A5084431121- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
- Berberine and alkaloids research
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- GABA and Rice Research
- Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Digital Holography and Microscopy
- Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
2013-2025
RIKEN
2023
Strigolactones (SLs) or SL-derived metabolite(s) have recently been shown to act as endogenous inhibitors of axillary bud outgrowth. SLs released from roots induce hyphal branching arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that facilitate the uptake inorganic nutrients, such phosphate (Pi) and nitrate, by host plants. Previous studies SL levels in root exudates are highly elevated Pi starvation, which might contribute successful symbiosis with AM rhizosphere. However, how starvation its hormonal...
The perception mechanism for the strigolactone (SL) class of plant hormones has been a subject debate because their receptor, DWARF14 (D14), is an α/β-hydrolase that can cleave SLs. Here we show via time-course analyses SL binding and hydrolysis by Arabidopsis thaliana D14, level uncleaved strongly correlates with induction active signaling state. In addition, AtD14
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) control many aspects of growth and development in plants. GA(1) has been the most frequently found bioactive GA various tissues flowering plants, but enzymes responsible for biosynthesis have not fully elucidated due to catalyzing 13-hydroxylation step being identified. Because lack mutants defective this enzyme, biological significance unknown. Here, we report that two cytochrome P450 genes, CYP714B1 CYP714B2, encode 13-oxidase rice. Transgenic Arabidopsis...
The phytohormone auxin plays a central role in many aspects of plant growth and development. IAA is the most studied natural that possesses property polar transport plants. Phenylacetic acid (PAA) has also been recognized as for >40 years, but its development remains unclear. In this study, we show PAA have overlapping regulatory roles distinct characteristics auxins widely distributed vascular non-vascular Although biological activities are lower than those IAA, endogenous levels much...
The structural requirements of strigolactones (SLs) involved in germination induction root parasitic plants and hyphal branching arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been extensively studied. However, our knowledge the SLs shoot inhibition is still limited. To address this question, we investigated structure–activity relationships rice Arabidopsis. possess a four-ring structure, with tricyclic lactone (ABC-rings) connected to methylbutenolide part (D-ring) via an enol ether bridge. Here,...
In angiosperms, the transition from floral-organ maintenance to abscission determines reproductive success and seed dispersion. For petal abscission, cell-fate decisions specifically at petal-cell base are more important than organ-level senescence or cell death in petals. However, how this is regulated remains unclear. Here, we identify a jasmonic acid (JA)-regulated chromatin-state switch of Arabidopsis petals that directs local determination via autophagy. During maintenance,...
Gibberellin levels in imbibed Arabidopsis thaliana seeds are regulated by light via phytochrome, presumably through regulation of gibberellin biosynthesis genes, AtGA3ox1 and AtGA3ox2, a deactivation gene, AtGA2ox2. Here, we show that loss-of-function ga2ox2 mutation causes an increase GA(4) partly suppresses the germination inability during dark imbibition after inactivation phytochrome. Experiments using 2,2-dimethylGA(4), analog resistant to 2-oxidase, combination with mutant suggest...
Endogenous levels of bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are controlled by both biosynthetic and inactivation processes, some cytochrome P450s involved in this control mechanism. We have previously reported that CYP714B1 CYP714B2 encode the enzyme GA 13-oxidase, which is required for GA1 biosynthesis, CYP714D1 encodes 16α,17-epoxidase, inactivates non-13-hydroxy GAs rice. Arabidopsis has two CYP714 members, CYP714A1 CYP714A2. To clarify possible role these genes metabolism, enzymatic activities...
The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects plants and introduces the transferred-DNA (T-DNA) region of Ti-plasmid into nuclear DNA host to induce formation tumors (crown galls). T-DNA carries iaaM iaaH genes for synthesis hormone auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). It has been demonstrated that gene encodes a tryptophan 2-monooxygenase which catalyzes conversion indole-3-acetamide (IAM), an amidase subsequent IAM IAA. In this article, we demonstrate A. enhances production both IAA...
Significance Plant roots grow toward gravity. The phenomenon is known as “root gravitropism” early described by Charles Darwin, and it has been well established that the plant hormone auxin plays a central role in this response. major endogenous auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), mainly synthesized from tryptophan via indole-3-pyruvic acid, whereas indole-3-butyric (IBA) minor precursor of IAA. Previous studies have shown IAA derived IBA specific regulating lateral root development. However,...
In the final step of cytokinin biosynthesis, main pathway is elimination a ribose-phosphate moiety from nucleotide precursor by phosphoribohydrolase, an enzyme encoded gene named LONELY GUY (LOG). This reaction accounts for most supply needed regulating plant growth and development. contrast, LOG-independent pathway, in which dephosphorylation deribosylation sequentially occur, also thought to play role but entity physiological contribution have been elusive. this study, we profiled...
