Warren Lowman
A5006541672- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Medical Device Sterilization and Disinfection
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Microscopic Colitis
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
University of the Witwatersrand
2015-2024
Wits University Donald Gordon Medical Centre
2015-2024
Right to Care
2018-2023
National Health Laboratory Service
2008-2018
Lancet Laboratories
2018
Biology of Infection
2018
Engineering Associates (United States)
2018
Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
2017
Tel Aviv University
2017
Israel Ministry of Health
2017
The spread of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is leading to increased carbapenem consumption. Alternatives carbapenems need be investigated. We investigated whether β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combinations are as effective in the treatment bloodstream infections (BSI) due ESBL-E. A multinational, retrospective cohort study was performed. Patients with monomicrobial BSI ESBL-E were studied; specific criteria applied for inclusion patients...
Abstract Candida auris is an invasive healthcare-associated fungal pathogen. Cases of candidemia, defined as illness in patients with cultured from blood, were detected through national laboratory-based surveillance South Africa during 2016–2017. We identified viable isolates by using mass spectrometry and sequencing. Among 6,669 cases (5,876 species identification) 269 hospitals, 794 (14%) caused C. auris. The incidence risk for all candidemia at 133 hospitals was 83.8 (95% CI 81.2–86.4)...
To determine the epidemiology of Candida auris in South Africa, we reviewed data from public- and private-sector diagnostic laboratories that reported confirmed probable cases invasive disease colonization for October 2012-November 2016. We defined a case as first isolation C. any specimen person age admitted to healthcare facility Africa. where laboratory had used nonconfirmatory biochemical identification method haemulonii was cultured. analyzed 1,692 cases; 93% were facilities, 92% known...
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are frequent yet outcome prediction rules for clinical use have not been developed. The objective was define and validate a predictive risk score 30 day mortality.A multinational retrospective cohort study including consecutive episodes of BSI ESBL-E performed; cases were randomly assigned derivation (DC) or validation (VC). main variable all-cause mortality. A developed using logistic regression coefficients the...
Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, best strategies for an ASP are not definitively established likely vary based on local culture, policy, routine clinical practice, probably limited resources in middle-income countries. The aim this study is evaluate structures stewardship teams (ASTs) surgical departments from different regions world.A...
OBJECTIVE To compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and mortality of patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) versus ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) to examine differences in characteristics outcome between BSIs isolates CTX-M other ESBL genotypes METHODS As part INCREMENT project, 33 tertiary hospitals 12 countries retrospectively collected data on adult diagnosed ESBL-EC BSI or...
Introduction We aimed to obtain an in-depth understanding on recent antimicrobial resistance trends and molecular epidemiology of S. aureus bacteraemia (SAB). Methods Thirteen academic centres in South Africa were included from June 2010 until July 2012. susceptibility testing was performed the MicroScan Walkaway. Real-time PCR using LightCycler 480 II done for mecA nuc. SCCmec spa-typing finalized with conventional PCR. selected one isolate per common spa type province multilocus sequence...
There is little information about the efficacy of active alternative drugs to carbapenems except β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors for treatment bloodstream infections (BSIs) due extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E). The objective this study was assess outcomes patients with BSI ESBL-E who received empiric therapy such (other [OADs]) or carbapenems. A multinational retrospective cohort OADs performed. Cox regression including a propensity score receiving...
We aimed to compare the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) versus best available therapy (BAT) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with bloodstream infection caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP-BSI). A retrospective (2016-2021) observational cohort study was performed 14 INCREMENT-SOT centers (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02852902; Impact Specific Antimicrobials and MIC Values on Outcome Bloodstream Infections Due ESBL- or...
Data about the efficacy of ertapenem for treatment bloodstream infections (BSI) due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are limited. We compared clinical and other carbapenems in monomicrobial BSI ESBL-E. A multinational retrospective cohort study (INCREMENT project) was performed (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01764490). Patients given monotherapy with or were compared. Empirical targeted therapies analysed. Propensity scores used control confounding; sensitivity analyses...
Background. The increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance observed in the nosocomial pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae are major public health concern worldwide. Objectives. To describe antibiotic susceptibility profiles K. isolates from bacteraemic patients submitted by sentinel laboratories five regions South Africa mid-2010 to mid-2012. Molecular methods were used detect most commonly found extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes. Methods. Thirteen academic centres...
Nocardiosis is an underrecognized clinical entity in South Africa, for which interspecies epidemiological and differences are poorly understood. The taxonomical state of flux the lack a simple antimicrobial susceptibility testing method partly responsible. Definitive identification molecularly based, further complicates study this ubiquitous organism, as methodology beyond scope most routine diagnostic laboratories. Etest has been proposed alternative to reference broth microdilution method,...
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant although unquantified burden in South Africa. Lack of adequate surveillance compounds this problem.To report on the establishment and outcomes unit-specific system for hospital-acquired infections, based international standards, private academic hospital.Active device-associated (DAIs) was introduced over 2-year period. The US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) utilising standardised definitions. Analysis DAI rates device...
Echinocandins are recommended as first-line agents to treat invasive infections caused by Candida glabrata since this organism is inherently less susceptible azoles. However, resistance echinocandins has been described in C. due amino acid changes the hotspot regions of FKS1 and FKS2 genes. In report, we describe first two South African isolates with echinocandin mediated mutations gene. Both were cultured from urine specimens private-sector patients.
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen and causes various infections in patients. This study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological molecular characteristics of A. isolated from BCs patients at a tertiary-level hospital South Africa. Ninety-six isolates bloodstream were collected. Clinical recorded patient files. Organism identification AST was performed using automated systems. PCR screening for mcr-1 mcr-5 genes done. To infer genetic relatedness, dendrogram...
Acinetobacter baumannii is a prolific nosocomial pathogen renowned for its multidrug-resistant nature. We report case of community-acquired meningitis due to A. baumannii. The highlights the potential pathogenicity this organism and raises concerns that highly adaptable may soon evolve into significant community pathogen, too.
Background and objectives. Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are largely preventable through risk analysis modification of practice. Anaesthetic practice plays a limited role in the prevention HAIs, although laryngoscope use decontamination is an area concern. We aimed to assess level microbial contamination re-usable blades at public hospital South Africa. Setting. The theatre complex secondary-level Johannesburg. Methods. Blades from two different theatres were sampled twice daily, using...