A5005070165- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
- Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Synthesis and properties of polymers
- Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Research
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- History and advancements in chemistry
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Circular RNAs in diseases
University of Rochester
2021-2025
University of Amsterdam
2017-2022
Amsterdam University Medical Centers
2018-2022
Amsterdam Neuroscience
2018-2022
St Petersburg University
2020
Transneft (Russia)
2017-2019
Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry
2015-2019
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam
2017-2018
Ivanovo State Power University
2010-2015
Brown University
2015
We present the results of experiments in JET to study effect plasma shape on high density ELMy H-modes, with geometry magnetic boundary similar that envisaged for standard Q = 10 operation ITER. The described are single lower null plasmas, q profile, neutral beam heating and gas fuelling, average triangularity δ calculated at separatrix ~0.45-0.5 elongation κ~1.75. In agreement previous obtained other divertor Tokamaks, thermal energy confinement time maximum achievable steady state a given...
Oxidative stress (OS) occurs in brains of patients with epilepsy and coincides brain inflammation, both phenomena contribute to seizure generation animal models. We investigated whether expression OS inflammation markers co-occurred also resected tissue epileptogenic cortical malformations: hemimegalencephaly (HME), focal dysplasia (FCD) tubers tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Moreover, we studied molecular mechanisms linking an vitro model neuronal function. Untangling interdependency...
Abstract Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronic neurological disease in humans, which refractory to pharmacological treatment about 30% of the patients. Reactive glial cells are thought play major role during development (epileptogenesis) via regulation brain inflammation and remodeling extracellular matrix (ECM). These processes can be regulated by microRNAs (miRs), class small non‐coding RNAs, control entire gene networks at post‐transcriptional level. The expression miRs known change...
Abstract Neuronal dysfunction due to iron accumulation in conjunction with reactive oxygen species (ROS) could represent an important, yet underappreciated, component of the epileptogenic process. However, date, alterations metabolism brain have not been addressed detail. Iron-related neuropathology and antioxidant metabolic processes were investigated resected tissue from patients temporal lobe epilepsy hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS), post-mortem who died after status epilepticus (SE) as...
In JET, lower hybrid (LH) and ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) wave absorption in the scrape-off layer can lead to enhanced heat fluxes on some plasma facing components (PFCs). Experiments have been carried out characterize these loads order to: (i) prepare JET operation with Be wall which has a reduced power handling capability as compared carbon (ii) better understand physics driving phenomena propose solutions for next generation systems reduce them. When using ICRF, hot spots are...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are synthesized by neurons and glia released into the extracellular space, where they act as modulators of neuroplasticity neuroinflammatory agents. Development epilepsy (epileptogenesis) is associated with increased expression MMPs, therefore, may represent potential therapeutic drug targets. Using quantitative PCR (qPCR) immunohistochemistry, we studied MMPs their endogenous inhibitors tissue (TIMPs) in patients status epilepticus (SE) or temporal lobe...
Genomic instability and inflammation are distinct hallmarks of aging, but the connection between them is poorly understood. Here we report a mechanism directly linking genomic in senescent cells through mitochondria-regulated molecular circuit involving p53 cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF) that enriched for DNA damage signaling marker γH2A.X. We show suppresses CCF accumulation its downstream inflammatory phenotype. activation formation linked to enhanced repair genome integrity....
This paper describes experiments with highly shaped JET H-mode plasmas, which were directed to developing regimes where Type I ELMs are replaced by other edge relaxations, while maintaining the pedestal pressure of ELMy H-modes. It was found that II coexisted I, up densities order Greenwald limit, III appear, and good confinement lost. Only at highest collisionality it observed completely replace I. At high βp q95, 'grassy' completely. The MHD spectra characteristics for grassy significantly...
The first experimental observation of a radio frequency (rf) wave-induced particle pinch trapped ions has been made in experiments at the Joint European Torus with nearly on-axis high power toroidally asymmetric ICRF (ion cyclotron range frequencies) heating. Significant differences have detected discharges when waves directed opposite toroidal directions. In particular, fast-ion-driven Alfv\'en eigenmode activity, sawtooth behavior, and proton distribution functions found to be strongly...
It has recently been proposed that extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are one of the factors mediating seizure development. We hypothesized inhibition ERK1/2 activity could prevent audiogenic seizures by altering GABA glutamate release mechanisms. Krushinsky-Molodkina rats, genetically prone to seizure, were recruited in experiments. Animals i.p. injected with an inhibitor SL 327 at different doses 60 min before audio stimulation. demonstrated for first time injections...
