A5051426092- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
University of Leicester
2015-2025
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
2021-2025
Imperial College London
2022-2024
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
2015-2023
Collaborative Group (United States)
2023
Glenfield Hospital
2014-2023
University of Oxford
2023
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
2023
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospital
2023
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2023
The BioMart Community Portal (www.biomart.org) is a community-driven effort to provide unified interface biomedical databases that are distributed worldwide. portal provides access numerous database projects supported by 30 scientific organizations. It includes over 800 different biological datasets spanning genomics, proteomics, model organisms, cancer data, ontology information and more. All resources available through the independently administered funded their host data federation...
To facilitate broad and convenient integrative visualization of access to GWAS data, we have created the Central resource (http://www.gwascentral.org). This database seeks provide a comprehensive collection summary-level genetic association structured both for maximal utility safe open (i.e., non-directional signals fully preclude research subject identification). The emphasizes on advanced tools that allow comparison discovery relevant data sets from perspective genes, genome regions,...
Abstract Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a major contributor to the disability caused by depressive disorder (MDD). Primary care electronic health records provide an easily accessible approach investigate TRD clinical and genetic characteristics. MDD defined from primary in UK Biobank (UKB) EXCEED studies was compared with other measures of tested for association polygenic risk score (PRS). Using prescribing records, at least two switches between antidepressant drugs, each prescribed...
Background The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has claimed over two and a half million lives worldwide so far. Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is perceived to be seasonally recurrent, rapid noninvasive biomarker accurately diagnose patients early on in their course will necessary meet the operational demands for COVID-19 control coming years. Objective aim of this study was evaluate role exhaled breath volatile biomarkers identifying with...
Abstract Background Airway bacterial dysbiosis is a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there limited comparative data the lung microbiome between healthy smokers, non-smokers and COPD. Methods We compared 16S rRNA gene-based sputum generated from pair-ended Illumina sequencing 124 subjects (28 smokers 96 with normal function), single stable samples 218 COPD collected three UK clinical centres as part COPDMAP consortium. Results In Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes...
Building upon pre-trained ViT models, many advanced methods have achieved significant success in COVID-19 classification. Many scholars pursue better performance by increasing model complexity and parameters. While these can enhance performance, they also require extensive computational resources extended training times. Additionally, the persistent challenge of overfitting, due to limited dataset sizes, remains a hurdle. To address challenges, we proposed novel method optimize transformer...
Analysis of ciliary function for assessment patients suspected primary dyskinesia (PCD) and research studies respiratory ependymal cilia requires both beat pattern frequency. While direct measurement frequency from high-speed video recordings is the most accurate reproducible technique it extremely time consuming. The aim this study was to develop a freely available automated method analysis digital (AVI) files that runs on open-source software (ImageJ) coupled Microsoft Excel, validate by...
Precision medicine has spurred new innovations in molecular pathology leading to recent advances the analysis of exhaled breath as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected have potential reveal wealth chemical and metabolomic information. This study describes development method for breath, based on automated thermal desorption (TD) combined with flow modulated comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) dual flame ionisation quadrupole mass...
Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Effective use personal protective equipment (PPE) reduces this risk. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors self-reported access appropriate PPE (aPPE) for HCWs in UK during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods conducted cross sectional analyses using data from a nationwide questionnaire-based cohort study administered between December 2020-February 2021. The outcome was binary measure aPPE (access...
Acute cardiorespiratory breathlessness accounts for one in eight of all emergency hospitalizations. Early, noninvasive diagnostic testing is a clinical priority that allows rapid triage and treatment. Here, we sought to find replicate breath volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers acute disease understand metabolite network enrichment disease, with view gaining mechanistic insight biochemical derangements. We collected analyzed exhaled samples from 277 participants presenting...
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an acute respiratory condition associated with high mortality in adult populations and potentially more serious older patients. Accurate consistently applied prediction of outcome may contribute to reduce in-hospital mortality. Currently, CAP outcomes are assessed clinical scores like CURB65, based on signs symptoms that non-specific the disease. Recent literature has shown machine learning (ML) potential improve prediction, but sparse...
Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for 19 severity. Four of these 23 likely have an ethnicity-specific component. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals 11 colocalize expression quantitative trait (eQTLs) associated the 20 genes 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene), including lung, brain, heart, muscle, skin as well...
Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) in the United Kingdom (UK) have faced many challenges during COVID-19 pandemic, some of these arising out their social positions. Existing literature explicating (e.g., lack appropriate PPE, redeployment, understaffing) highlighted inequities how been experienced by HCWs based on ethnicity, gender or, job role. In this paper, we move a step ahead and examine intersection positions impacted HCWs’ experiences pandemic. Methods We collected...
Abstract Introduction Varenicline is an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist with the highest therapeutic efficacy of any pharmacological smoking cessation aid and a 12-month rate 26%. Genetic variation may be associated varenicline response, but to date no genome-wide association studies response have been published. Methods In this study, we investigated genetic contribution effectiveness using two electronic health record-derived phenotypes. We defined short-term (SVE)...
Background Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in the UK is impacted by delay and suboptimal culture-based microbiological confirmation rates due to high prevalence of paucibacillary disease. We examine real-world clinical utility Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert-Ultra) as a diagnostic test biomarker transmissible infection TB service. Methods Clinical specimens from suspected cases triple tested (smear microscopy, mycobacterial culture Xpert-Ultra) at University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust (1 March...
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold> As the global population ages, healthcare systems must anticipate and manage interactions of older adults with dementia other long-term conditions. Optimising assessment diagnosis services is essential to enhance efficiency improve patient experience. Solutions address evolving needs complexity patients, caregivers, services.<bold>Aims</bold> We sought develop a comprehensive model memory service (MAS) examine how unpaid carers health system...
Abstract Background Redeployment was critical in addressing the increased demands of COVID-19 on healthcare system. Previous research indicates that ethnic minority workers (HCWs), those visas, and junior roles, were more likely to be redeployed duties compared White UK-born HCWs. There is limited evidence how redeployment practically organized, preparedness HCWs NHS for rapid changes, decision-making processes involved. This paper discusses HCWs’ experiences, their alignment with policy...
Rationale Hospitalisation due to exacerbations of cardio-respiratory disease results in reduced lung function and increased airways obstruction. However, traditional measures require maximal effort which is difficult when patients are unwell ( e.g. FEV 1 ) may focus on larger away from the major part peak flow). Objective We aimed measure whole using oscillometry during hospitalisation with illness, compared healthy control. Method 310 participants underwent assessment, 263 were admitted...
The Human Genome Variation database of Genotype to Phenotype information (HGVbaseG2P) is a new central for summary-level findings produced by human genetic association studies, both large and small. Such needed so that researchers have an easy way access all the available study data relevant their genes, genome regions or diseases interest. depository will allow true positive signals be more readily distinguished from false positives (type I error) fail consistently replicate. In this paper...
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality devastated economies globally. Among groups at increased risk are healthcare workers (HCWs) ethnic minority groups. Emerging evidence suggests that HCWs from of adverse COVID-19-related outcomes. To date, there been no large-scale analysis these risks UK or ancillary settings, stratified by ethnicity occupation, adjusted for confounders. This paper reports the protocol a prospective longitudinal...
Regular vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 may be needed to maintain immunity in 'at-risk' populations, which include healthcare workers (HCWs). However, little is known about the proportion of HCWs who might hesitant receiving a hypothetical regular or factors associated with this hesitancy.Cross-sectional analysis questionnaire data collected as part UK-REACH, nationwide, longitudinal cohort study HCWs. The outcome measure was binary, either participant indicated they would definitely accept...
Abstract Thyroid hormones play a critical role in regulation of multiple physiological functions and thyroid dysfunction is associated with substantial morbidity. Here, we use electronic health records to undertake genome-wide association study thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, total sample size 247,107. We identify 158 novel genetic associations, more than doubling the number known associations TSH, implicate 112 putative causal genes, which 76 are not previously implicated. A...
<h3>Background</h3> The efffectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) contact screening programmes using interferon γ release assays remains uncertain as prospective TB risk is not well characterised. <h3>Objectives</h3> To quantify 2-year and evaluate performance with single-step QuantiFERON Gold-In Tube (QFT) in adult contacts. compare between QFT tested subgroups stratified by exposure type (smear positive pulmonary (SP) versus non-smear (NSP) TB) age (younger (16–35 years) older (≥36 years))....