A5073670941- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara
2013-2024
University of Ferrara
2008-2024
University of Bologna
1990-2024
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna
1990-2024
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro
2001
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
1998-2000
University of Pisa
1989-2000
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
1990-1998
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
1994-1995
University of Trieste
1994
We report the experimental observation of a light polarization rotation in vacuum presence transverse magnetic field. Assuming that data distribution is Gaussian, average measured (3.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(-12) rad/pass, at 5 T with 44 000 passes through 1 m long magnet, lambda = 1064 nm. The relevance this result terms existence light, neutral, spin-zero particle discussed.
Vacuum magnetic birefringence was predicted long time ago and is still lacking a direct experimental confirmation. Several efforts are striving to reach this goal, the sequence of results promises success in next few years. This measurement generally accompanied by search for hypothetical light particles that couple two photons. The PVLAS experiment employs sensitive polarimeter based on high finesse Fabry–Perot cavity. In paper we report latest experiment. data analysed taking into account...
BeppoSAX/PDS experiment is one of four narrow field instruments the BeppoSAX payload, that also includes two wide cameras. The goal PDS to extend energy range hard X–rays. operative 15 300 keV, where can perform sensitive spectral and temporal studies celestial sources. detector composed 4 actively shielded NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) phoswich scintillators with a total geometric area view 13 (FWHM). In this paper we describe design discuss its functional performance calibration data analysis system.
In 2006 the PVLAS collaboration reported observation of an optical rotation generated in vacuum by a magnetic field. To further check against possible instrumental artifacts, several upgrades to apparatus have been made during past year. Two data taking runs, at wavelength 1064 nm, performed new configuration with field strengths 2.3 and 5 T. The T value was chosen order avoid stray fields. observations do not show presence signal down levels...
A new experiment is described to detect a permanent electric dipole moment of the proton with sensitivity $10^{-29}e\cdot$cm by using polarized "magic" momentum $0.7$~GeV/c protons in an all-electric storage ring. Systematic errors relevant are discussed and techniques address them presented. The measurement sensitive physics beyond Standard Model at scale 3000~TeV.
This paper describes the 25 year effort to measure vacuum magnetic birefringence and dichroism with PVLAS experiment. The experiment went through two main phases: first using a rotating superconducting magnet second permanent magnets. was not able reach predicted value from QED. Nonetheless has set current best limits on for field of Bext=2.5 T, namely, Δn(PVLAS)=(12±17)×10−23 |Δκ|(PVLAS)=(10±28)×10−23. uncertainty Δn(PVLAS) is about factor 7 above Δn(QED)=2.5×10−23 @ 2.5 T.
Several groups are carrying out experiments to observe and measure vacuum magnetic birefringence, predicted by quantum electrodynamics (QED). We have started running the new PVLAS apparatus installed in Ferrara, Italy, measured a noise floor value for unitary field birefringence of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{n}_{u}^{(\mathrm{vac})}=(4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}23}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{T}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ (the error represents...
We describe the principle and status of PVLAS experiment which is presently running at INFN section Ferrara, Italy, to detect magnetic birefringence vacuum. This related QED vacuum structure can be detected by measuring ellipticity acquired a linearly polarized light beam propagating through strong field. Such an effect predicted Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian. The method also sensitive other hypothetical physical effects such as axion-like particles in general any fermion/boson millicharged...
The small satellite 'Galileo Galilei' (GG) will test the universality of free fall and hence weak equivalence principle which is founding pillar general relativity to 1 part in 1017. It use proof masses whose atoms differ substantially from one another their mass energy content, so as maximize chance violation. GG improve by four orders magnitude current best 'Eöt-Wash' tests based on slowly rotating torsion balances, have been able reach thermal noise level. In GG, expected violation signal...
The PVLAS collaboration is presently assembling a new apparatus (at the INFN section of Ferrara, Italy) to detect vacuum magnetic birefringence (VMB). VMB related structure QED and predicted by Euler-Heisenberg-Weisskopf effective Lagrangian. It can be detected measuring ellipticity acquired linearly polarised light beam propagating through strong field. Using very same optical technique it also possible search for hypothetical low-mass particles interacting with two photons, such as...
