A5025034273- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- interferon and immune responses
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
The University of Melbourne
2013-2025
Murdoch Children's Research Institute
2018-2025
Royal Children's Hospital
2018-2024
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
2024
Office of Infectious Diseases
2021
Parks Victoria
2018
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
2007-2016
Monash University
2013-2016
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
2016
Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre
2008
Keeping Cancer Cells At Bay cells are often aneuploid; that is, they have an abnormal number of chromosomes. But to what extent this contributes the tumorigenic phenotype is not clear. Senovilla et al. (p. 1678 ; see Perspective by Zanetti and Mahadevan ) found tetraploidization cancer can cause them become immunogenic thus aid in their clearance from body immune system. with excess chromosomes put stress on endoplasmic reticulum, which leads movement protein calreticulin cell surface....
The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has immunomodulatory "off-target" effects that have been hypothesized to protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).
The effectiveness of BCG vaccine for adult pulmonary tuberculosis remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect vaccination with BCG-Denmark prevent initial and sustained interferon-γ release assay conversion in Brazilian health-care workers.
Autocrine priming of cells by small quantities constitutively produced type I interferon (IFN) is a well-known phenomenon. In the absence IFN priming, display attenuated responses to other cytokines, such as anti-viral protection in response IFNγ. This phenomenon was proposed be because IFNα/β receptor1 (IFNAR1) component IFNγ receptor (IFNGR), but our new data are more consistent with previously model indicating that regulated expression STAT1 may also play critical role process. Initially,...
BCG vaccination is associated with a reduction in all-cause infant mortality high-mortality settings. The underlying mechanisms remain uncertain, but long-term modulation of the innate immune response (trained immunity) may be involved.
Trained immunity describes the capacity of innate immune cells to develop heterologous memory in response certain exogenous exposures. This phenomenon mediates, at least part, beneficial off-target effects BCG vaccine. Using an vitro model trained immunity, we show that exposure induces a persistent change active histone modifications, DNA methylation, transcription, and adenosine-to-inosine RNA modification human monocytes. By profiling methylation circulating monocytes from infants MIS...
Identifying the molecular mechanisms that promote optimal immune responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is critical for future rational vaccine design. Here, we longitudinally profile innate and adaptive in 102 adults after first, second, third doses of mRNA or adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccines. Using a multi-omics approach, identify key differences induced by ChAdOx1-S BNT162b2 correlate with antigen-specific antibody T cell reactogenicity. Unexpectedly, observe...
Immunisation during pregnancy to protect infants against tetanus, pertussis and influenza is recommended in many countries. However, maternal antibodies can interfere with infant vaccine responses. We investigated the effect of antenatal diphtheria-tetanus-acellular (dTpa) trivalent inactivated (TIV) immunisation on specific heterologous antibody responses routine immunisations given first year life.In total, 471 healthy were included. At 7 13 months age, primary course vaccines at 6 weeks,...
Because of its beneficial off-target effects against non-mycobacterial infectious diseases, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination might be an accessible early intervention to boost protection novel pathogens. Multiple epidemiological studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are investigating the protective effect BCG coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Using samples from participants in a placebo-controlled RCT aiming determine whether reduces incidence severity COVID-19, we...
Various novel platform technologies have been used for the development of COVID-19 vaccines. In this nested cohort study among healthcare workers in Australia and Brazil who received three different COVID-19-specific vaccines, we (a) evaluated incidence adverse events following immunization (AEFI); (b) compared AEFI by vaccine type, dose country; (c) identified factors influencing AEFI; (d) assessed association between reactogenicity anti-spike IgG antibody responses. Of 1302 participants...
BCG vaccination modulates immune responses to unrelated pathogens. This off-target effect could reduce the impact of emerging As a readily available, inexpensive intervention that has well-established safety profile, is good candidate for protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) and other vulnerable groups against COVID-19.
Abstract Objectives Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off‐target effects on disease risk for unrelated infections and immune responses to vaccines. This study aimed determine the immunomodulatory of BCG vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2. Methods Blood samples, from a subset 275 SARS‐CoV‐2‐naïve healthcare workers randomised (BCG group) or no (Control in BRACE trial, were collected before 28 days after primary course (two doses) ChAdOx1‐S (Oxford‐AstraZeneca) BNT162b2 (Pfizer‐BioNTech)...
<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Objectives</h3> SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein antibodies can be used to detect the serological response natural infection in those previously receiving a COVID-19 spike-based vaccine. Anti-N antibody responses also detected inactivated whole virus vaccines, such as <i>CoronaVac</i>. We aimed characterise N following and vaccination with <h3>Methods</h3> Using participants from an international randomised controlled trial, we investigated evolution of anti-N over...
Background Accurately identifying COVID-19 episodes was crucial during the early pandemic for evaluating interventions. Results from diagnostic tools like PCR, rapid antigen test (RAT), and serology are affected by factors such as timing of tests vaccination status. The BRACE trial, which investigated impact BCG on prevalence among healthcare workers, developed a comprehensive algorithm integrating these illness episode classification. Methods In 3988 participants reported 5512...
Introduction BCG vaccination reduces all-cause infant mortality in high-mortality settings by more than can be attributed to protection against tuberculosis. This is proposed result from non-specific non-vaccine targeted (‘off-target’) infections. There also evidence that protects allergic diseases. Methods and analysis The Melbourne Infant Study: for Allergy Infection Reduction a phase III multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. A total of 1438 healthy neonates will...