A5004271884- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Disaster Response and Management
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Global Security and Public Health
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
New York University
2017-2024
Columbia University
2020-2024
International Rescue Committee
2015-2024
Bellevue Hospital Center
2020
University of California, Berkeley
2014-2015
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015
Ministry of Health
2015
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
San Francisco Foundation
2014
The virus SARS-CoV2, which causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a pandemic and spread to every inhabited continent. Given the increasing caseload, there is an urgent need augment clinical skills in order identify from among many mild cases few that will progress critical illness. We present first step towards building artificial intelligence (AI) framework, with predictive analytics (PA) capabilities applied real patient data, provide rapid decision-making support. COVID-19...
Explainability for artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is a hotly debated topic. Our paper presents review of the key arguments favor and against explainability AI-powered Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) applied to concrete use case, namely an CDSS currently used emergency call setting identify patients with life-threatening cardiac arrest. More specifically, we performed normative analysis using socio-technical scenarios provide nuanced account role CDSSs allowing abstractions...
To use observed data to develop a mathematical model that estimates the impact of migration on spread HIV in South Africa. A deterministic was designed evaluate dynamic interactions between mobility, sexual behaviour, HIV, and sexually transmitted infections. The based population study 488 adults, which included male migrants, non-migrants their rural partners KwaZulu/Natal, predicted depends upon epidemic's stage pattern migration. Early epidemic, frequent populations with different...
High rates of population movement may have helped spread human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, but whether mobility continues to influence the epidemic is unclear.The relationship between movement, risk behaviors, and prevalence HIV was assessed from a general survey >9800 adults 12 rural communities Manicaland province eastern Zimbabwe.HIV varied with socioeconomic development. In community centers, among women 49.9% (95% confidence interval [CI],...
This paper documents how an ethically aligned co-design methodology ensures trustworthiness in the early design phase of artificial intelligence (AI) system component for healthcare. The explains decisions made by deep learning networks analyzing images skin lesions. trustworthy AI developed here used a holistic approach rather than static ethical checklist and required multidisciplinary team experts working with designers their managers. Ethical, legal, technical issues potentially arising...
This study was undertaken to determine if acidic or basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF1 FGF2) vascular endothelial (VEGF) alters the radiation response of small bowel after total-body irradiation (TBI). Female C3H mice were treated with various doses angiogenic administered intravenously 24 h before 1 TBI. Radiation ranged from 7 18 Gy. End points measured number crypts in three portions bowel, frequency apoptosis crypt cells at times TBI, and LD50/30 (bone marrow syndrome) LD50/6 (GI...
The Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas has caused global concern that we may be on brink of a healthcare crisis. lack research ZIKV over 60 years have known about it left us with little way starting points for drug discovery. Our response can build previous efforts outbreaks and lean heavily work done other flaviviruses such as dengue virus. We provide some suggestions what might possible propose an open discovery effort mobilizes science provides leadership, which thus far been...
To determine whether 2 readily available indicators predicted survival among patients with Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone, we evaluated information for 216 of the 227 Bo District during a 4-month period. The were time from symptom onset to healthcare facility admission and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR cycle threshold (Ct), surrogate viral load, first virus-positive blood sample tested. Of these patients, 151 alive when detected had reported dates Ct values available....
Despite evidence of socio-demographic disparities in outcomes COVID-19, little is known about characteristics and clinical patients admitted to public hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak.To assess demographics, comorbid conditions, factors associated with critical illness mortality among diagnosed at a hospital New York City (NYC) first month outbreak.Retrospective chart review NYC Health + Hospitals / Bellevue Hospital from March 9th April 8th, 2020.A total 337 were study period. Primary...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly improve delivery of healthcare and other services that advance population health wellbeing. However, use AI in also brings risks may cause unintended harm. To guide future developments AI, High-Level Expert Group on set up by European Commission (EC), recently published ethics guidelines for what it terms “trustworthy” AI. These are aimed at a variety stakeholders, especially guiding practitioners toward more ethical robust...
Vaccination can help control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic but is undermined by vaccine hesitancy. Social media disseminates information and misinformation regarding vaccination. Tracking analyzing social sentiment could better prepare health professionals for vaccination conversations campaigns.A real-time big data analytics framework was developed using natural language processing analysis, a form of artificial intelligence. The ingests, processes, analyzes tweets...
