A5077181997- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Language Development and Disorders
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
Fondazione Stella Maris
2015-2024
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
2014-2024
University of Florence
2023
Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique
2018
University of Brescia
2013
Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia
2013
Politecnico di Milano
2012
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
2011
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
1984
University of California, Berkeley
1977-1984
Abstract Purpose To study the normal dependence of cerebral perfusion changes on age, to measure values early in life, and create a reference dataset. Materials Methods Perfusion maps were collected from total 44 healthy subjects (from four 78 years old) using arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique. The population was retrospectively divided into three age groups: children, teenagers, adults. For each group, mean blood flow (CBF) calculated gray matter (GM) white (WM). Results compared...
Abstract Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia are an increasing societal burden. Epidemiological studies indicate that lifestyle factors, e.g. physical, social activities, correlate with reduced risk; moreover, positive effects on cognition of physical/cognitive training have been found in cognitively unimpaired elders. Less is known about effectiveness action mechanisms elders already suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a population at high risk for dementia. We...
Summary Objective To assess the diagnostic yield of 7T magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) in detecting and characterizing structural lesions patients with intractable focal epilepsy unrevealing conventional (1.5 or 3T) . Methods We conducted an observational clinical study on 21 (17 adults 4 children) epilepsy, exhibiting electroencephalographic features consistent a single seizure‐onset zone SOZ Patients were enrolled at two tertiary surgery centers imaged 7T, including whole brain...
In natural scenes, objects rarely occur in isolation but appear within a spatiotemporal context. Here, we show that the perceived size of stimulus is significantly affected by context scene: brief previous presentation larger or smaller adapting stimuli at same region space changes test stimulus, with causing to than veridical and vice versa. human fMRI study, measured blood oxygen level-dependent activation (BOLD) responses primary visual cortex (V1) contours large-diameter found closely...
To evaluate the anatomy of substantia nigra (SN) in healthy subjects by performing 7-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging SN, and to prospectively define accuracy MR distinguishing Parkinson disease (PD) patients from on an individual basis.The protocol was approved Italian Ministry Health local competent ethics committee. SN described ex vivo a gross brain specimen using highly resolved proton-density (spin-echo proton density) gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) images, eight (mean age, 40.1 years)...
Polymicrogyria is a malformation of cortical development that often identified in children with epilepsy or delayed development. We investigated vivo the potential 7T imaging characterizing polymicrogyria to determine whether additional features could be identified.Ten adult patients previously diagnosed by using 3T MR underwent at 7T. assessed according topographic pattern, extent, symmetry, and morphology. Additional sequences included 3D T2* susceptibility-weighted angiography 2D tissue...
In adults, motion perception is mediated by an extensive network of occipital, parietal, temporal, and insular cortical areas. Little known about the neural substrate visual in infants, although behavioural studies suggest that rudimentary at birth matures steadily over first few years. Here, measuring Blood Oxygenated Level Dependent (BOLD) responses to flow versus random-motion stimuli, we demonstrate major areas serving processing adults are operative 7 wk age. Resting-state correlations...
Genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors contribute since infancy to sexual dimorphism in regional brain structures of subjects with typical development. However, the neuroanatomical differences between male female children autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are an intriguing still poorly investigated issue. This study aims evaluate whether young ASD exhibits sex-related structural if a correlation exists clinical features underpinnings. A total 152 MRI scans were analysed. Specifically, 76...
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disorder that entails degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. The primary cortex (M1) in patients with neuron (UMN) impairment pronouncedly hypointense Magnetic Resonance (MR) T2* contrast. In the present study, 3D gradient-recalled multi-echo sequences were used on 7 Tesla MR system to acquire T2*-weighted images targeting M1 at high spatial resolution. raw data for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM)....
Sensory deprivation during the post-natal ‘critical period’ leads to structural reorganization of developing visual cortex. In adulthood, cortex retains some flexibility and adapts sensory deprivation. Here we show that short-term (2 hr) monocular in adult humans boosts BOLD response deprived eye, changing ocular dominance V1 vertices, consistent with homeostatic plasticity. The boost is strongest V1, present V2, V3 V4 but absent V3a hMT+. Assessment spatial frequency tuning by a population...
Standard neuroimaging fails in defining the anatomy of substantia nigra and has a marginal role diagnosis Parkinson disease. Recently 7T MR target imaging been useful diagnosing We performed comparative study to evaluate whether susceptibility-weighted angiography can diagnose disease with 3T scanner.Fourteen patients 13 healthy subjects underwent examination at by using angiography. Two expert blinded observers 1 neuroradiology fellow evaluated images sample identify abnormalities...
