Mark G. Lewis
A5048593024- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
Bioqual
2015-2024
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2023
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2001-2021
National Institutes of Health
2001-2020
James Madison University
2020
Michigan State University
1985-2015
University of Utah
2015
Washington State University
2015
Saginaw Valley State University
2015
American College of Surgeons
2015
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made the development of a vaccine top biomedical priority. In this study, we developed series DNA candidates expressing different forms SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and evaluated them in 35 rhesus macaques. Vaccinated animals humoral cellular immune responses, including neutralizing antibody titers at levels comparable to those found convalescent humans macaques infected...
Vaccines to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) are urgently needed. The effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines on viral replication in both upper and lower airways is important evaluate nonhuman primates. Nonhuman primates received 10 or 100 μg mRNA-1273, a vaccine encoding the prefusion-stabilized spike protein SARS-CoV-2, no vaccine. Antibody T-cell responses were assessed before upper- lower-airway challenge with SARS-CoV-2. Active genomes...
With accumulating evidence indicating the importance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in containing human immunodeficiency virus–1 (HIV-1) replication infected individuals, strategies are being pursued to elicit virus-specific CTLs with prototype HIV-1 vaccines. Here, we report protective efficacy vaccine-elicited immune responses against a pathogenic SHIV-89.6P challenge rhesus monkeys. Immune were elicited by DNA vaccines expressing SIVmac239 Gag and 89.6P Env, augmented administration...
An understanding of protective immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for vaccine and public health strategies aimed at ending the global disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A key unanswered question whether infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in against reexposure. We developed a rhesus macaque model observed that macaques had high viral loads upper lower tract, humoral cellular immune responses, pathologic evidence pneumonia. After initial...
ABSTRACT The role of antibody in protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been difficult to study animal models because most primary HIV-1 strains do not infect nonhuman primates. Using a chimeric simian/human (SHIV) based on the envelope isolate (HIV-89.6), we performed passive-transfer experiments rhesus macaques anti-envelope antibodies protection. Based prior vitro data showing neutralization synergy by combinations, evaluated HIV immune globulin (HIVIG), and...
An urgent global quest for effective therapies to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is ongoing. We previously described REGN-COV2, a cocktail of two potent neutralizing antibodies (REGN10987 REGN10933) that targets nonoverlapping epitopes on the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. In this report, we evaluate in vivo efficacy antibody both rhesus macaques, which may model mild disease, golden hamsters, more disease. demonstrate REGN-COV-2 can...
Zika virus (ZIKV) is responsible for a major ongoing epidemic in the Americas and has been causally associated with fetal microcephaly. The development of safe effective ZIKV vaccine therefore an urgent global health priority. Here we demonstrate that three different platforms protect against challenge rhesus monkeys. A purified inactivated induced ZIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies completely protected monkeys strains from both Brazil Puerto Rico. Purified immunoglobulin vaccinated also...
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required to develop germinal center (GC) responses and drive immunoglobulin class switch, affinity maturation, long-term B cell memory. In this study, we characterize a recently developed vaccine platform, nucleoside-modified, purified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs), that induces high levels of Tfh GC cells. Intradermal vaccination with nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNPs encoding various viral surface antigens elicited polyfunctional,...
A DNA vaccine candidate for Zika The ongoing epidemic in the Americas and Caribbean urgently needs a protective vaccine. Two vaccines composed of genes that encode structural premembrane envelope proteins virus have been tested monkeys. Dowd et al. show two doses given intramuscularly completely protected 17 18 animals against challenge. single low dose was not but did reduce viral loads. Protection correlated with serum antibody neutralizing activity. Phase I clinical trials testing these...
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans is often a clinically mild illness, but some individuals develop severe pneumonia, respiratory failure and death 1–4 . Studies of acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection hamsters 5–7 nonhuman primates 8–10 have generally reported clinical disease, preclinical SARS-CoV-2 vaccine studies demonstrated reduction viral replication the upper lower tracts 11–13 Here we show that high-dose intranasal results including high levels...
Immune correlates of protection can be used as surrogate endpoints for vaccine efficacy. Here, nonhuman primates (NHPs) received either no or doses ranging from 0.3 to 100 μg the mRNA-1273 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. vaccination elicited circulating and mucosal antibody responses in a dose-dependent manner. Viral replication was significantly reduced bronchoalveolar lavages nasal swabs after SARS-CoV-2 challenge vaccinated animals most strongly...
Preclinical studies of viral vector-based HIV-1 vaccine candidates have previously shown partial protection against neutralization-resistant virus challenges in rhesus monkeys. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector priming followed by purified envelope (Env) glycoprotein boosting. Rhesus monkeys primed with Ad26 vectors expressing SIVsmE543 Env, Gag, and Pol boosted AS01B-adjuvanted SIVmac32H Env gp140 demonstrated complete 50% vaccinated...