A5015424337- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Gut microbiota and health
Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
École Pratique des Hautes Études
2015-2024
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2017-2024
Sorbonne Université
2015-2024
Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
2009-2024
Université des Antilles
2020
Université Sorbonne Nouvelle
2015
University of Konstanz
2005-2014
University of California, Berkeley
2009
Pathogenic Escherichia coli cause over 160 million cases of dysentery and one deaths per year, whereas non-pathogenic E. constitute part the normal intestinal flora healthy mammals birds. The evolutionary pathways underlying this dichotomy in bacterial lifestyle were investigated by multilocus sequence typing a global collection isolates. Specific pathogen types [enterohaemorrhagic coli, enteropathogenic enteroinvasive K1 Shigella] have arisen independently repeatedly several lineages, other...
Helicobacter pylori , a chronic gastric pathogen of human beings, can be divided into seven populations and subpopulations with distinct geographical distributions. These modern derive their gene pools from ancestral that arose in Africa, Central Asia, East Asia. Subsequent spread attributed to migratory fluxes such as the prehistoric colonization Polynesia Americas, neolithic introduction farming Europe, Bantu expansion within slave trade.
Listeria monocytogenes is a model organism for cellular microbiology and host-pathogen interaction studies an important food-borne pathogen widespread in the environment, thus representing attractive to study evolution of virulence. The phylogenetic structure L. was determined by sequencing internal portions seven housekeeping genes (3,288 nucleotides) 360 representative isolates. Fifty-eight 126 disclosed sequence types were grouped into well-demarcated clonal complexes (clones) that...
The association of historical plague pandemics with Yersinia pestis remains controversial, partly because the evolutionary history this largely monomorphic bacterium was unknown. microevolution Y. therefore investigated by three different multilocus molecular methods, targeting genomewide synonymous SNPs, variation in number tandem repeats, and insertion IS 100 elements. Eight populations were recognized we propose an tree for these populations, rooted on pseudotuberculosis . invokes over...
Understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmission is essential to guide efficient control strategies. Traditional strain typing lacks sufficient discriminatory power resolve large outbreaks. Here, we tested the potential of using next generation genome sequencing for identification outbreak-related chains.During long-term (1997 2010) prospective population-based molecular epidemiological surveillance comprising a total 2,301 patients, identified outbreak caused by an Mtb Haarlem...
The evolutionary timing and spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), one most successful groups bacterial pathogens, remains largely unknown. Here, using mycobacterial tandem repeat sequences as genetic markers, we show that MTBC consists two independent clades, composed exclusively M. lineages from humans other both animal human isolates. latter also likely derived a pathogenic lineage, supporting hypothesis an original host. Using Bayesian statistics experimental data on...
Leishmania infantum (syn. L. chagasi) is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in New World (NW) with endemic regions extending from southern USA to northern Argentina. The two hypotheses about origin VL NW suggest (1) recent importation Old (OW), or (2) an indigenous and a distinct taxonomic rank for parasite. Multilocus microsatellite typing was applied survey 98 isolates different foci. profiles obtained were compared those 308 20 donovani strains OW countries previously...
Due to the lack of fossil evidence, timescales bacterial evolution are largely unknown. The speed with which genetic change accumulates in populations pathogenic bacteria, however, is a key parameter that crucial for understanding emergence traits such as increased virulence or antibiotic resistance, together forces driving pathogen spread. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) common cause hospital-acquired infections. We have investigated an MRSA strain (ST225) highly...
The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is genetically heterogeneous. Although some clonal groups have been implicated in multiple outbreaks, there currently no consensus on how "epidemic clones" should be defined. objectives of this work were to compare the patterns sequence diversity two sets genes that widely used define L. groups: multilocus typing (MLST) and multi-virulence-locus (MvLST). Further, we evaluated within by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Based 125 isolates...
Bacterial factors favoring the unprecedented multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) epidemic in former Soviet Union remain unclear. We utilized whole genome sequencing and Bayesian statistics to analyze evolutionary history, temporal emergence of resistance transmission networks MDR Mycobacterium complex isolates from Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan (2001–2006). One clade (termed Central Asian outbreak, CAO) dating back 1974 (95% HPD 1969–1982) subsequently acquired mediating mutations eight...
ABSTRACT Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was recognized in Europe and worldwide the late 1990s. Within a decade, several genetically geographically distinct CA-MRSA lineages carrying small SCC mec type IV V genetic elements Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) emerged around world. In Europe, predominant strain belongs to clonal complex 80 (CC80) is resistant kanamycin/amikacin fusidic acid. CC80 first reported 1993 but relatively rare until It has since...
Protozoan parasites of the
Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was recognized worldwide during the 1990s; in less than a decade, several genetically distinct CA-MRSA lineages carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes have emerged on every continent. Most notably, United States, sequence type 18-IV (ST8-IV) clone known as USA300 has become highly prevalent, outcompeting methicillin-susceptible S. (MSSA) and other MRSA strains both community hospital settings. bacteria are much...
Abstract Transmission-driven multi-/extensively drug resistant (M/XDR) tuberculosis (TB) is the largest single contributor to human mortality due antimicrobial resistance. A few major clades of Mycobacterium complex belonging lineage 2, responsible for high prevalence MDR-TB in Eurasia, show outstanding transnational distributions. Here, we determined factors underlying emergence and epidemic spread W148 clade by genome sequencing Bayesian demogenetic analyses 720 isolates from 23 countries....
Panmictic species pose particular problems for conservation because their welfare can be addressed effectively only on a global scale. We recently documented by means of microsatellite analysis that the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is not panmictic but instead shows genetic isolation distance. In this study, we extended to American (A. rostrata) applying identical analytical procedures and statistical power. Results obtained were in sharp contrast with those eel: null hypothesis panmixia...
The history of mankind remains one the most challenging fields study. However, emergence anatomically modern humans has been so recent that only a few genetically informative polymorphisms have accumulated. Here, we show DNA sequences from Helicobacter pylori , bacterium colonizes stomachs and is usually transmitted within families, can distinguish between closely related human populations are superior in this respect to classical genetic markers. H. Buddhists Muslims, two major ethnic...
In mycobacteria, conjugation differs from the canonical Hfr model, but is still poorly understood. Here, we quantified this evolutionary processe in a natural mycobacterial population, taking advantage of large clinical strain collection emerging pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB).Multilocus sequence typing confirmed existence three M. subspecies, and unravelled extensive allelic exchange between them. Furthermore, an asymmetrical gene flow occurring these main lineages was detected,...
BackgroundUnderstanding enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) circulation patterns as well risk factors for severe respiratory and neurological illness is important developing preventive strategies. Methods: Between 2010 2016, 11,132 specimens from hospitalised patients in Lyon, France, were screened EV-D68 by PCR. Phylogenetic relationships of the viral-protein-1 sequences reconstructed using maximum-likelihood Bayesian-Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo approaches. Results: Overall, 171 infections with a...
The bacterial foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 1 (Lm-CC1) is the most prevalent group associated with human listeriosis and strongly cattle dairy products. Here, we analyze 2021 isolates collected from 40 countries, covering Lm-CC1 first isolation to present days, define its evolutionary history population dynamics. We show that spread worldwide North America following Industrial Revolution through two waves of expansion, coinciding transatlantic livestock trade in...