Summary In Catharanthus roseus , monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) are produced through the cooperation of four cell types, with final products accumulating in specialized cells known as idioblasts and laticifers. To explore relationship between cellular differentiation type‐specific MIA metabolism, we analyzed expression biosynthesis germinating seeds. Embryos from immature mature seeds were observed via stereomicroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy. Time‐series iridoid...
In the family Fagaceae, fertilization is delayed by several weeks to 1 year after pollination, leading 1- or 2-year fruiting species depending on whether occurs in same next flowering. To investigate physiological responses underlying regulation of fertilization, we monitored seasonal changes genome-wide gene expression tissues including leaves and buds over 2 years under natural conditions one- (Quercus glauca) (Lithocarpus edulis). Genes associated with metabolic response winter cold,...
Summary The micropylar region of endosperm in a seed, which is adjacent to the radicle tip, called ‘endosperm cap’, and specifically activated before emergence. This activation cap widespread phenomenon among species prerequisite for completion germination. To understand mechanisms cap‐specific gene expression tomato seeds, GeneChip analysis was performed. major groups cap‐enriched genes were pathogenesis‐, cell wall‐, hormone‐associated genes. promoter regions contained DNA motifs...
Chloroplasts are photosynthetic organelles that evolved through the endosymbiosis between cyanobacteria-like symbionts and hosts. Many studies have attempted to isolate intact chloroplasts analyze their morphological characteristics activity. Although several introduced isolated into cells of different species, activities not been confirmed. In this study, we photosynthetically active from primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae incorporated them in cultured mammalian via co-cultivation....
During leaf development, the timing of transition from cell proliferation to expansion is an important factor in determining final organ size. However, regulatory system involved this remains less understood. To get insight into system, we investigated compensation phenomenon, which number decreases while size increases organs with determinate growth. Compensation observed several plant species suggesting coordination between and expansion. In study, examined Arabidopsis mutant ANGUSTIFOLIA...
Abstract Mitochondria are vital organelles regulating essential cellular functions. Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) consists of 37 genes, 13 which encode proteins, and the remaining 24 genes two ribosomal RNAs 22 transfer needed for translation mtDNA‐encoded proteins. However, mtDNA often impairs expression function these due to various mutations, ultimately causing dysfunction. To recover from this desperate condition, developing technology supply all proteins encoded by at once is an...
Correlative array tomography, combining light and electron microscopy via serial sections, plays a crucial role in the three-dimensional ultrastructural visualization molecular distribution analysis biological structures. To address challenges of aligning fluorescence images sections irregularly shaped specimens, we developed diamond notch knife, new tool for puncturing holes using needle. The needle featured triangular right-angled tip, enabling drilling deep upon insertion into polished...
Plants release specialized (secondary) metabolites from their roots to communicate with other organisms, including soil microorganisms. The spatial behavior of such around these can help us understand roles for the communication; however, currently, they are unclear because soil-based studies complex. Here, we established a multimodal metabolomics approach using imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and liquid chromatography-tandem (LC-MS/MS) spatially assign under laboratory conditions agar. In...
Artificial Peptides In article number 2306070, Keiji Numata and co-workers achieve a significant milestone by employing an artificial peptide inspired transmembrane mitochondrial protein for mitochondria-targeting gene delivery. The peptide-based delivery carrier selectively escorts the loaded genes to mitochondria, inducing efficient, simultaneous expression of multiple in dysfunction cells. This work contributes further exploration engineering technologies, including single-mitochondrion...
Abstract Active membrane transport of plant hormones and their related compounds is an essential process that determines the distribution within tissues and, hence, regulates various physiological events. Here, we report Arabidopsis NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE FAMILY 7.3 (NPF7.3) protein functions as a transporter indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), precursor major endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic (IAA). When expressed in yeast, NPF7.3 mediated cellular IBA uptake. Loss-of-function npf7.3 mutants...
Abstract In angiosperms, transition from floral organ maintenance to abscission determines plant reproductive success and seed dispersion. For petal abscission, local cell fate decision at base is more important than general senescence or death of petals levels. However, how this regulated in a spatiotemporal manner remains unclear. Here, we describe jasmonic acid (JA)–regulated chromatin state change that directs the determination via autophagy petals. During phase, transcriptional...
Abstract In the family Fagaceae, fertilization is delayed by several weeks to one year after pollination, leading one- or two-year fruiting species depending on whether occurs in same next flowering. To investigate physiological responses underlying regulation of fertilization, we monitored seasonal changes genome-wide gene expression tissues including leaves and buds over two years under natural conditions ( Quercus glauca ) Lithocarpus edulis ). Genes associated with cold stress,...