Ophélie Lebrasseur
A5074540444- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Marine animal studies overview
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Research Data Management Practices
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2022-2025
Université de Toulouse
2022-2025
Oxford Archaeology
2015-2024
University of Oxford
2015-2024
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
2022-2024
University of Liverpool
2019-2024
Centre d'Anthropobiologie et de Génomique de Toulouse
2023-2024
National Institute of Anthropology and History
2023
University of Nottingham
2019
Durham University
2011-2014
A dogged investigation of domestication The history how wolves became our pampered pooches today has remained controversial. Frantz et al. describe high-coverage sequencing the genome an Irish dog from Bronze Age as well ancient mitochondrial DNA sequences. Comparing dogs to a modern worldwide panel shows old, deep split between East Asian and Western Eurasian dogs. Thus, were domesticated two separate wolf populations on either side Old World. Science , this issue p. 1228
Dogs were the first domestic animal, but little is known about their population history and to what extent it was linked humans. We sequenced 27 ancient dog genomes found that all dogs share a common ancestry distinct from present-day wolves, with limited gene flow wolves since domestication substantial dog-to-wolf flow. By 11,000 years ago, at least five major lineages had diversified, demonstrating deep genetic of during Paleolithic. Coanalysis human reveals aspects mirror humans,...
Dogs were present in the Americas before arrival of European colonists, but origin and fate these precontact dogs are largely unknown. We sequenced 71 mitochondrial 7 nuclear genomes from ancient North American Siberian time frames spanning ~9000 years. Our analysis indicates that not derived wolves. Instead, form a monophyletic lineage likely originated Siberia dispersed into alongside people. After Europeans, native almost completely disappeared, leaving minimal genetic legacy modern dog...
Abstract The grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) was the first species to give rise a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout last Ice Age when many other large mammal went extinct. Little is known, however, about history possible extinction of past populations or where progenitors present-day dog lineage familiaris lived 1–8 . Here we analysed 72 ancient genomes spanning 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia North America. We found that were highly connected Late Pleistocene, with...
Significance Ancient DNA sequences from chickens provide an opportunity to study their human-mediated dispersal across the Pacific due significant genetic diversity and range of archaeological material available. We analyze ancient modern reveal that previous studies have been impacted by contamination with chicken and, as a result, there is no evidence for Polynesian pre-Columbian South America. identify markers authentic use them model early dispersals Pacific. find connections between in...
Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests pigs arrived Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 BP. A few thousand years after introduction of Eastern into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared was replaced haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for substantial gene flow from local boars, although it is also possible...
Though chickens are the most numerous and ubiquitous domestic bird, their origins, circumstances of initial association with people, routes along which they dispersed across world remain controversial. In order to establish a robust spatial temporal framework for origins dispersal, we assessed archaeological occurrences status from ∼600 sites in 89 countries by combining zoogeographic, morphological, osteometric, stratigraphic, contextual, iconographic, textual data. Our results suggest that...
Nearly three decades ago, zooarchaeologists postulated that chicken husbandry was practiced in Northern China by ∼8.0 ka calBP. Recently, ancient mitogenome analyses of galliform remains suggested Red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) already present the Yellow River basin several millennia earlier, shortly after onset Holocene. If these conclusions are correct, origins domestication and region may have been spurred agricultural innovations lower including millet cultivation, pig husbandry, dog...
Ancient DNA provides an opportunity to infer the drivers of natural selection by linking allele frequency changes temporal shifts in environment or cultural practices. However, analyses have often been hampered uneven sampling and uncertainties sample dating, as well being confounded demographic processes. Here, we present a Bayesian statistical framework for quantifying timing strength using ancient that explicitly addresses these challenges. We applied this method time series data two...
Domestic dogs have been central to life in the North American Arctic for millennia. The ancestors of Inuit were first introduce widespread usage dog sledge transportation technology Americas, but whether adopted local Palaeo-Inuit or introduced a new population region remains unknown. To test these hypotheses, we generated mitochondrial DNA and geometric morphometric data skull dental elements from total 922 wolves spanning over 4500 years. Our analyses revealed that sites dating 2000 BP...
Human-mediated biological exchange has had global social and ecological impacts. In sub-Saharan Africa, several domestic commensal animals were introduced from Asia in the pre-modern period; however, timing nature of these introductions remain contentious. One model supports introduction to eastern African coast after mid-first millennium CE, while another posits dating back 3000 BCE. These distinct scenarios have implications for understanding emergence long-distance maritime connectivity,...