This article's main contributions are twofold: 1) to demonstrate how apply the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI in practice domain of healthcare and 2) investigate research question what does "trustworthy AI" mean at time COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we present results a post-hoc self-assessment evaluate trustworthiness an system predicting multiregional score conveying degree lung compromise patients, developed verified by...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental with very high prevalence around the world. Research progress in field of ASD facial analysis pediatric patients has been hindered due to lack well-established baselines. In this paper, we propose use Vision Transformer (ViT) for computational ASD. The presented model, known as ViTASD, distills knowledge from large expression datasets and offers model structure transferability. Specifically, ViTASD employs vanilla ViT extract...
<ns3:p>We are currently faced with a global infectious disease crisis which has been anticipated for decades. While many promising biotherapeutics being tested, the search small molecule yet to deliver an approved drug or therapeutic Ebola similar filoviruses that cause haemorrhagic fever. Two recent high throughput screens published in 2013 did however identify several hits progressed animal studies FDA drugs used other indications. The current computational analysis uses these molecules...
We are currently faced with a global infectious disease crisis which has been anticipated for decades. While many promising biotherapeutics being tested, the search small molecule yet to deliver an approved drug or therapeutic Ebola similar filoviruses that cause haemorrhagic fever. Two recent high throughput screens published in 2013 did however identify several hits progressed animal studies FDA drugs used other indications. The current computational analysis uses these molecules from two...
Epidemiological studies have observed that genital schistosomiasis increases the risk of HIV infection in Africa. We analysed correlation between Schistosoma haematobium prevalence and across sub-Saharan African countries.Regression analysis S. countries.Using compiled country-level prevalence, other demographic economic data from published sources, we applied univariate multivariate regression models to assess correlations while controlling for factors associated with each infection.In 43...
<ns3:p>The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of the family <ns3:italic>Flaviviridae</ns3:italic>, which similar to dengue virus, yellow fever and West Nile virus. Recent outbreaks in South America, Latin Caribbean particular Brazil have led concern for spread disease potential cause Guillain-Barré syndrome microcephaly. Although ZIKV has been known over 60 years there very little way knowledge with few publications no crystal structures. No antivirals tested against it either <ns3:italic>in...
Abstract Building artificial intelligence (AI) systems that adhere to ethical standards is a complex problem. Even though multitude of guidelines for the design and development such trustworthy AI exist, these focus on high-level abstract requirements systems, it often very difficult assess if specific system fulfills requirements. The Z-Inspection® process provides holistic dynamic framework evaluate trustworthiness at different stages lifecycle, including intended use, design, development....
Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures safeguard primary healthcare systems, especially as the infectious disease landscape evolves due to climate environmental change, increased global mobility, vaccine hesitancy inequity, which can introduce unexpected pathogens. This study explores importance of an "always-on," low-cost IPC approach, focusing on role natural ventilation in health facilities, particularly low-resource settings. Ambient carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels are...
<ns3:p>The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of the family <ns3:italic>Flaviviridae</ns3:italic>, which similar to dengue virus, yellow fever and West Nile virus. Recent outbreaks in South America, Latin Caribbean particular Brazil have led concern for spread disease potential cause Guillain-Barré syndrome microcephaly. Although ZIKV has been known over 60 years there very little way knowledge with few publications no crystal structures. No antivirals tested against it either <ns3:italic>in...
<ns3:p>In the search for treatments Ebola Virus, multiple screens of FDA drugs have led to identification several with promising <ns3:italic>in vitro</ns3:italic> activity. These compounds were not originally developed as antivirals and some been further tested in mouse vivo</ns3:italic> models. We put forward opinion that these could be evaluated move into clinic they are already approved many cases readily available. This may important if there is a outbreak future no other therapeutic...
<ns3:p>The current Ebola virus epidemic may provide some suggestions of how we can better prepare for the next pathogen outbreak. We propose several cost effective steps that could be taken would impact discovery and use small molecule therapeutics including: 1. text mine literature, 2. patent assignees and/or inventors should openly declare their relevant filings, 3. reagents assays commoditized, 4. using manual curation to enhance database links, 5. engage teams, 6. consider open science...