A5025596419- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Malaria Research and Control
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
Médecins Sans Frontières
2017-2023
Epicentre (South Africa)
2016-2022
United Nations Children's Fund Niger
2017
Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire
2014
Maison des Sciences de l’Homme de Dijon
2014
Université Abdou Moumouni
2014
Each year, rotavirus gastroenteritis is responsible for about 37% of deaths from diarrhea among children younger than 5 years age worldwide, with a disproportionate effect in sub-Saharan Africa.We conducted randomized, placebo-controlled trial Niger to evaluate the efficacy live, oral bovine pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, Serum Institute India) prevent severe gastroenteritis. Healthy infants received three doses or placebo at 6, 10, and 14 weeks age. Episodes were assessed through active...
High-quality evidence supporting a community-based treatment protocol for children with severe acute malnutrition, including routine antibiotic use at admission to nutritional program, remains limited. In view of the costs and consequences emerging resistance associated use, more is required support this practice.In double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Niger, we randomly assigned who were 6 59 months age had uncomplicated malnutrition receive amoxicillin or placebo 7 days. The primary...
Background Finding the most appropriate strategy for prevention of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe (SAM) in young children is essential countries like Niger with annual “hunger gaps.” Options large-scale include distribution supplementary foods, such as fortified-blended foods or lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) without household support (cash food transfer). To date, there has been no direct controlled comparison between these strategies leading to debate concerning...
Background Although rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea among children in sub-Saharan Africa, better knowledge circulating enteric pathogenic bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance crucial for prevention treatment strategies. Methodology/Principal Findings As a part gastroenteritis surveillance Maradi, Niger, we performed stool culture on sub-population under 5 with moderate-to-severe between April 2010 March 2012. Campylobacter, Shigella Salmonella were sought...
Abstract We sought datasets with granular age distributions of rotavirus-positive disease presentations among children <5 years age, before the introduction rotavirus vaccines. identified 117 and fit parametric to each country dataset mortality stratum. calculated median cumulative proportion gastroenteritis events expected occur at ages between birth 5.0 years. The hospital admissions was 38 weeks (interquartile range [IQR], 25–58 weeks) in countries very high child 65 (IQR, 40–107 low...
War-wounded civilians in Middle East countries are at risk of post-traumatic osteomyelitis (PTO). We aimed to describe and compare the bacterial etiology proportion first-line antibiotics resistant bacteria (FLAR) among PTO cases from Syria, Iraq Yemen admitted reconstructive surgical program Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Amman, Jordan, identify factors for developing with FLAR bacteria.We retrospectively analyzed laboratory database MSF program. Inclusion criteria were: patients Iraq, or...
In Niger, malaria transmission is markedly seasonal with most of the disease burden occurring in children during rainy season. Seasonal chemoprevention (SMC) amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (AQ + SP) recommended country to be administered monthly just before and Moreover, clinical decisions on use SP for intermittent preventive treatment pregnancy (IPTp) now depend upon validated molecular markers resistance Plasmodium falciparum observed local parasite population. However, little...
Although patterns of social contacts are believed to be an important determinant infectious disease transmission, it remains unclear how the frequency and nature human interactions shape individual's risk infection. We analysed data on daily encounters individually matched S. pneumoniae carriage acute respiratory symptoms (ARS), from 566 individuals who took part in a survey South-West Uganda. found that physical (i.e. skin-to-skin), long (≥1 h) household - which capture some measure close...
Objectives Debate for a greater role of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measures in nutritional programming continues, but shift from therapeutic feeding programs admitting children using MUAC and/or weight-for-height Z (WHZ) to new model only remains complicated by limited information regarding the clinical profile and response treatment selected vs. WHZ. To broaden our understanding how identified WHZ may differ, we aimed investigate differences between terms demographic,...
Background Antibiotic prophylaxis for contacts of meningitis cases is not recommended during outbreaks in the African belt. We assessed effectiveness single-dose oral ciprofloxacin administered to household and village-wide distributions on overall attack rate (AR) an outbreak meningococcal meningitis. Methods findings In this 3-arm, open-label, cluster-randomized trial a Madarounfa District, Niger, villages notifying suspected case were randomly assigned (1:1:1) standard care (the control...
Poor adherence to seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) might affect the protective effectiveness of SMC. Here, we evaluated population pharmacokinetic properties amodiaquine and its active metabolite, desethylamodiaquine, in children receiving SMC under directly observed ideal conditions ( n = 136), at an implementation phase participating a case‐control study evaluate 869). Amodiaquine desethylamodiaquine concentration‐time profiles were described simultaneously by two‐compartment...
Numerous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapid serological tests have been developed, but their accuracy has usually assessed using very few samples, and rigorous comparisons between these are scarce. In this study, we evaluated compared 10 commercially available SARS-CoV-2 the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) methodology.
To estimate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of community- hospital-acquired bacteremia among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition in Niger.A descriptive, longitudinal study was conducted an intensive nutritional rehabilitation center Madarounfa, Niger. Children aged 6 to 59 months admitted for inpatient treatment complicated (n=2187) had blood specimens drawn at admission assess community-acquired bacteremia. Subsequent were per physician discretion incidence...
Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health problem and responsible for high mortality in children new-borns. Strengthening the rational use of antibiotics improving quality access to existing are important factors fight against antibiotic resistance. This study aims provide knowledge on resource-limited countries order identify problems possible avenues improvement use. Methods We conducted retrospective July 2020 collected quantitative clinical therapeutic data...
Knowledge of rotavirus epidemiology is necessary to make informed decisions about vaccine introduction and evaluate impact. During April 2010-March 2012, surveillance was conducted among 9,745 children <5 years age in 14 hospitals/health centers Niger, where has not been introduced. Study participants had acute watery diarrhea moderate severe dehydration, 20% the were enrolled a nutrition program. Of children, 30.6% positive. Genotyping subset positive samples showed variety genotypes during...
In East Africa, fishing communities are considered most-at-risk populations for the acquisition of HIV. We estimated HIV prevalence and assessed progress towards UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets along treatment cascade in 12 surrounding Lakes Edward George, Uganda.We conducted a cross-sectional household-based survey between September November 2016. All adults 15 69 years old were eligible to participate. Children below testing if either parent was HIV-positive. Viral load done all HIV-infected...
High-resolution data on the etiology of childhood diarrhea in countries with highest burden and mortality remain sparse are needed to inform estimates prioritize interventions.We tested stool specimens collected between October 2014 December 2017 from children under 2 years age per-protocol population a placebo-controlled clinical trial bovine rotavirus pentavalent vaccine (Rotasiil) Niger. We 1729 episodes moderate-to-severe (Vesikari score ≥ 7) using quantitative PCR estimated...
Children with severe acute malnutrition are treated antibiotics as outpatients. We aimed to determine the effect of 7 days amoxicillin on and long-term changes gut microbiome antibiotic resistome in children for malnutrition.
Nutritional status may play a role in infant immune development. To identify potential boosters of immunogenicity low-income countries where oral vaccine efficacy is low, we tested the effect prenatal nutritional supplementation on response to 3 doses live rotavirus vaccine.We nested cluster randomized trial within double-blind, placebo-controlled assess supplements (lipid-based nutrient supplement [LNS], multiple micronutrient [MMS], or iron-folic acid [IFA]) (n = 53 villages and 1,525...