Ilya M. Nasrallah
A5010506491- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Radiology practices and education
University of Pennsylvania
2016-2025
California University of Pennsylvania
2018-2025
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
2012-2025
University of Pennsylvania Health System
2018-2024
Intel (United States)
2022-2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2023
Boston University
2023
Harbor–UCLA Medical Center
2023
Philadelphia University
2012-2022
Active Medicine (United Kingdom)
2021
There are currently no proven treatments to reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.To evaluate effect intensive blood pressure control on dementia.Randomized clinical trial conducted at 102 sites in United States Puerto Rico among adults aged 50 years or older with hypertension but without diabetes history stroke. Randomization began November 8, 2010. The was stopped early for benefit its primary outcome (a composite cardiovascular events) all-cause mortality August 20,...
As medical imaging enters its information era and presents rapidly increasing needs for big data analytics, robust pooling harmonization of across diverse cohorts with varying acquisition protocols have become critical. We describe a comprehensive effort that merges harmonizes large-scale dataset 10,477 structural brain MRI scans from participants without known neurological or psychiatric disorder 18 different studies represent geographic diversity. use this multi-atlas-based image...
The effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on brain health remains uncertain.To evaluate the association treatment with cerebral white matter lesion and volumes.A substudy a multicenter randomized clinical trial hypertensive adults 50 years or older without history diabetes stroke at 27 sites in United States. Randomization began November 8, 2010. overall was stopped early because benefit for its primary outcome (a composite cardiovascular events) all-cause mortality August 20, 2015....
Abstract Deep learning has emerged as a powerful approach to constructing imaging signatures of normal brain ageing well various neuropathological processes associated with diseases. In particular, MRI-derived age been used comprehensive biomarker health that can identify both advanced and resilient individuals via deviations from typical ageing. Imaging diseases, including schizophrenia Alzheimer’s disease, have also identified using machine learning. Prior efforts derive these indices...
Abstract Introduction Relationships between brain atrophy patterns of typical aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), white matter disease, cognition, AD neuropathology were investigated via machine learning in a large harmonized magnetic resonance imaging database (11 studies; 10,216 subjects). Methods Three signatures calculated: Brain‐age, AD‐like neurodegeneration, hyperintensities (WMHs). Brain Charts measured displayed the relationships these to cognition molecular biomarkers AD. Results...
Disease heterogeneity has been a critical challenge for precision diagnosis and treatment, especially in neurologic neuropsychiatric diseases. Many diseases can display multiple distinct brain phenotypes across individuals, potentially reflecting disease subtypes that be captured using MRI machine learning methods. However, biological interpretability treatment relevance are limited if the derived not associated with genetic drivers or susceptibility factors. Herein, we describe Gene-SGAN -...
Mutations in the X-linked aristaless-related homeobox gene (ARX) have been linked to structural brain anomalies as well multiple neurocognitive deficits. The generation of Arx-deficient mice revealed several morphological anomalies, resembling those observed patients and an interneuron migration defect but perinatal lethality precluded analyses later phenotypes. Interestingly, many neurological phenotypes with various ARX mutations can be attributed, part, dysfunction. To directly test this...
Objective 18 F‐flortaucipir (formerly F‐AV1451 or F‐T807) binds to neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease, but tissue studies assessing binding tau aggregates progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) have yielded mixed results. We compared vivo uptake patients meeting clinical research criteria for PSP (n = 33) normal controls 46) and Parkinson disease (PD; n 26). Methods Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging positron emission tomography amyloid‐β ( 11 C‐PiB F‐florbetapir)...
Background Although artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise across many aspects of radiology, the use AI to create differential diagnoses for rare and common diseases at brain MRI has not been demonstrated. Purpose To evaluate an system generation compared with radiologists. Materials Methods This retrospective study tested performance probabilistic diagnosis in patients 19 acquired between January 2008 2018. The combines data-driven domain-expertise methodologies, including deep learning...
Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely associated with the accumulation of pathologic tau aggregates form neurofibrillary tangles. We found that a p.Asp395Gly mutation VCP (valosin-containing protein) was dementia characterized neuropathologically by neuronal vacuoles and Moreover, appeared to exhibit disaggregase activity vitro, which impaired mutation. Additionally, intracerebral microinjection led increased mice knocked in, as compared injected wild-type mice. These...
Sleep duration has been associated with risk of dementia and stroke, but few studies have investigated the relationship between sleep brain MRI measures, particularly in middle age. In a prospective cohort 613 black white adults (mean age = 45.4 years) enrolled Coronary Artery Risk Development Young Adults (CARDIA) study, participants reported typical duration, dichotomized into moderate (> 6 to ≤ 8 h) short (≤ at baseline (2005–2006). Five years later, we obtained markers matter including...
Abstract Heterogeneity of brain diseases is a challenge for precision diagnosis/prognosis. We describe and validate Smile-GAN (SeMI-supervised cLustEring-Generative Adversarial Network), semi-supervised deep-clustering method, which examines neuroanatomical heterogeneity contrasted against normal structure, to identify disease subtypes through neuroimaging signatures. When applied regional volumes derived from T1-weighted MRI (two studies; 2,832 participants; 8,146 scans) including...
Neurodegenerative biomarkers support diagnosis and measurement of disease progression in the Alzheimer's (AD) continuum. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG-PET), which measures glucose metabolism, is one most commonly used neurodegeneration, but expensive requires exposure to ionizing radiation. Arterial Spin Labeled (ASL) perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides non invasive quantification cerebral blood flow (CBF), believed be tightly coupled...
In the medical imaging domain, deep learning-based methods have yet to see widespread clinical adoption, in part due limited generalization performance across different devices and acquisition protocols. The deviation between estimated brain age biological is an established biomarker of health such models may benefit from increased cross-site generalizability.
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are a common cause of decline, yet limited therapies exist. This cerebrovascular disease results in neurodegeneration via acute, chronic, local, systemic mechanisms. The etiology VCID is complex, with significant impact from atherosclerosis. Risk factors including hypercholesterolemia hypertension promote intracranial atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis (CAS), which disrupt cerebral blood flow trigger ischemic strokes...
<h3>Importance</h3> Antihypertensive treatments benefit cerebrovascular health and cognitive function in patients with hypertension, but it is uncertain whether an intensive blood pressure target leads to potentially harmful cerebral hypoperfusion. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the association of systolic (SBP) control vs standard whole-brain flow (CBF). <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This substudy Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) randomized clinical trial...
Mutations in the aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) gene are associated with multiple neurologic disorders humans. Studies mice indicate Arx plays a role neuronal progenitor proliferation and development of cerebral cortex, thalamus, hippocampus, striatum, olfactory bulbs. Specific defects loss function include abnormal interneuron migration subtype differentiation. How disruptions ARX result human disease how results these phenotypes remains poorly understood. To gain insight into biological...
Abstract Accumulation of paired helical filament tau contributes to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). 18 F‐flortaucipir is a positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand sensitive AD, but its clinical utility will depend part on ability predict cognitive symptoms diverse dementia phenotypes associated with selective, regional uptake. We examined associations between and cognition 14 mildly‐impaired patients (12 cerebrospinal fluid analytes consistent AD pathology) who had...
Meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials have indicated that improved hypertension control reduces the risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. However, it is unclear to what extent pathways reflective Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology are affected by control.To evaluate association intensive blood pressure on AD-related brain biomarkers.This a substudy Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT MIND), multicenter trial compared efficacy 2 different pressure-lowering strategies....
Background Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging provides sensitive measurement of brain morphology vascular injury. However, associations magnetic findings have largely been studied in White participants. We investigated race, ethnicity, cardiovascular white matter (WM) injury a diverse population. Methods Results In the Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis, measures were made 2018 to 2019 total volume, gray WM injury,...
Community detection on graphs constructed from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has led to important insights into brain organization. Large studies of community structure often include images acquired multiple scanners across different studies. Differences in scanner can introduce variability the downstream results, and these differences are referred as effects. Such effects have been previously shown significantly impact common network metrics. In this study, we identify...