A5063293216- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Microbial infections and disease research
- interferon and immune responses
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Veterinary Oncology Research
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Bone health and treatments
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
University of Utah
2014-2024
Arizona State University
2020-2024
Huntsman Cancer Institute
2014-2024
PEEL Therapeutics (United States)
2020-2024
North Carolina State University
2022-2024
Zoological Society of London
2022
Institute of Cancer Research
2022
University of Arizona
2022
The University of Queensland
2022
University of Cambridge
2022
Evolutionary medicine may provide insights into human physiology and pathophysiology, including tumor biology.To identify mechanisms for cancer resistance in elephants compare cellular response to DNA damage among elephants, healthy controls, cancer-prone patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS).A comprehensive survey of necropsy data was performed across 36 mammalian species validate large long-lived organisms, (n = 644). The African Asian elephant genomes were analyzed potential...
Abstract Background Cancer is a common diagnosis in many mammalian species, yet they vary their vulnerability to cancer. The factors driving this variation are unknown, but life history theory offers potential explanations why cancer defense mechanisms not equal across species. Methodology Here we report the prevalence of neoplasia and malignancy 37 representing 11 orders, using 42 years well curated necropsy data from San Diego Zoo Safari Park. We collected on components these species...
Abstract Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition associated with germline TP53 pathogenic variants. Here, we perform whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis of tumors from 22 patients We observe somatic mutations affecting Wnt, PI3K/AKT signaling, epigenetic modifiers and homologous recombination genes as well mutational signatures prior chemotherapy. identify near-ubiquitous early loss heterozygosity , gain the mutant allele. This occurs earlier in these compared to...
Abstract Cancer is pervasive across multicellular species, but what explains the differences in cancer prevalence species? Using 16,049 necropsy records for 292 species spanning three clades of tetrapods (amphibians, sauropsids, and mammals), we found that neoplasia malignancy increases with adult mass (contrary to Peto’s paradox) somatic mutation rate decreases gestation time. The relationship between was only apparent when controlled Evolution susceptibility appears have undergone sudden...
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status and grade define subgroups of diffuse gliomas differing based on age, tumor location, presentation, prognosis. While some biologic differences between IDH mutated (IDH mut) wild-type wt) are clear, the distinct alterations associated with progression two subtypes to glioblastoma (GBM, Grade IV) have not been well described. We analyzed copy number (CNAs) across grades (Grade II–III GBM) in both mut wt infiltrating using molecular inversion probe...
Disease susceptibility and resistance are important factors for the conservation of endangered species, including elephants. We analyzed pathology data from 26 zoos report that Asian elephants have increased neoplasia malignancy prevalence compared with African bush This is consistent observed higher to tuberculosis elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) in To investigate genetic mechanisms underlying disease resistance, differential responses between among other traits, we sequenced...
Abstract At over 200 years, the maximum lifespan of bowhead whale exceeds that all other mammals. The is also second-largest animal on Earth, reaching 80,000 kg 1 . Despite its very large number cells and long lifespan, not highly cancer-prone, an incongruity termed Peto’s Paradox 2 This phenomenon has been explained by evolution additional tumor suppressor genes in larger animals, supported research elephants demonstrating expansion p53 gene 3–5 Here we show fibroblasts undergo oncogenic...
The identity of most functional elements in the mammalian genome and phenotypes they impact are unclear. Here, we perform a genome-wide comparative analysis patterns accelerated evolution species with highly distinctive traits to discover candidate for clinically important phenotypes. We identify regions (ARs) elephant, hibernating bat, orca, dolphin, naked mole rat, thirteen-lined ground squirrel lineages conserved regions, uncovering ∼33,000 that bind hundreds different regulatory proteins...
<div>Abstract<p>Cancer is pervasive across multicellular species, but what explains the differences in cancer prevalence species? Using 16,049 necropsy records for 292 species spanning three clades of tetrapods (amphibians, sauropsids, and mammals), we found that neoplasia malignancy increases with adult mass (contrary to Peto’s paradox) somatic mutation rate decreases gestation time. The relationship between was only apparent when controlled Evolution susceptibility appears have...
<p>High resolution cladogram from Figure 6 in the main text with species' names as tip labels</p>
<p>Analysis of our results with the outlier species removed</p>
<p>Analysis our of regression results with various data transformation techniques</p>
<p>All of the PGLS regressions done with exception multivariate analysis. The analysis is included as a separate file S41</p>
<p>Multivariate PGLS regression analysis</p>
Abstract Worldwide, lung cancer and colon are the most frequently diagnosed cancers with high mortality. Targeted therapy, including small molecule inhibitors monoclonal antibodies of various oncogenic proteins, has improved survival, but development resistance remains a significant issue. TP53 is critical tumor suppressor gene loss function occurs in over 50% all human cancers. In cancer, evolutionary conserved codons mutated. Among range mammalian species, elephants develop less than...
Background The genetics involved in Ewing sarcoma susceptibility and prognosis are poorly understood. EWS/FLI related EWS/ETS chimeras upregulate numerous gene targets via promoter-based GGAA-microsatellite response elements. These microsatellites highly polymorphic humans, preliminary evidence suggests EWS/FLI-mediated expression is dependent on the number of GGAA motifs within microsatellite. Objectives Here we sought to examine spectrum a NR0B1 promoter (a critical target) primary tumors,...