Aleksei Kasparov
A5055220687- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Marine and environmental studies
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Eurasian Exchange Networks
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Ancient Near East History
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Classical Antiquity Studies
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Linguistics and Cultural Studies
Institute of History of Material Culture
2012-2024
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography
2024
Russian Academy of Sciences
2015
University of Exeter
2009-2012
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2009
University of Bristol
2009
Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
2009
Horse domestication revolutionized transport, communications, and warfare in prehistory, yet the identification of early processes has been problematic. Here, we present three independent lines evidence demonstrating Eneolithic Botai Culture Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 B.C.E. Metrical analysis horse metacarpals shows that horses resemble Bronze Age domestic rather than Paleolithic wild from same region. Pathological characteristics indicate some were bridled, perhaps ridden. Organic...
Revisiting the origins of modern horses The domestication was very important in history humankind. However, ancestry and location timing their emergence remain unclear. Gaunitz et al. generated 42 ancient-horse genomes. Their source samples included Botai archaeological site Central Asia, considered to include earliest domesticated horses. Unexpectedly, were ancestors not domestic horses, but rather Przewalski's Thus, contrast current thinking on horse domestication, may have been other,...
Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals 129 genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 which are new. This extensive dataset allows us assess modern legacy past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at far western (Iberia) other eastern...
Abstract Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare 1 . However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence bridling, milking corralling 2–4 at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 bc 3 Other longstanding candidate regions for domestication, such as Iberia 5 Anatolia 6 , have also recently been challenged. Thus, genetic, geographic temporal origins remained unknown. Here we...
Dogs were present in the Americas before arrival of European colonists, but origin and fate these precontact dogs are largely unknown. We sequenced 71 mitochondrial 7 nuclear genomes from ancient North American Siberian time frames spanning ~9000 years. Our analysis indicates that not derived wolves. Instead, form a monophyletic lineage likely originated Siberia dispersed into alongside people. After Europeans, native almost completely disappeared, leaving minimal genetic legacy modern dog...
Abstract The grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) was the first species to give rise a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout last Ice Age when many other large mammal went extinct. Little is known, however, about history possible extinction of past populations or where progenitors present-day dog lineage familiaris lived 1–8 . Here we analysed 72 ancient genomes spanning 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia North America. We found that were highly connected Late Pleistocene, with...
Sled dog arctic adaptations go far back Dogs have been used for sledding in the Arctic as ∼9500 years ago. However, relationships among earliest sled dogs, other populations, and wolves are unknown. Sinding et al. sequenced an ancient dog, 10 modern wolf analyzed their genetic with dogs. This analysis indicates that dogs represent lineage going at least 9500 bred ancestors of precontact American gene flow between likely stopped before Science , this issue p. 1495
Abstract Horses revolutionized human history with fast mobility 1 . However, the timeline between their domestication and widespread integration as a means of transport remains contentious 2–4 Here we assemble collection 475 ancient horse genomes to assess period when these animals were first reshaped by agency in Eurasia. We find that reproductive control modern domestic lineage emerged around 2200 bce , through close-kin mating shortened generation times. Reproductive following severe...
Extant Canis lupus genetic diversity can be grouped into three phylogenetically distinct clades: Eurasian and American wolves domestic dogs.1Fan Z. Silva P. Gronau I. Wang S. Armero A.S. Schweizer R.M. Ramirez O. Pollinger J. Galaverni M. Ortega Del-Vecchyo D. et al.Worldwide patterns of genomic variation admixture in gray wolves.Genome Res. 2016; 26: 163-173Crossref PubMed Scopus (125) Google Scholar Genetic studies have suggested these groups trace their origins to a wolf population that...
The authors examine the role of horses as expressed in assemblages from settlement sites and cemeteries between Eneolithic Bronze Age Kazakhstan. In this land, known for its rich association with horses, skeletal evidence appears to indicate a fading ritual interest. But that's not whole story, once again micro-archaeology reveals true balance. are present at funeral, but now meat pot, detected bone fragments lipids pot walls.
