A5060167253- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Malaria Research and Control
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Respiratory viral infections research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Blood disorders and treatments
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2016-2025
University of Pittsburgh
2024
Johns Hopkins University
2024
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
2024
Madison Group (United States)
2023
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2015
Emory University
2014-2015
Children's Center
2015
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015
University of Iowa
2009-2012
Abstract Infection with Asian-lineage Zika virus (ZIKV) has been associated Guillain–Barré syndrome and fetal abnormalities, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Animal models of infection are thus urgently needed. Here we show that rhesus macaques susceptible to by an ZIKV closely related strains currently circulating in Americas. Following subcutaneous inoculation, RNA is detected plasma 1 day post (d.p.i.) all animals ( N =8, including 2 pregnant animals), also present...
Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated human congenital fetal anomalies. To model outcomes in nonhuman primates, we administered Asian-lineage ZIKV subcutaneously to four pregnant rhesus macaques. While non-pregnant animals a previous study contemporary the current report clear viremia within 10–12 days, maternal was prolonged 3 of 4 pregnancies. Fetal head growth velocity last month gestation determined by ultrasound assessment circumference decreased comparison biparietal diameter...
Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover clade I virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and II MPXV West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological genomic features an mpox outbreak mining region eastern Democratic Republic Congo, by MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates...
Background Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2016, because evidence linking infection with ZIKV to neurological complications, such as Guillain-Barre Syndrome adults and congenital birth defects including microcephaly developing fetus. Because development vaccine is top research priority genetic antigenic variability many RNA viruses limits effectiveness vaccines,...
Abstract Mouse and nonhuman primate models now serve as useful platforms to study Zika virus (ZIKV) pathogenesis, candidate therapies, vaccines, but they rely on needle inoculation of virus: the effects mosquito-borne infection disease outcome have not been explored in these models. Here we show that via mosquito bite delays ZIKV replication peak viral loads rhesus macaques. Importantly, mosquito-infected animals tissue distribution was limited hemolymphatic tissues, female reproductive...
Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection impacts fetal development and pregnancy outcomes. We infected a pregnant rhesus macaque with Puerto Rican ZIKV isolate in the first trimester. The was complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), intraamniotic bacterial demise 49 days post (gestational day 95). Significant pathology at maternal-fetal interface included acute chorioamnionitis, placental infarcts, leukocytoclastic vasculitis myometrial radial arteries. RNA disseminated...
Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue (DENV) are genetically antigenically related flaviviruses that now co-circulate in much of the tropical subtropical world. The rapid emergence ZIKV Americas 2015 2016, its recent associations with Guillain-Barré syndrome, birth defects, fetal loss have led to hypothesis DENV infection induces cross-reactive antibodies influence severity secondary infections. It has also been proposed pre-existing immunity could affect pathogenesis. We examined outcomes infections...
Host cell kinases are important for the replication of a number hemorrhagic fever viruses. We tested panel kinase inhibitors their ability to block multiple OSU-03012 inhibited Lassa, Ebola, Marburg and Nipah viruses, whereas BIBX 1382 dihydrochloride Ebola blocked both Lassa virus glycoprotein-dependent entry. These compounds may be used as tools understand conserved virus-host interactions, implicate host that targets broad spectrum therapeutic intervention.
Zika virus is present in urine, saliva, tears, and breast milk, but the transmission risk associated with these body fluids currently unknown. Here we evaluate of through mucosal contact rhesus macaques. Application high-dose directly to tonsils three macaques results detectable plasma viremia all animals by 2 days post-exposure; replication kinetics are similar those observed infected subcutaneously. Three additional inoculated subcutaneously served as saliva donors assess from oral...
ZIKV was first identified in 1947 Africa, but most of our knowledge is based on studies the distinct Asian genetic lineage, which caused outbreak Americas 2015 to 2016. In its recent update, WHO stated that improved understanding African-lineage pathogenesis during pregnancy must be a priority.