The neural substrate of the phenomenological experience a stable visual world remains obscure. One possible mechanism would be to construct spatiotopic maps where response is selective position stimulus in external space, rather than retinal eccentricities, but evidence for these has been inconsistent. Here we show, with fMRI, that when human subjects perform concomitantly demanding attentive task on stimuli displayed at fovea, BOLD responses evoked by moving irrelevant were mostly tuned...
Retinal prosthesis technologies require that the visual system downstream of retinal circuitry be capable transmitting and elaborating signals. We studied capability plastic remodeling in late blind subjects implanted with Argus II Prosthesis psychophysics functional MRI (fMRI). After surgery, six out seven retinitis pigmentosa (RP) were able to detect high-contrast stimuli using prosthetic implant. However, direction discrimination contrast modulated remained at chance level all them. No...
Background and Purpose— Early poststroke aphasia rehabilitation effects their functional MRI (fMRI) correlates were investigated in a pilot, controlled longitudinal study. Methods— Twelve patients with mild/moderate (8 Broca, 3 anomic, 1 Wernicke) randomly assigned to daily language for 2 weeks (starting 2.2 [mean] days poststroke) or no rehabilitation. The Aachen Aphasia Test fMRI recorded during an auditory comprehension task performed at time intervals: mean (T1), 16.2 (T2), 190 (T3)...
A bstract During May 2012, the CERN-CNGS neutrino beam has been operated for two weeks a total of ~1.8 × 10 17 p.o.t., with proton made bunches, few ns wide and separated by 100 ns. This structure allows very accurate time flight measurement neutrinos from CERN to LNGS on an event-by-event basis. Both ICARUS-T600 PMT-DAQ CERN-LNGS timing synchronization have substantially improved this campaign, taking advantage additional independent GPS receivers, both at as well deployment “White Rabbit”...
Abstract Background Rehabilitation for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) aimed to improve function of the impaired upper limb (UL) uses a wide range intervention programs. A new rehabilitative approach, called Action-Observation Therapy, based on recent discovery mirror neurons, has been used in adult stroke but not children. The purpose present study is design randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating efficacy Therapy improving UL activity HCP. Methods/Design designed...
Behavioral studies suggest that motion perception is rudimentary at birth and matures steadily over the first few years. We demonstrated previously major cortical associative areas serving processing, like middle temporal complex (MT+), visual cortex area 6 (V6), PIVC in adults, show selective responses to coherent flow 8-week-old infants. Here, we study BOLD response same stimuli 5-week-old infants (four females four males) compare maturation between these two ages. The results MT+ a...
Right-hemispheric organisation of language has been observed following early left-sided brain lesions. The role the site damage is still controversial, as other aspects influence pattern speech including timing lesion and presence epilepsy. We studied a group 10 term-born children homogeneous for timing/type clinical picture. All subjects had left perinatal arterial stroke, right hemiplegia, normal cognitive functions no or easily controlled epileptic seizures. In half patients, clearly...
<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive motor neuron disorder that involves degeneration of both upper and lower neurons. In patients with amyotrophic sclerosis, pathologic studies ex vivo high-resolution MR imaging at ultra-high field strength revealed the co-localization iron activated microglia distributed in deep layers primary cortex. The aims study were to measure cortical thickness evaluate distribution iron-related signal changes cortex as...
Purpose To obtain a fast and robust fat‐water separation with simultaneous estimation of water T 1 , fat fraction maps. Methods We modified an MR fingerprinting (MRF) framework to use single dictionary combination dictionary. A variable TE acquisition pattern maximum = 4.8 ms was used increase the fat–water separability. Radiofrequency (RF) spoiling reduce size by reducing 2 sensitivity. The technique compared both in vitro vivo MRF method that incorporated 3‐point Dixon (DIXON MRF), as well...
Simultaneous PET/MR/EEG (Positron Emission Tomography - Magnetic Resonance Electroencephalography), a new tool for the investigation of neuronal networks in human brain, is presented here within framework European Union Project TRIMAGE. The trimodal, cost-effective imaging makes use cutting edge technology both PET and MR fields. A novel type magnet (1.5T, non-cryogenic) has been built together with scanner that most advanced photodetectors (i.e., SiPM matrices), scintillators matrices...