A5025557847- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Hip and Femur Fractures
- Sleep and related disorders
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Diabetes Management and Education
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
2016-2025
Kaiser Permanente
2011-2022
Oregon Medical Research Center
2018-2019
Stanford University
2011-2017
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
2017
Indiana University Bloomington
2017
Los Angeles Medical Center
2017
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2017
Bristol-Myers Squibb (Germany)
2017
AstraZeneca (Brazil)
2017
Observational studies support an association between a low blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, whether vitamin supplementation lowers diabetes is unknown.We randomly assigned adults who met at least two three glycemic criteria for prediabetes (fasting plasma glucose level, 100 to 125 mg per deciliter; hours after 75-g oral load, 140 199 glycated hemoglobin 5.7 6.4%) no diagnostic receive 4000 IU day D3 or placebo, regardless baseline serum level. The...
The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial randomly assigned 36,282 postmenopausal women in the U.S. to 1,000 mg elemental calcium carbonate plus 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily or placebo, with average intervention period 7.0 years. was designed test whether D supplementation a population which use these supplements widespread would reduce hip fracture, and secondarily, total fracture colorectal cancer. This study further examines health benefits risks...
OBJECTIVE Postrandomization biases may influence the estimate of efficacy supplemental vitamin D in diabetes prevention trials. In Vitamin and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) study, repeated measures serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] level provided an opportunity to test whether intratrial exposure affected risk effect was modified by trial assignment (vitamin vs. placebo). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The D2d study compared daily supplementation with 100 μg (4,000 units) D3 versus placebo on new-onset...
Abstract Low body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for fracture, but little known about the association between high BMI and fracture risk. We evaluated in Osteoporotic Fractures Men Study (MrOS), cohort of 5995 US men 65 years age older. Standardized measures included weight, height, hip bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); medical history; lifestyle; physical performance. Only 6 (0.1%) were underweight (<18.5 kg/m2); therefore, this category...
Context: The relationship between sex steroids and fracture is poorly understood. Objective: objective of the study was to examine associations nonvertebral risk bioavailable estradiol (bioE2), testosterone (bioT), SHBG. Design: This a case-cohort study. Setting: Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) conducted prospective U.S. cohort 5995 community-dwelling men 65 yr old or older. Participants: Participants included subcohort 1436 randomly chosen white plus all 446 minorities those with...
Objective: To test the hypothesis that lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment and risk decline. Methods: We measured 25(OH)D assessed function using Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) Trail Making Test Part B (Trails B) in cohort 1,604 men enrolled Osteoporotic Fractures Men Study followed them for an average 4.6 years changes function. Results: In model adjusted age, season, site, seemed to have higher odds...
Fractures have been associated with subsequent increases in mortality, but it is unknown how long that increase persists.A total of 5580 women from a large community-based, multicenter US prospective cohort 9704 (Study Osteoporotic Fractures) were observed prospectively for almost 20 years. We age-matched 1116 hip fracture cases 4 control participants (n = 4464). To examine the effect health status, we examined healthy older subset 960) 80 years or who attended 10-year follow-up examination...
Objectives To examine the effects of vitamin D and calcium on cognitive outcomes in elderly women. Design Post hoc analysis a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial. Setting Forty Women's Health Initiative ( WHI ) clinical centers across United States. Participants Four thousand one hundred forty‐three women aged 65 older without probable dementia at baseline who participated Calcium Vitamin Trial Memory Study. Intervention Two thirty‐four were to receive 1,000 mg carbonate...
Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether a dietary intervention designed reduce fat intake and increase fruit, vegetables, whole grains, weight loss, reduces vasomotor symptoms (VMS; ie, hot flashes or night sweats) in postmenopausal women. Methods We included 17,473 US women, ages 50 79 years, at baseline who participated the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification trial were not taking menopausal hormone therapy. Logistic regression used evaluate associations....
We tested variants in genes related to lutein and zeaxanthin status for association with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) the Carotenoids Age-Related Eye Disease Study (CAREDS).Of 2005 CAREDS participants, 1663 were graded AMD from fundus photography genotyped 424 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 24 candidate carotenoid status. Of 337 cases 91% had early or intermediate AMD. The SNPs individually using logistic regression. A carotenoid-related genetic risk model was built...
Background High body mass index (BMI) has become the leading risk factor of disease burden in high-income countries. While recent studies have suggested that cancer related to obesity is mediated by time, insights into dose-response relationship and cumulative impact overweight during life course on remain scarce. To our knowledge, this study first assess adulthood duration a large cohort postmenopausal women. Methods Findings Participants from observational Women's Health Initiative (WHI)...
Background— Reproductive factors provide an early window into a woman’s coronary heart disease (CHD) risk; however, their contribution to CHD risk stratification is uncertain. Methods and Results— In the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study, we constructed Cox proportional hazards models for including age, pregnancy status, number of live births, age at menarche, menstrual irregularity, first birth, stillbirths, miscarriages, infertility ≥1 year, cause, breastfeeding. We next added...
Considerable efforts have been undertaken to relate single nutrients bone health. To this point, results are inconsistent. Suboptimal nutrient intake does not occur in isolation but rather reflects a poor diet quality.
Epidemiologic studies regarding weight loss and subsequent cancer risk are sparse. The study aim was to evaluate the association between change by intentionality obesity-related incidence in Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Eleven cancers were considered obesity related: breast, ovary, endometrium, colon rectum, esophagus, kidney, liver, multiple myeloma, pancreas, stomach, thyroid.Postmenopausal women (n = 58 667) aged 50-79 years had body waist circumference (WC) measured at...
Hip fractures are the most devastating consequence of osteoporosis and impact 1 in 6 white women leading to a two- threefold increased mortality risk first year. Despite evidence inflammatory markers pathogenesis osteoporosis, few studies have examined their effect on hip fracture. To determine if high levels inflammation increase fracture explore mediation pathways, case-cohort design nested cohort 4709 from Study Osteoporotic Fractures was used. A random sample 1171 selected as subcohort...
Purpose Although obesity is an established endometrial cancer risk factor, information about the influence of weight loss on in postmenopausal women limited. Therefore, we evaluated associations among change by intentionality with Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) observational study. Patients and Methods Postmenopausal (N = 36,794) ages 50 to 79 years at WHI enrollment had their body weights measured mass indices calculated baseline year 3. Weight during that period was categorized as...
To investigate the association between subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and long-term risk of cognitive impairment in aging because most previous studies have followed individuals for only a few years.Participants were 1,107 cognitively normal, community-dwelling older women (aged 65 years at baseline) prospective study aging. SMCs assessed shortly after baseline repeatedly over time with yes/no question, "Do you feel more problems than most?" Cognitive status 18 later (normal or impaired...