites, including acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, hexose, sphingolipids related lipid, protein, carbohydrate between male eaters, fish...
<h3>Background</h3> Epidemiological evidence supports a positive association between circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and breast cancer risk, but both the magnitude causality of this relationship are uncertain. We conducted observational analyses with adjustment for regression dilution bias, Mendelian randomization (MR) allowed causal inference. <h3>Patients methods</h3> investigated associations IGF-1 incident risk in 206 263 women UK Biobank. Multivariable...
There is limited prospective evidence on possible differences in fracture risks between vegetarians, vegans, and non-vegetarians. We aimed to study this a cohort with large proportion of non-meat eaters.In EPIC-Oxford, dietary information was collected at baseline (1993-2001) follow-up (≈ 2010). Participants were categorised into four diet groups both time points (with 29,380 meat eaters, 8037 fish 15,499 1982 vegans analyses total fractures). Outcomes identified through linkage hospital...
Abstract Circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is positively associated with the risks of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, but evidence for other less common cancers limited. In this study, we investigated associations between serum IGF-I concentrations incidence in UK Biobank study. To enable comparison effect estimates, as positive controls, both cancer sites (total 30) were included an outcome-wide analysis. Data from 394,388 cancer-free participants study analyzed....
Higher physical activity levels are associated with lower risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, but associations many common less severe health conditions not known. These impose large care burdens reduce quality life.To investigate the association between accelerometer-measured subsequent risk hospitalization for 25 reasons to estimate proportion these hospitalizations that might have been prevented if participants had higher activity.This prospective cohort study used data...
Prostate cancer is the most common in British men but its aetiology not well understood. We aimed to identify risk factors for prostate males. studied 219 335 from UK Biobank study who were free at baseline. Exposure data collected recruitment. by different exposures was estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. In all, 4575 incident cases of occurred during 5.6 years follow-up. positively associated with following: black ethnicity (hazard ratio vs white=2.61,...
Abstract Background Red and processed meat have been consistently associated with colorectal cancer risk, but evidence for other sites poultry intake is limited. We therefore examined associations between total, red incidence 20 common cancers. Methods analyzed data from 474 996 participants (54% women) in UK Biobank. Participants were aged 37–73 years cancer-free at baseline (2006–10). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models used to determine incidence. Trends risk across the...
Abstract Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and testosterone have been implicated in prostate cancer aetiology. Using data from a large prospective full‐cohort with standardised assays repeat blood measurements, genetic an international consortium, we investigated the associations of circulating IGF‐I, sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG), total calculated free concentrations incidence mortality. For analyses, risk was estimated using multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression 199 698 male UK...
Differences in health outcomes between meat-eaters and non-meat-eaters might relate to differences dietary intakes these diet groups. We assessed of major protein-source foods other food groups six participating the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC)-Oxford study. The data were from 30,239 participants who answered questions regarding their consumption meat, fish, dairy or eggs completed a frequency questionnaire (FFQ) 2010. Participants categorized as regular...
Abstract Background Previous studies suggest a protective role of physical activity in breast cancer risk, largely based on self-reported activity. We aimed to clarify this association by examining risk relation activity, informed accelerometer-based measures large subset participants. Methods analysed data from 47,456 premenopausal and 126,704 postmenopausal women UK Biobank followed 2006 2014. Physical was at baseline, resurvey subsample 6443 Accelerometer data, measured 2013 2015, were...
Abstract Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of testosterone with aggressive disease as a primary endpoint. Further, association genetically predicted is not known. We investigated calculated free and measured total sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) aggressive, overall early‐onset prostate cancer. In blood‐based analyses, odds ratios (OR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression from prospective analysis...
Abstract Background Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) with clinically relevant prostate cancer as a primary endpoint, association genetically predicted IGF-I aggressive is not known. We aimed investigate IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 IGFBP-3 concentrations overall, early-onset cancer. Methods Prospective analysis biomarkers using Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers...
Little is known about how pre-diagnostic metabolites in blood relate to risk of prostate cancer. We aimed investigate the prospective association between plasma metabolite concentrations and cancer overall, by time diagnosis tumour characteristics, death from In a case-control study nested European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition, 122 (including acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, hexose sphingolipids) were measured using targeted mass...
Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the etiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent cancer risk, using data from 3,057 matched case-control sets European Prospective Investigation Cancer Nutrition (EPIC). measured 119 concentrations samples, collected on average 9.4 years before diagnosis, by mass spectrometry (AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit, Biocrates Life Sciences...
Abstract Background The global prevalence of diabetes is high and rapidly increasing. Some previous studies have found that vegetarians might a lower risk than non-vegetarians. Objective We examined the association between vegetarianism hospitalisation or death with in large, prospective cohort study British adults. Methods analysed included participants from European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC)-Oxford who were free at recruitment (1993–2001), available dietary...
Although prostate cancer is a leading cause of death, its aetiology not well understood. We aimed to identify novel biochemical factors for incidence and mortality in UK Biobank.
Metabolomics may help to elucidate mechanisms underlying diet-disease relationships and identify novel risk factors for disease. To inform the design interpretation of such research, evidence on diet-metabolite associations cross-assay comparisons is needed. We aimed compare nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolite profiles between meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians vegans, NMR measurements those from mass spectrometry (MS), clinical chemistry capillary gas-liquid chromatography (GC)....
BackgroundMicroseminoprotein-beta (MSP), a protein secreted by the prostate epithelium, may have protective role in development of cancer. The only previous prospective study found 2% reduced cancer risk per unit increase MSP. This work investigates association MSP with using observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.Patients methodsA nested case–control was conducted European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC) 1871 cases matched controls. Conditional...
Exposure to higher levels of melatonin may be associated with lower breast cancer risk, but epidemiologic evidence has been limited. We examined the relationship in a case-control study nested within Diagnostisch Onderzoek Mammacarcinoom (DOM) and conducted meta-analysis prospective studies.Concentrations 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) prediagnostic first morning urine voids were measured 274 postmenopausal women diagnosed matched controls from DOM study. Conditional logistic regression models...
Abstract Background Red and processed meat has been consistently associated with risk for colorectal cancer, but evidence other cancer sites is limited few studies have examined the association between poultry intake risk. We associations total meat, red incidence 20 common sites. Methods Findings analysed data from 475,023 participants (54% women) in UK Biobank. Participants were aged 37-73 years free at baseline. Information on consumption was based a touchscreen questionnaire completed...
Abstract Purpose Physical activity may reduce the risk of some types cancer in men. Biological mechanisms involve changes hormone concentrations; however, this relationship is not well established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate associations physical with circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG, which modifies activity), and total free testosterone concentrations, extent these might be mediated by body mass index (BMI). Methods Circulating...
Abstract Background There is limited prospective evidence on the association between meat consumption and many common, non-cancerous health outcomes. We examined associations of intake with risk 25 common conditions (other than cancer). Methods used data from 474 998 middle-aged men women recruited into UK Biobank study 2006 2010 followed-up until 2017 (mean follow-up 8.0 years) available information at baseline (collected via touchscreen questionnaire), linked hospital admissions mortality...
Abstract Background Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and testosterone have been implicated in prostate cancer aetiology. Using newly available data from a large prospective full-cohort with standardised assays repeat blood measurements, genetic an international consortium, we aimed to investigate the associations of circulating concentrations IGF-I, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total calculated free risk. Patients methods For analyses incidence mortality, studied 199,698 male UK...