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronic neurological disease, in which about 30% of patients cannot be treated adequately with anti-epileptic drugs. Brain inflammation and remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) seem to play major role TLE. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes largely responsible for ECM. The inhibition MMPs has been suggested as novel therapy epilepsy; however, available MMP inhibitors lack specificity cause serious side effects. We studied whether...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with the pathological activation of immune-competent cells in brain, such as astrocytes, microglia and infiltrating immune blood cells, resulting chronic inflammation gliosis. This may contribute to secondary after TBI, thus understanding these processes crucial for development effective treatments post-traumatic pathologies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small noncoding RNAs, functioning posttranscriptional regulators gene expression. The increased...
Abstract At over 200 years, the maximum lifespan of bowhead whale exceeds that all other mammals. The is also second-largest animal on Earth, reaching 80,000 kg 1 . Despite its very large number cells and long lifespan, not highly cancer-prone, an incongruity termed Peto’s Paradox 2 This phenomenon has been explained by evolution additional tumor suppressor genes in larger animals, supported research elephants demonstrating expansion p53 gene 3–5 Here we show fibroblasts undergo oncogenic...
A neutral particle analyser was deployed on JET for a measurement of the distribution function megaelectronvolt energy protons driven by high power ion cyclotron resonance frequency heating deuterium plasmas in hydrogen minority scheme. Unexpectedly, efficient neutralization observed plasma centre without recourse to injection beam atoms provide electron donors charge exchange reactions. model is presented that elucidates role carbon and beryllium, main intrinsic impurities plasmas, this...
Nine type-I ELMy H-mode discharges in diagnostic optimized configuration JET are analysed with the EDGE2D/NIMBUS package. EDGE2D solves fluid equations for conservation of particles, momentum and energy hydrogenic impurity ions, while neutrals followed two-dimensional Monte Carlo module NIMBUS. Using external boundary conditions from experiment, perpendicular heat conductivities χi,e particle transport coefficients D, v varied until good agreement between code result measured data is...
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurocutaneous disorder caused by inactivating mutations in TSC1 or TSC2, key regulators of the mechanistic target rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) pathway. In CNS, TSC characterized cortical tubers, subependymal nodules and giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). SEGAs may lead to impaired circulation CSF resulting hydrocephalus raised intracranial pressure patients with TSC. Currently, surgical resection mTORC1 inhibitors are recommended...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) dysregulates microRNAs, which are the master regulators of gene expression. Here we investigated changes in a brain-enriched miR-124-3p, is known to associate with major post-injury pathologies, such as neuroinflammation. RT-qPCR rat tissue sampled at 7 d and 3 months perilesional cortex adjacent necrotic lesion core (aPeCx) revealed downregulation miR-124-3p (fold-change (FC) 0.13, p < 0.05 compared control) (FC 0.40, 0.05) post-TBI. In situ hybridization...
Results from recent experiments to study the effects of divertor geometry and increased plasma shaping on L–H transition threshold JET are reported. Equivalent septum configurations run with new replacement plate (SRP) in MkII Gas Box have shown that presence lowers power threshold, Pth, by 20%. For X-point virtual top distances less than 6 cm, SRP plasmas also demonstrate a significant decrease Pth pedestal electron temperature, Te reduced height. Although, plasma's remains above septum,...
We report the identification of a localized current structure inside JET plasma. It is field-aligned closed helical ribbon, carrying in same direction as background profile (cocurrent), rotating toroidally with ion velocity (corotating). appears to be located at flat spot plasma pressure profile, top pedestal. The spontaneously low density, high rotation plasmas, and can last up 1.4 s, time comparable local resistive time. considerably delays appearance first edge mode.Received 23 November...
One of the most severe problems for fusion reactors is power load on plasma facing components. The challenge to develop operation scenarios, which combine sufficient energy confinement with benign heat loads radiative type-III ELMy H-mode seems a possible solution such an integrated ITER scenario. Nitrogen seeded H-modes standard inductive scenario and high beta stationary hybrid are investigated respect their transient steady-state fluxes divertor, properties, edge operational space, core...
Abstract Astrocytes are important mediators of inflammatory processes in the brain and seem to play an role several neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Recent studies show that astrocytes produce microRNAs, which may function as crucial regulators pathways could be used therapeutic target. We aim study miRNAs produced by during IL‐1β mediated conditions vitro, well their functional validate these findings human epileptogenic tissue. Sequencing was assess miRNA mRNA expression...