A5016888539- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Sex work and related issues
- Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
2017-2024
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
2014-2024
Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia
2018
Gartnavel General Hospital
2009-2013
University of Aberdeen
2003-2008
An outbreak of acute hepatitis unknown aetiology in children was reported Scotland1 April 2022 and has now been identified 35 countries2. Several recent studies have suggested an association with human adenovirus this outbreak, a virus not commonly associated hepatitis. Here we report detailed case–control investigation find between adeno-associated 2 (AAV2) infection host genetics disease susceptibility. Using next-generation sequencing, PCR reverse transcription, serology situ...
Abstract Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis children have been reported worldwide, including 278 the UK 1 . Here we report an investigation 38 cases, 66 age-matched immunocompetent controls and 21 immunocompromised comparator participants, using a combination genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic immunohistochemical methods. We detected high levels adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) DNA liver, blood, plasma or stool from 27 28 cases....
Plant roots generate electrical currents and associated fields as a consequence of electrogenic ion transport at the root surface. Here we demonstrate that attraction swimming zoospores oomycete plant pathogens to is mediated in part by electrotaxis natural root-generated electric fields. The zones accumulation anode- or cathode-seeking adjacent intact wounded surfaces correlated with their vitro electrotactic behavior. Manipulation field was reflected changes pattern zoospore imposed focal...
Background Government policy has precipitated recent changes in the provision of harm reduction interventions – injecting equipment (IEP) and opiate substitution therapy (OST) for people who inject drugs (PWID) Scotland. We sought to examine potential impact these on hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among PWID. Methods Findings used a framework triangulate different types evidence: 'group-level/ecological' 'individual-level'. Evidence was primarily generated from bio-behavioural...
Summary paragraph An outbreak of acute hepatitis unknown aetiology in children was first reported Scotland April 2022. 1 Cases aged <16 years have since been identified 35 countries. 2 Here we report a detailed investigation 9 early cases and 58 control subjects. Using next-generation sequencing real-time PCR, adeno-associated virus (AAV2), detected the plasma 9/9 liver 4/4 patients but 0/13 sera/plasma age-matched healthy controls, 0/12 with adenovirus (HAdV) infection normal function...
Background In the United Kingdom (UK), in recent influenza seasons, children are offered a quadrivalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV4), and eligible adults mainly trivalent inactivated (TIV). Aim To estimate UK end-of-season 2017/18 adjusted effectiveness (aVE) seroprevalence England of antibodies against viruses cultured eggs or tissue. Methods This observational study employed test-negative case–control approach to aVE primary care. The population-based survey used residual age-stratified...
Whilst injecting drugs in public places is considered a proxy for high risk behaviour among people who inject (PWID), studies quantifying its relationship with multiple drug-related harms are lacking and none have examined this the context of an ongoing HIV outbreak (located Glasgow, Scotland). We aimed to: 1) estimate prevalence Scotland associated factors; 2) association between HIV, current HCV, overdose, skin soft tissue infections (SSTI). Cross-sectional, bio-behavioural survey...
There has been little empirical evidence to show the 'real-world' impact of scaling-up direct-acting anti-viral (DAA) treatment among people who inject drugs (PWID) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) viraemia at a population level. We aimed assess rapid DAA scale-up PWID delivered through community services-including drug treatment, pharmacies, needle exchanges and prisons-in Tayside region Scotland, compared with Greater Glasgow Clyde (GGC) Rest Scotland (RoS).Natural experiment, evaluated using...
In the plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans, nuclear integration of inf1 transgenic DNA sequences results in internuclear gene silencing inf1. Although is regulated at transcriptional level, it also affects transcription from other nuclei within heterokaryotic cells mycelium. Here we report experiments exploring mechanism P. infestans. The methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine induced reversion inf1-silenced state. Also, histone deacetylase trichostatin-A was able to reverse silencing....
Summary Since the first reports of hepatitis unknown aetiology occurring in UK children, over 1000 cases have been reported worldwide, including 268 UK, with majority younger than 6 years old. Using genomic, proteomic and immunohistochemical methods, we undertook extensive investigation 28 136 control subjects. In five who underwent liver transplantation, detected high levels adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) explanted livers. AAV2 was also at blood from 10/11 non-transplanted cases. Low...
In Scotland, hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination for all prisoners was introduced in 1999; here, we examine the impact of this programme among people who inject drugs (PWID) community. This study aimed to compare rates HBV vaccine uptake before and after implementation prison estimate determinants uptake, levels ever/current infection associations between infection.Data collected via serial cross-sectional surveys were used proportion reported being vaccinated over time. For 2013-14 survey,...
To address rising drug-related harms (including significant transmission of HIV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Glasgow, officials have proposed the introduction UK's first drug consumption room (DCR) Glasgow city centre. Using a nationally representative sample, this study aimed to determine willingness use DCR PWID nationally, centre (the location), other Scottish centres (excluding Glasgow) and rest Scotland centres). Bio-behavioural survey, 1469 current (injected last 6 months)...
Protease inhibitors (PI) including boceprevir, telaprevir and simeprevir have revolutionised HCV genotype 1 treatment since their introduction. A number of pre-treatment resistance associated amino acid variants (RAVs) polymorphisms been with reduced response to treatment.
Genetic surveillance of seasonal influenza is largely focused on sequencing the haemagglutinin gene. Consequently, our understanding contribution remaining seven gene segments to evolution and epidemiological dynamics relatively limited. The increased availability next-generation technologies allows rapid economic whole-genome (WGS) virus. Here, 150 A(H3N2) positive clinical specimens with linked data, from 2014/15 season in Scotland, were sequenced directly using both Sanger HA1 region WGS...
Introduction. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy which can occur post-infection. Criteria of diagnosis GBS include areflexia with progressive bilateral weakness in arms and legs. lead to severe respiratory cardiac complications. The fatality rate be up 5 % patients, depending on the severity symptoms. HIV cause a range neurological disorders including, rare occasions, GBS. at any stage infection, highlighting complexity within patients. Case presentation....
Quantitative real-time PCR has become the most widely used preemptive approach for managing cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and adenovirus infections in immunosuppressed patients. These three assays are normally available as separate tests, each using five quantitation standards that tested duplicate. We have developed an adenovirus-CMV-EBV triplex assay uses one set of pooled quantitative standards, singly rather than This test demonstrated a sensitivity accuracy equivalent...