Across Europe, the genetics of Chalcolithic/Bronze Age transition is increasingly characterized in terms an influx Steppe-related ancestry. The effect this major shift on genetic structure populations Italian Peninsula remains underexplored. Here, genome-wide shotgun data for 22 individuals from commingled cave and single burials Northeastern Central Italy dated between 3200 1500 BCE provide first genomic characterization Bronze (n = 8; 0.001-1.2× coverage) central Peninsula, filling a gap...
Near Eastern Neolithic farmers introduced several species of domestic plants and animals as they dispersed into Europe. Dogs were the only present in both Europe East prior to Neolithic. Here, we assessed whether early dogs possessed a unique mitochondrial lineage that differentiated them from Mesolithic European populations. We then analysed DNA sequences 99 ancient spanning Upper Palaeolithic Bronze Age assess if incoming brought with them, or instead primarily adopted indigenous after...
Abstract Domestic goats are distributed worldwide, with approximately 35% of the one billion world goat population occurring in Africa. Ethiopia has 52.5 million goats, ~99.9% which considered indigenous landraces deriving from animals introduced to Horn Africa distant past by nomadic herders. They have continued be managed smallholder farmers and semi-mobile pastoralists throughout region. We report here 57 genomes 12 Ethiopian populations sampled different agro-climates. The data were...
Little is known about the early history of chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ), including timing and circumstances its introduction into new cultural environments. To evaluate spatio-temporal spread across Eurasia north-west Africa, authors radiocarbon dated 23 bones from presumed contexts. Three-quarters returned dates later than those suggested by stratigraphy, indicating importance direct dating. The results indicate that chickens did not arrive in Europe until first millennium BC....
The pronounced growth in livestock populations since the 1950s has altered epidemiological and evolutionary trajectory of their associated pathogens. For example, Marek's disease virus (MDV), which causes lymphoid tumors chickens, experienced a marked increase virulence over past century. Today, MDV infections kill >90% unvaccinated birds, controlling it costs more than US$1 billion annually. By sequencing genomes derived from archeological we demonstrate that been circulating for at least...
<ns3:p>Background Access to sample-level metadata is important when selecting public metagenomic sequencing datasets for reuse in new biological analyses. The Standards, Precautions, and Advances Ancient Metagenomics community (SPAAM, https://spaam-community.org) has previously published AncientMetagenomeDir, a collection of curated standardised sample tables microbial genome generated from ancient samples. However, while information useful identifying relevant samples inclusion projects,...
ABSTRACT In the last three decades, DNA sequencing of ancient animal osteological assemblages has become an important tool complementing standard archaeozoological approaches to reconstruct history domestication. However, key archaeological contexts are not always available or do necessarily preserve enough for a cost‐effective genetic analysis. Here, we develop in‐solution target‐enrichment approach, based on 80‐mer species‐specific RNA probes (ranging from 306 1686 per species)...
Numerous pairs of evolutionarily divergent mammalian species have been shown to produce hybrid offspring. In some cases, F 1 hybrids are able 2 s through matings with s. other instances, the only offspring themselves backcrosses a parent owing unisexual sterility (Haldane's Rule). Here, we explicitly tested whether genetic distance, computed from mitochondrial and nuclear genes, can be used as proxy predict relative fertility resulting between terrestrial mammals. We assessed proxy's...
Domestic cats were derived from the Near Eastern wildcat (Felis lybica), after which they dispersed with people into Europe. As did so, it is possible that interbred indigenous population of European wildcats silvestris). Gene flow between incoming domestic animals and closely related wild species has been previously demonstrated in other taxa, including pigs, sheep, goats, bees, chickens, cattle. In case cats, a lack nuclear, genome-wide data, particularly wildcats, made difficult to either...
Abstract Equine viral outbreaks have disrupted the socio-economic life of past human societies up until late 19th century and continue to be major concern horse industry today. With a seroprevalence 60–80 per cent, equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) is most common pathogen on planet. Yet, its evolutionary history remains understudied. Here, we screen sequenced data 264 archaeological detect presence EHV-4. We recover first ancient EHV-4 genome with 4.2× average depth-of-coverage from specimen...
The southern Mendoza province, located in the northern region of Patagonia, was inhabited by hunter-gatherer groups until historic times. Previous archaeological studies have reported canid remains among faunal assemblages, which were assumed to be part human diet. However, taxonomic identification and significance these canids within raised questions. In this study, we used ancient DNA analysis, morphological examination stable isotope analysis (δ 13 C col δ 15 N) re-evaluate assignment a...