The authors have built a small animal Positron Emission Tomograph (YAP-PET) based on four matrices of 400 YAP:Ce finger crystals (2/spl times/2/spl times/30 mm/sup 3/ each) coupled to Position Sensitive PhotoMultiplier Hamamatsu R2486-06. system consists detectors rotating gantry with variable diameter from 10 and 25 cm. read-out data acquisition are handled by NIM-CAMAC standard electronics. tomograph has total Field Of View (FOV) 4/spl times/4/spl times/4 cm/sup that is appropriate for...
Experimental bounds on induced vacuum magnetic birefringence can be used to improve present photon-photon scattering limits in the electronvolt energy range. Measurements with Polarizzazione del Vuoto con Laser apparatus [E. Zavattini et al., Phys. Rev. D 77, 032006 (2008)] at both $\ensuremath{\lambda}=1064$ and 532 nm lead parameter ${A}_{e}$, describing nonlinear effects QED, of ${A}_{e}^{(1064)}<6.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}21}\text{ }\text{...
At the Department of Physics University Pisa, Italy, a new and fully engineered version YAP-(S)PET small animal scanner has been recently installed. The is able to perform both PET SPECT studies on animals. made up four heads: each one composed 4/spl times/4 cm/sup 2/ YAlO/sub 3/:Ce (or YAP:Ce) matrix 20/spl times/20 elements, 2/spl times/2/spl times/25 mm/sup 3/ each, coupled Position Sensitive Photomultiplier (PS-PMT) (Hamamatsu R2486). modules are positioned rotating gantry. switching...
We report on the resonant Fabry Perot cavity of PVLAS (Polarization Vacuum with LASer) experiment operating at λ = 1064 nm a record decay time 2.7 ms, factor more than two larger any previously reported optical resonator. This corresponds to coherence length 8.1 · 10(5) m. The is 3.303 m, and resulting finesse 770,000.
We describe the principle and status of PVLAS experiment which is being assembled at INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (Legnaro, Padua, Italy) to look for coherent effects, related QED vacuum structure, on propagation a polarized light beam in strong magnetic field.
Through the contributions of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein, we recall universality free fall (UFF), weak equivalence principle (WEP), strong (SEP), in order to stress that general relativity requires all test masses be equally accelerated a gravitational field; is, it UFF WEP hold. The possibility testing this crucial fact with null, highly sensitive experiments makes these most powerful tests theory. Following Schiff, derive redshift from special show that, as long clocks are affected by...
The authors have successfully built and characterised a small animal PET based on 4 rotating detectors with spatial resolution <2 mm over its field of view sensitivity 640 cps//spl mu/Ci at the centre. scanner is four matrices 400 YAP:Ce finger crystals (2/spl times/2/spl times/30 mm/sup 3/ each) coupled to Position Sensitive PhotoMultipliers (Hamamatsu R2486-06.) now applied two high collimators opposite detectors, hence realising an integrated PET-SPECT for animals. are made lead 20 long,...
We report high-energy spectral data of the prompt emission GRB 970228 and its X-ray afterglow. establish that nature afterglow is nonthermal similar to later portion 970228. Our can be used discriminate different models afterglows. While cooling excited compact objects ruled out, fireball are constrained in physics radiation processes their evolution.
A new scintillation detector system has been designed for application in high resolution positron emission tomography (PET). The is a bundle of small YAlO/sub 3/:Ce (YAP) crystals closely packed (0.2/spl times/0.2/spl times/3.0 cm/sup 3/), coupled to position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). preliminary results obtained spatial resolution, time energy and efficiency 2 such detectors working coincidence are presented. These 1.2 mm the FWHM 2.0 ns 20% at 511 keV. measured (44/spl...
The Italian-Dutch satellite for X-ray Astronomy BeppoSAX is successfully operating on a 600 km equatorial orbit since May 1996. We present here the in-flight performances of Gamma Ray Burst Monitor experiment during its first year operation. GRBM secondary function four CsI(Na) slabs primarily as an active anticoincidence PDS hard experiment.. It has geometric area about 4000 cm2 but, due to location in core effective dependent energy and direction impinging photons. A dedicated electronics...