Modern Arctic Siberia provides a wealth of resources for archaeological, geological, and paleontological research to investigate the population dynamics faunal communities from Pleistocene, particularly as material coming permafrost has proven suitable genetic studies. In order examine history Canid species in Siberian Arctic, we carried out analysis fourteen canid remains various sites, including well-documented Upper Paleolithic Yana RHS Early Holocene Zhokhov Island sites. Estimated age...
In 1989 A NTIQUITY published a special section of papers on the archaeology steppe zone, to notice role that great sweep land links northern fringes early prehistoric agriculture in Europe and Asia. new international team has now returned Jeitun, key agricultural site Turkmenistan, edge Kara Kum desert.
Abstract Horses began to feature prominently in funerary contexts southern Siberia the mid-second millennium BC, yet little is known about use of these animals prior emergence vibrant horse-riding groups first BC. Here, authors present results excavations at late-ninth-century BC tomb Tunnug 1 Tuva, where deposition remains least 18 horses and one human reminiscent sacrificial spectral riders described fifth-century Scythian rituals by Herodotus. The discovery items tack further reveals...
The Zhokhov site is one of the northern most archaeological sites in world and a very ancient vestige occupation high latitudes by people, indicating that this territory was settled as early about 8000 years ago. Investigation began 1989–1990 then continued 2000–2005. Here we consider taphonomy, spatial distribution, species age- sex-related composition faunal remains from site. These data allow conclusions regarding subsistence strategy practiced inhabitants, including hunting tactics. This...
В № 19 «Записок ИИМК РАН» представлены научные работы, отражающие новейшие открытия и исследования в области археологии древней истории.Раздел «Статьи» открывает серия работ С. Н. Астахова, П. Е. Нехорошева А. К. Каспарова по проблемам палеолита Сибири.Л. Б. Вишняцкий на материалах неолита западной части Евразии приводит аргументы пользу гипотезы об учащении ужесточении вооруженных конфликтов мере становления развития производящего хозяйства.В статье Л. Кирчо прослежены истоки контактов...
The paper reports on the results of reinterpretation Neolithic complexes Hissar I–IV Ak-Tangi site, a field study which was carried out in middle 20th century. At time its discovery, only Culture had been studied mountainous part Central Asia, materials were attributed to. new stage research, comprehensive analysis archival and sur-viving collection, comprises palaeofaunal materia lithic bone artefacts, performed, radio-carbon dating ZooMS-analysis employed some artefacts.
ABSTRACT Data were obtained during an interdisciplinary project carried out on the Ostrova De-Longa (De Long Islands) in 1987–90. The archipelago—consisting ofthree islands discovered by American expedition underGeorge Washington De 1879—81 and two a Russian led Boris Vil'kitskiy 1913— 14—have rarely been visited even less investigated. Information relating to glaciology, palaeogeography, flora, palaeozoology from end of Pleistocene Early Holocene was studied. Traces Mesolithic culture as...
Abstract Archeological excavations were carried out in 1989–1990 on a Mesolithic hunting camp Zhokhova Island the De Long Archipelago (north of New Siberian Islands). Samples wood and bone from culture layer indicate an age between 7450 8200 years B.P. At that time, due to glacial lowering sea level, was substantially larger than at present may still have been joined Asiatic mainland. The main species harvested by hunters (on basis numbers remains) reindeer (49.7%) but remarkable number...
Présentation des vestiges fauniques de trois sites localisés dans le piémont du Kopet Dagh (Tukménie méridionale), Jeitun, Ilgynly Depe, Altyn-Depe. Par l'étude la dent lait D4 à l'âge d'abattage et couches ciment sur M1 sont mis en évidence non seulement mais aussi saison ď abattage différentes espèces d'animaux. Mots clés : Turkménie, Ilgynlvy D., Altyn faune, abattage, climat.