A5076001906- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
2009-2024
Nasjonalforeningen for Folkehelsen
2008
Infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria are threatening modern health care. However, estimating their incidence, complications, and attributable mortality is challenging. We aimed estimate the burden of infections caused by public concern in countries EU European Economic Area (EEA) 2015, measured number cases, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).We estimated incidence with 16 antibiotic resistance-bacterium combinations from Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network...
Emerging livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) persist in livestock populations and represent a reservoir for transmission to humans. Understanding the routes of introduction further is crucial control this threat human health. All reported cases MRSA (CC398) humans pigs Norway between 2008 2014 were included. Data collected during an extensive outbreak investigation, including contact tracing stringent surveillance. Whole-genome sequencing isolates from all...
Abstract Objective To evaluate the personal protective effects of wearing versus not surgical face masks in public spaces on self-reported respiratory symptoms over a 14 day period. Design Pragmatic randomised superiority trial. Setting Norway. Participants 4647 adults aged ≥18 years: 2371 were assigned to intervention arm and 2276 control arm. Interventions wear mask (eg, shopping centres, streets, transport) period (mask at home or work was mentioned). places. Main outcome measures The...
Farm animals have been identified as an emerging reservoir for transmission of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) to humans. The low incidence MRSA in humans and farm Norway has led the implementation a national strategy surveillance control LA-MRSA aiming prevent livestock becoming domestic source In 2015, clonal complex 1 spa-type t177 was nine Norwegian pig herds two neighboring counties. An outbreak investigation undertaken, measures through...
Patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are thought to incur additional costs for hospitals due longer stay and contact isolation. The aim of this study was assess the associated MRSA in Norwegian hospitals.Analyses were based on data fromSouth-Eastern Norway year 2012 as registered Surveillance System Communicable Diseases Patient Registry. We used a matched case-control method compare diagnosed inpatients non-MRSA terms length stay, readmissions within 30 days from discharge,...
Introduction National and regional carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) surveillance is essential to understand the burden of antimicrobial resistance, elucidate outbreaks, develop infection-control or antimicrobial-treatment recommendations. Aim This study aimed describe CPE their epidemiology in Norway from 2015 2021. Methods A nationwide, population-based observational all verified clinical carriage isolates submitted national reference laboratory was conducted. Isolates were...
A comparison of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevention and control recommendations, as stated in national/regional guidelines 13 European countries was performed based on a structured questionnaire filled by representatives professional societies or institutions. The aim this study to be source guidelines, references views which can inform discussions at national/regional/local levels. Countries were devided two groups proportion MRSA blood cultures positive with...
Introduction Scandinavian countries have traditionally had a low prevalence of resistant organisms, but in recent years experienced change their epidemiology. We aim to describe the epidemiology carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Norway, measure importance infections contracted abroad, assess morbidity mortality associated with these bacteria Norway. Methods materials used data from Norwegian...
Health care workers (HCW) have a higher exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus than other professionals and protect both HCW patients, been prioritized for vaccination against in many countries. Estimating the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among is important provide recommendations risk groups.We estimated infections using Cox proportional hazard models with comparisons general population, from 1 August 2021 28 January 2022. Vaccine status specified as time-varying covariate all incorporated explicit...
To compare effects of school closures with targeted infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in open schools on SARS-CoV-2 rates students.We conducted interrupted time-series analyses to trends grades 1-10 7 boroughs Oslo, Norway, between February 15 April 18, 2021. All at all levels had implemented strict IPC measures. While 1-4 attended throughout the study period, were for 5-10 from March 17. We obtained individual level data nationwide registries.A total 616, 452, 446 students...
Important differences in excess mortality between European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported. Understanding drivers of these is essential to preparedness. We examined patterns age- and sex-standardized cumulative 13 Western first 30 months correlation country-level characteristics interest with mortality. In a timeline analysis, we identified notable seeding events, particularly early 2020 when Alpha variant emerged, likely contributing (lowest Denmark that period)....
Importance Observational studies have reported an association between the use of eye protection and reduced risk infection with SARS-CoV-2 other respiratory viruses, but, as most control measures, no randomized clinical trials been conducted. Objectives To evaluate effectiveness wearing glasses in public against being infected viruses. Design, Setting, Participants A trial was conducted Norway from February 2 to April 24, 2022; all adult members who did not regularly wear glasses, had...
Understanding and limiting infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) subsequent transmission to their families is always important has been underscored during the COVID-19 pandemic. Except specific local settings, little known about extent of such transmissions at national level.To describe SARS-CoV-2 HCWs estimate risk transmitting household members, including calculating secondary attack rate members estimating for hospital contract home.Using individual-level data on all employed Norwegian...
We examined the association between face masks and risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 using cross-sectional data from 3,209 participants in a randomized trial exploring effectiveness glasses reducing infection. Face mask use was based on participants' response to end-of-follow-up survey. found that incidence self-reported COVID-19 33% (aRR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03-1.72) higher those wearing often or sometimes, 40% 1.40; 1.08-1.82) almost always always, compared who reported never never. believe...
Abstract Background Despite a lack of conclusive evidence effect, methenamine hippurate is widely prescribed as preventive treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Norway. A national discontinuation due to 4-month drug shortage 2019 presented an opportunity evaluate its effect on UTIs among regular users. Objective To estimate the impact prescription frequency UTI antibiotics. Methods Data from The Norwegian Prescription Database was analysed using interrupted time series...
Schools and preschools have largely remained open in Norway throughout the pandemic, with flexible mitigation measures place. This contrasts many other high-income countries that closed schools for long periods of time. Here we describe cases outbreaks COVID-19 during academic year 2020/2021, to evaluate strategy keeping these infection prevention control place.In this descriptive study, Norwegian Institute Public Health initiated systematic surveillance October 2020. Data was compiled from...
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, molecular, and clinical characteristics MRSA t304/ST8 t304/ST6 in Norway from 2008 2016. Clinical epidemiological data were collected for each case included study. Strains characterized by PCR, spa typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole genome sequencing. overall number cases t304 increased 27 203 Most defined as HA-MRSA (89.9%) diagnosed persons with Norwegian background, many them living nursing homes...
Aims: Studies have suggested that some minority groups tend to lower vaccination rates than the overall population. This study aims examine COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Norway, according immigrant background. Methods: We used individual-level, nation-wide registry data from Norway identify all employed full time at 1 December 2020. examined relationship between country of birth and 2020 August 2021, both crude adjusted for, for example, age, sex, municipality residence detailed...