A5025053024- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Trace Elements in Health
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Metallurgy and Material Science
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- RNA Research and Splicing
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta
2016-2025
Cairo University
2022
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
2017
École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse
2017
Interaction Hôtes Agents Pathogènes
2017
Roslin Institute
2017
University of Edinburgh
2017
Public Health Institute
2015
University of Milan
2009
University of Turin
2008
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are mammalian neurodegenerative disorders characterized by a posttranslational conversion and brain accumulation of an insoluble, protease-resistant isoform (PrP Sc ) the host-encoded cellular protein C ). Human animal TSE agents exist as different phenotypes that can be biochemically differentiated on basis molecular mass PrP fragments degree glycosylation. Epidemiological, molecular, transmission studies strongly suggest...
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy strains can be differentiated by their behavior in bioassays and molecular analyses of the disease-associated prion protein (PrP) a posttranslationally transformed conformation (PrPSc). Until recently, isolates from cases bovine (BSE) appeared to very homogeneous. However, limited number atypical BSE have recently been identified upon proteinase K (PK) resistance-associated moiety PrPSc (PrPres), suggesting existence at least two additional PrPres...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), the prion disease in cattle, was widely believed to be caused by only one strain, BSE-C. BSE-C causes fatal named new variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob humans. Two atypical BSE strains, bovine amyloidotic (BASE, also BSE-L) and BSE-H, have been discovered several countries since 2004; their transmissibility phenotypes humans are unknown. We investigated infectivity human phenotype of BASE strains inoculating transgenic (Tg) mice expressing protein with brain...
Atypical neuropathological and molecular phenotypes of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) have recently been identified in different countries. One these phenotypes, named "amyloidotic" (BASE), differs from classical BSE for the occurrence a distinct type disease-associated prion protein (PrP), termed PrPSc, presence PrP amyloid plaques. Here, we show that agents responsible BASE possess biological properties upon transmission to transgenic mice expressing inbred lines nontransgenic...
Fish fraud detection is mainly carried out using a genomic profiling approach requiring long and complex sample preparations assay running times. Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS) can circumvent these issues without sacrificing loss in the quality of results. To demonstrate that REIMS be used as fast technique capable achieving accurate species identification need for any preparation. Additionally, we wanted to other aspects fish than speciation are detectable REIMS. 478...
Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a significant threat to global amphibian populations, leading widespread declines and extinctions. In spring of 2023, Bd presence was detected in different species within two protected areas near Turin, Piedmont, Italy, following an unusual mortality event among common toad (Bufo bufo). Histological molecular analyses confirmed infection deceased Pelophylax sp. specimen, prompting further investigation. Sampling...
Lactococcus garvieae is the etiological agent of lactococcosis, a clinically and economically significant infectious disease affecting farmed rainbow trout. L. had been considered only cause lactococcosis for long time; however, petauri, another species genus Lactococcus, has lately linked to same disease. The genomes biochemical profiles petauri have high degree similarity. Traditional diagnostic tests currently available cannot distinguish between these two species. aim this study was use...
Susceptibility to scrapie in sheep is influenced by polymorphisms of the prion protein (PrP) gene, whereas no strong association between genetics and has yet been determined goats due limited number studies on these animals. In this case-control study 177 from six Italian outbreaks, PrP alleles occurrence was studied. Three silent mutations 11 were identified, which two (L133Q M137I) one mutation (T202T) have not reported previously. Twelve cloning. Statistical analysis suggested a possible...
Susceptibility of sheep to scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy small ruminants, is strongly influenced by polymorphisms the prion protein gene (PRNP). Breeding programs have been implemented increase scrapie resistance in populations; though desirable, similar approach has not yet applied goats. European studies now suggested that several can modulate susceptibility goats: particular, PRNP variant K222 associated with case-control Italy, France and Greece. In this study we...
An increase in autochthonous hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections has been recorded Italy suspected to be zoonotically transmitted from pigs; this study was carried out determinate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with HEV exposition, both swine humans working pig farms, located within a high-density farming area Piedmont region, north-western Italy. The presence of viral RNA human samples also evaluated, phylogenetic analysis performed on HEV-positive samples. Forty-two farms...
Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has distinguished BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 species an emerging putative third (HoBi-like virus), recently detected in southern Italy, signaling the occurrence natural infection Europe. Recognizing need to update data on BVDV genetic variability Italy for mounting local European alerts, a wide collection 5' UTR sequences (n = 371) was selected identify frequency genotypes subtypes at herd level. had highest frequency, followed by sporadic BVDV-2....
In this work, we identified for the first time hepatitis E virus (HEV) in a pet house rabbit, an adult 7 years old female of domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Importantly, resulting phylogenetic tree showed that HEV strain was closely related to human sequence; finding reawakens concerns regarding zoonotic risk represented by animals and expands spectrum potential source infection humans. Potential transmission humans should be taken into account.
Breeding programmes to promote resistance classical scrapie, similar those for sheep in existing transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) regulations, have not been established goats. The European Commission requested a scientific opinion from EFSA on the current knowledge of genetic TSE An evaluation tool, which considers both weight evidence and strength scrapie alleles goat
Abstract The wolf ( Canis lupus ) is among the most controversial of wildlife species. Abundance estimates are required to inform public debate and policy decisions, but obtaining them at biologically relevant scales challenging. We developed a system for comprehensive population estimation across Italian alpine region (100,000 km 2 ), involving 1513 trained operators representing 160 institutions. This extensive network allowed coordinated genetic sample collection landscape‐level spatial...
Lactococcosis is a globally prevalent infectious disease that has significant economic and sanitary impact on the rainbow trout industry. Lactococcus garvieae traditionally been considered only species implicated in etiology of this disease, but petauri, new species, recently as another etiological agent. Both cannot be distinguished by routine methods commonly used diagnostic laboratories, resulting their misidentification. In present study, identification 48 isolates initially identified...
Abstract Lactococcosis is a common bacterial fish disease caused by Lactococcus garvieae , L. petauri and formosensis . Although there are different PCR‐based techniques to identify the etiological agent, none of these can differentiate two bacteria without sequencing PCR‐amplified fragments. In present study, we developed multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection differentiation The specificity primers was validated against DNA targeted non‐targeted bacteria. sizes amplicons were...
Prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphisms are involved in modulating the appearance of atypical/Nor98 scrapie sheep, with alleles AHQ and AF141RQ strongly associated occurrence disease. The presence histidine at codon 154 has also been detected Nor98-affected goats, but statistical analysis association between Nor98 goat PRNP not reported previously. Here, a case-control study was carried out on eight Nor98-positive goats 246 negative herdmates belonging to Italian outbreaks. results revealed...
ABSTRACT Statutory surveillance of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) indicates that cattle are susceptible to both classical BSE (C-BSE) and atypical forms BSE. Atypical appear be sporadic thus may never eradicated. A major challenge for prion is the lack sufficiently practical sensitive tests routine detection strain discrimination. The real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) test, which based on prion-seeded fibrillization recombinant protein (rPrP Sen ), known highly specific...
The sale of frozen–thawed fish and products, labeled as fresh, is currently one the most common insidious commercial food frauds. For this reason, demand reliable tools to identify storage conditions increasing. present study was performed on two species, commonly sold in large-scale distribution: Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) musky octopus (Eledone spp.). Fifty fresh cephalopod specimens were analyzed at refrigeration temperature (2 ± 2 °C), then frozen −20 °C for 10 days finally thawed...
The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and their rapid spread pose a threat to both human animal health may conceal unknown risks. This report describes an Italian human-to-cat outbreak lineage B.1.1.7 (the Alpha variant) . On March 7th, 2021, approximately ten days after COVID-19 appeared in the family, onset respiratory signs cat by COVID-19-affected owners led in-depth diagnostic investigation, combining clinical serological data with rt-qPCR-based virus detection whole genome...
Lactococcosis, caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Lactococcus garvieae, is a major concern in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms, which are regularly affected outbreaks especially during summer/fall months. In these unvaccinated healthy and symptomatic fish can coexist with vaccinated fish. present study, innate (leukogram, serum lysozyme activity, peroxidase antiprotease bactericidal total IgM proteins), specific immune parameters (serum antibodies to L. garvieae) were assessed...