In the 2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic, a previously unrecognized risk of birth defects surfaced in babies whose mothers were infected with Asian-lineage ZIKV during pregnancy. Less is known about impacts gestational African-lineage infections. Given high human immunodeficiency (HIV) burdens regions where circulates, we evaluated whether pregnant rhesus macaques simian (SIV) have higher ZIKV-associated defects. Remarkably, both SIV+ and SIV- animals, infection early first trimester caused...
Abstract Prenatal and postnatal Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure can result in a constellation of developmental deficits human infants that present during early childhood. Translational rhesus macaques models have been developed to interrogate these deficits. Here, we summarize interpret the findings from macaque studies prenatal or ZIKV exposure. We looked for potential biomarkers could be used identify at risk Visual orientation motor were most common across studies. identified association...
Infection with clade I Mpox virus (MPXV) results in adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet the potential for vertical transmission resulting fetal harm IIb MPXV, that is currently circulating Western Hemisphere, remains unknown. We sought to establish a pregnant rhesus macaque model of MPXV infection early gestation inoculation understand if and outcomes. Three macaques were inoculated intradermally 1.5 x 10 5 plaque forming units (PFU) near gestational day (GD) 30 animals monitored viremia...
Defining the complex dynamics of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy and during transmission between vertebrate hosts mosquito vectors is critical for a thorough understanding viral transmission, pathogenesis, immune evasion, potential reservoir establishment. Within-host diversity ZIKV low, which makes it difficult to evaluate dynamics. To overcome this biological hurdle, we constructed molecularly barcoded ZIKV. This stock consists "synthetic swarm" whose members are genetically...
Abstract Broadly neutralizing Abs to HIV-1 are well described; however, identification of Ags that elicit these has proven difficult. Persistent infection with GB virus type C (GBV-C) is associated prolonged survival in HIV-1–infected individuals, and among those without viremia, the presence Ab GBV-C glycoprotein E2 also survival. protein inhibits entry, an antigenic peptide within interferes gp41-induced membrane perturbations vitro, suggesting possibility structural mimicry between...
Concerns have arisen that pre-existing immunity to dengue virus (DENV) could enhance Zika (ZIKV) disease, due the homology between ZIKV and DENV observation of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) among serotypes. To date, no study has examined impact on pathogenesis during pregnancy in a translational non-human primate model. Here we show macaques with prior DENV-2 exposure had higher burden vRNA maternal-fetal interface tissues as compared DENV-naive macaques. However, detectable...
Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can result in birth defects, including malformations the fetal brain and visual system. There are two distinct genetic lineages of ZIKV: African Asian. Asian-lineage ZIKVs have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes humans; however, recent evidence from experimental models suggests that African-lineage viruses also be vertically transmitted cause harm.
Abstract Infection with clade I Mpox virus (MPXV) results in adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet the potential for vertical transmission resulting fetal harm IIb MPXV, that is currently circulating Western Hemisphere, remains unknown. We established a rhesus macaque model of MPXV early gestation inoculation. Three pregnant macaques were inoculated intradermally 1.5 × 10^5 plaque forming units (PFU) near gestational day (GD) 30 and animals monitored viremia maternal well-being. Animals euthanized...
Countermeasures against Zika virus (ZIKV), including vaccines, are frequently tested in nonhuman primates (NHP). Macaque models important for understanding how ZIKV infections impact human pregnancy due to similarities placental development. The lack of consistent adverse outcomes ZIKV-affected pregnancies poses a challenge macaque studies where group sizes often small (4-8 animals). Studies animal suggest that African-lineage viruses can cause more frequent and severe fetal outcomes. No...
Zika virus (ZIKV) can be transmitted vertically from mother to fetus during pregnancy, resulting in a range of outcomes including severe birth defects and fetal/infant death. Potential pathways vertical transmission utero have been proposed but remain undefined. Identifying the timing routes ZIKV may help us identify when interventions would most effective. Furthermore, understanding what barriers overcomes effect improve models for evaluating infection by other pathogens pregnancy. To...